[Federal Register: March 25, 1997 (Volume 62, Number 57)] [Notices] [Page 14190-14273] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr25mr97-161] [[Page 14190]] OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT Report on 1996 Surveys Used to Determine Cost-of-Living Allowances in Nonforeign Areas AGENCY: Office of Personnel Management. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: This notice publishes the ``Report on 1996 Surveys Used to Determine Cost-of-Living Allowances in Nonforeign Areas.'' The surveys were conducted by Runzheimer International under contract with the Office of Personnel Management (OPM). The analyses and report were prepared by OPM. The results of the surveys are used to determine cost- of-living allowances (COLA's) paid to General Schedule, U.S. Postal Service, and certain other Federal employees in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. This report provides the basis for the increases in certain COLA rates being published by OPM in the interim rulemaking immediately preceding this notice. DATES: Comments must be received on or before June 23, 1997. ADDRESSES: Send or deliver comments to Donald J.Winstead, Assistant Director for Compensation Policy, Human Resources Systems Service, Office of Personnel Management, Room 6H31, 1900 E Street NW., Washington, DC 20415, or FAX to (202) 606-4264, or email comments over the Internet to cola@opm.gov. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Donald L. Paquin, (202) 606-2838. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Sections 591.205(d) and 591.206(c) of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations, require that nonforeign area cost-of- living allowance (COLA) survey summaries and calculations be published in the Federal Register . Accordingly, the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is publishing the complete ``Report On 1996 Surveys Used to Determine Cost-of-Living Allowances in Nonforeign Areas'' with this notice. The surveys were conducted by Runzheimer International under Government contract OPM-95-97012. OPM performed the analyses of survey data and prepared this report, which explains in detail the methodologies, calculations, and findings of the 1996 COLA surveys. Survey Results OPM computed index values of relative living costs in the allowance areas using an index scale where the living costs in the Washington, DC, area equal 100. (See the Executive Summary of the report.) The results of the surveys show that the COLA rate for Kauai, HI, should be increased from its current level of 20.0 percent to 22.5 percent and that the COLA rate for the U.S. Virgin Islands should be increased from 17.5 percent to 20.0 percent. The survey results also show that the COLA rates for three areas are currently at the appropriate levels, and that the COLA rates in seven areas are above levels warranted by the living-cost indexes. However, the Treasury, Postal Service, and General Government Appropriations Act, 1992 (Pub. L. 102-141), as amended, prohibits reductions in COLA rates through December 31, 1998. Therefore, OPM is not proposing any COLA rate reductions. Comments on Prior Surveys OPM published the report on the Summer 1994 surveys in Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Washington, DC, area in the Federal Register (60 FR 61332) on November 29, 1995. OPM published the report on the Winter 1995 surveys in Alaska and the Washington, DC, area in the Federal Register (61 FR 4070) on February 2, 1996. OPM received 6 comments on the Summer 1994 surveys and 77 comments on the Winter 1995 surveys. Most of the commenters believed the surveys did not fully consider the expenses incurred in the allowance areas. Many noted dissimilarities between the allowance areas and the Washington, DC, area that they felt were either not accounted for in the surveys or that affected the accuracy of the results of the surveys. These differences included -- --Goods and services typically found in the Washington, DC, area that are not available in the allowance areas, the cost to obtain these goods and services in the allowance areas (e.g., shipping fees), and the quality of the goods and services that are available; --Goods and services typically purchased in the allowance areas that are not typically purchased in the Washington, DC, area; --Variations in spending patterns between the Washington, DC, area and the allowance areas; --Hardships encountered under adverse climate conditions; --Climate influences on automobile purchase, maintenance, and insurance; --The frequency and cost of air travel in the allowance areas and the use of Los Angeles for comparison in the measurement of air fares; --Transportation alternatives (e.g., bus, train, subway) available in the Washington, DC, area that are not available or are limited in the allowance areas; --House size, selection, necessary features, purchase price, storage needs, and maintenance as determined by climate and availability; --The additional need for travel, lodging, and out-of-pocket expenses for quality medical care in the allowance areas; --Recreational expenses in the allowance areas; and --Out-of-area colleges and quality of local schools. OPM has committed itself to two major initiatives that it believes will serve as a forum for examining many of the concerns raised by the commenters and lead to significant improvements in the COLA survey process. These two initiatives are discussed below. Safe Harbor Process and Report to Congress OPM has entered into a memorandum of understanding with litigants in the cases of Alaniz v. Office of Personnel Management and Karamatsu v. United States that commits OPM and the plaintiffs to a ``Safe Harbor'' process for conducting studies relating to the COLA program and the compensation of Federal employees in the allowance areas. The purpose is to resolve issues that have long been contended in the COLA program and to assist OPM as it prepares its report to Congress on the COLA program, which is required by the Treasury, Postal Service, and General Government Appropriations Act, 1992 (Public Law 102-141), as amended. That report is currently due by March 1, 1998. OPM anticipates that the studies will examine many of the issues raised by the comments on the Summer 1994 and Winter 1995 survey reports and will produce a number of valuable recommendations for improving the COLA program. COLA Partnership OPM has established a pilot project to involve agencies and employee representatives directly in a partnership to help plan and conduct COLA surveys, explore ways to improve the COLA program, and to help everyone, including OPM, better understand issues related to the compensation of Federal employees in the COLA areas. (Final regulations for the pilot project were published on November 21, 1996, at 61 FR 59173.) Under the 2-year pilot project, five partnership committees are being formed--one each in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Regulations also allow for the formation of subcommittees in [[Page 14191]] the individual allowance areas. Committee functions are expected to include: --Advising and assisting OPM in planning living-cost surveys; --Observing data collection during the surveys; --Advising and assisting OPM in the review of survey data; --Advising OPM on the COLA program, including survey methodology and other compensation issues relating to the allowance areas; --Assisting OPM in the dissemination of information to affected employees about the living-cost surveys and the COLA program. As with the studies being conducted for OPM's report to Congress, we anticipate that the committees may examine some of the issues raised by the comments on the Summer 1994 and Winter 1995 survey reports and will produce valuable recommendations for improving the COLA program. Impact of COLA Changes As with previous reports, most of the commenters were Federal employees concerned about the impact of deep reductions in COLA rates. They cited various financial commitments, such as home purchase, that were made assuming COLA rates would be relatively stable. Several commenters thought that significant reductions would have an adverse effect on the local economy of the allowance area and that significant reductions would cause recruitment and retention problems. As noted earlier, Public Law 102-141, as amended, prohibits OPM from reducing COLA rates through December 31, 1998. General Comments A number of commenters maintained that the salary averages used for the surveys did not consider other sources of income besides General Schedule salaries. They believe this resulted in an artificially low salary average, especially for the Washington, DC, area. OPM uses the General Schedule average salaries because it is the predominant pay system for employees in the allowance areas and in the Washington, DC, area. The COLA is a percentage of Federal pay, not total family income. Therefore, OPM believes the approach used is appropriate. However, the number of income levels used in the COLA model and the dollar amounts assigned to those income levels are subjects that may be researched further. A few commenters asked whether OPM adjusted the calculations of the percent of General Schedule workforce in each income group in each area to reflect special rates or shift differentials. OPM included special rates because special rates are one type of basic pay, and the COLA is paid as a percentage of basic pay. OPM did not include premium pay, such as shift differentials, because these are not part of basic pay. Several commenters felt the COLA program should take into consideration the hardships endured in some of the allowance areas. OPM believes the COLA model adequately measures differences in monetary costs due to conditions in the allowance areas, although improvements and refinements in the model may be possible. For example, OPM is researching certain additional items, particularly those that might be purchased more frequently in remote areas. These items include air transportation, out-of-area college and university education, and extraordinary medical expenses. OPM is looking at ways the tangible cost of these items might be included in the COLA model and plans to address this issue in its report to Congress. OPM believes, however, that employees are compensated for nonmonetary factors such as hardship and inconvenience under the post differential program and that such factors should not be covered under the COLA program. A few commenters objected to the inclusion of sales taxes in the COLA model. The commenters argued that it would also be necessary to compare the level of Government services available in each area. OPM disagrees. The effect on living costs of any differences in the levels of Government services attributable to differences in sales tax revenues is probably not measurable. Sales tax, on the other hand, is a recognizable consumer expense. Therefore, OPM believes it is appropriate to include sales tax in the prices of the items it surveys. Several commenters felt that some of the field researchers should be Federal employees. They believe non-Federal employees have a desire to cut Federal pay, which they view as a conflict of interest. OPM does not believe there was such a bias, and both OPM and Runzheimer utilized a number of quality assurance procedures, including callbacks and close data review, to assure that the prices collected were accurate. OPM also notes that, under the COLA partnership pilot project, data will be collected by Federal employees from the Washington, DC, area with observers from the COLA areas. Therefore, beginning with the 1997 surveys, non-Federal field researchers will not be involved in the survey process. Some commenters believe more data should be collected directly from Federal employees. OPM notes that it has collected data directly from Federal employees in the past and may explore this issue with the COLA partnership committees and under the MOU Safe Harbor process. OPM anticipates addressing this as part of its report to Congress. Several commenters stated that OPM should publish additional survey data (e.g., outlets surveyed, basic price data) in the report. Publishing this volume of information is not practical and would make the report too cumbersome and complex. A few commenters noted that the date appearing at the top of the Federal Register pages containing the Winter report read ``1994'' instead of ``1996.'' This was a printer's error. Some commenters want OPM to consider higher non-Federal pay when setting COLA rates. The law bases COLA's on living costs, not pay levels. It also specifically bars payment of locality pay in the COLA areas. Therefore, OPM cannot take into consideration higher non-Federal pay in the COLA areas. Several commenters contend that the COLA calculations should account for locality pay received in the Washington, DC, area. OPM recognizes that General Schedule employees in the Washington, DC, area receive a locality pay adjustment under 5 U.S.C. 5304. Whether this adjustment should be considered in the calculation of COLA's is an issue OPM plans to address in its report to Congress. Some commenters think Federal employees in the Washington, DC, area are overgraded and that COLA's should be increased to account for this overgrading. Grade levels vary among areas and may be higher on average in the DC area because of the nature of the work typically performed in this area. If it is found that overgrading is a problem in any area, including the DC area, the solution is to properly classify the positions--not to adjust pay or allowances. Many commenters suggested that OPM use data published by the American Chamber of Commerce Researchers Association (ACCRA). ACCRA does not publish living-cost comparisons for all of the COLA areas, nor does the ACCRA methodology conform with OPM's regulations, which were developed subsequent to the settlement of Hector Arana, et al., v. United States. Therefore, OPM does not use ACCRA data. Several commenters suggested a need to survey more than once a year. As OPM stated in an earlier Federal Register notice (60 FR 46749), OPM does not believe there is significant [[Page 14192]] seasonal variation in relative prices for most local consumer items in the allowance areas compared to those in the Washington, DC, area. There is evidence of seasonal variation in some prices, such as hotel and motel lodging, but these are not typical local consumer items. There is also seasonal variation in the prices of other items, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, but that kind of variation is seen in both the allowance areas and in the Washington, DC, area. Therefore, relative price differences do not change significantly by season. For this reason and because COLA surveys are costly and can be a public burden, OPM does not believe it is appropriate to conduct COLA surveys more frequently. Some commenters objected to OPM's practice of making changes in the model based on comments received without an additional comment period to review the changes. They also requested that OPM forgo making changes in the methodology while the joint research effort is under way. During the Safe Harbor process and the COLA partnership pilot project, OPM plans generally to avoid making substantive policy changes in the COLA program and, instead, wait until after OPM has completed its research, received public comment on it, and delivered its report to Congress. This does not mean that OPM will make no changes, and certainly there are administrative changes relating to survey coverage that must be made for each survey. However, the reader will note that OPM has made relatively few changes in this year's surveys compared with the previous surveys. Overall Living Cost Model A number of commenters stated that Washington, DC, should not be the base area for comparisons of living costs. They believe a less expensive area should be used. OPM is required by law to use the Washington, DC, area as the base for living-cost comparisons. Some commenters felt that local spending patterns should be used in pricing consumption goods and services. To compare living costs between areas, OPM assigned a common set of weights to each item, category, and component. These weights reflect how consumers spend their money and were used to derive comparative indexes measuring overall living costs. OPM used Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) nationwide Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES) data for these weights. As discussed in the report, the COLA model uses an indexing methodology. As the report also notes, it would be preferable to use Washington, DC, consumer expenditure data. Washington, DC, CES data, however, are not available by income level, and OPM regulations require measurement of living costs at multiple income levels. On the other hand, nationwide CES data are arrayed by income level. Therefore, OPM used these data in the COLA model. CES data are also available for Honolulu and Anchorage; but as with the Washington, DC, data, the Honolulu and Anchorage data are not available by income level. BLS CES data are not available for any other nonforeign area, and OPM knows of no other source of comprehensive consumer expenditure information by income level suitable for use in the COLA model. Therefore, the use of local weights is not practical. Commenters also suggested that OPM explore the use of cross- weighted measures, such as Fisher's ideal index. Since cross-weighted indexes use local area weights as well as reference area weights, the use of these approaches would face the same problems as would the use of local weights alone (as is described above). However, the type of measurement used and the source of CES data may also be topics for further research. Goods and Services Component A number of commenters cited the lack of locally available goods and services, and many commenters said that they had to purchase items by catalog. OPM included catalog prices for selected items in the surveys. Additional costs of shipping and excise taxes were added to the catalog pricing where applicable. A number of commenters felt that the surveys should recognize that allowance area employees purchase goods and services that are either not needed in the Washington, DC, area or are needed less frequently. Generally, the COLA model compares the cost of an item in an allowance area with the cost for the same item in the DC area. OPM believes this is consistent with the settlement of Arana, in which the plaintiffs asked that OPM adopt a methodology that compared specified brands, models, and sizes whenever possible. Nevertheless, the COLA model does reflect some differences between areas. For example, the model assumes that cars in Alaska have certain accessories, such as engine block heaters, that are not common in the DC area. Also, differences in home construction (e.g., triple-pane windows and greater wall insulation common in Alaska) are included in the model to the extent that these differences are reflected in real estate prices. OPM anticipates researching related issues and plans to address them in its report to Congress. A number of commenters felt that the surveys should recognize that there are a limited number of restaurant choices in the allowance areas as compared with the Washington, DC, area. The surveys measure this indirectly to the extent that restaurant prices reflect competition. The commenters also felt that high quality local restaurants and foods should be surveyed. The comparison of non-chain restaurants is difficult and would seem to be inconsistent with Arana. Some commenters believe more brands and models of items should be surveyed. As described in section 2.4.1 of the report, items to be surveyed are identified according to their importance in terms of consumer expenditures. OPM surveys nearly 200 representative items and believes these adequately reflect typical consumer expenditures. Housing Component A number of commenters objected to the inclusion of historical housing data in the surveys. The commenters objected to the use of these data because they believe (1) the resulting allowance would compensate employees for historical rather than current living costs, (2) the weights used to combine the data were from a limited demographic profile (i.e., the 1992/93 Federal Employee Housing and Living-Patterns Survey), and (3) much of the historical home price data were from living communities outside the area where COLA recipients reside. Historical housing data are based on purchase prices and interest rates over a 10-year period. We first used these data in the summer 1994 surveys; however, we had stated our intention to do so in earlier Federal Register notices on the COLA program. (See 55 FR 1372 and 57 FR 58559.) The reason OPM uses historical data is that relatively few Federal employees purchase a home in any given year. By using home sale prices and interest rates gathered over a 10-year period, the COLA model better emulates the typical Federal employee's housing expenses than if only the current year's purchase information were used. OPM believes its use of the results of the 1992/93 Federal Employee Housing and Living Patterns Survey is appropriate. OPM received over 16,000 responses to the employee survey from the allowance areas. Although in a universe survey such as this, there is always the potential for a nonresponse bias, we find the results concerning home tenure to be reasonable when compared with data from other sources [[Page 14193]] such as Census data and data published by the Chicago Title and Trust Company. Therefore, we believe it is appropriate to use the weights derived from the employee survey to combine housing cost data. As one commenter noted, some of the historical housing data came from communities that are no longer surveyed. Although we made changes in 1994 in response to employee suggestions and in light of the employee survey results, we believe our earlier community selections were appropriate. For example, we previously included Mililani Town in our Honolulu surveys. Mililani Town was the most frequent place of residence reported in the employee survey. Because of limited survey resources, we dropped Mililani Town (and others) in order to survey communities in and closer to Honolulu, as suggested by comments on the results of the 1993 living-cost surveys. It would be a mistake, however, to say that places such as Mililani Town are not representative of where Federal employees live, and we believe it is reasonable to use historical data from such communities. Although it might be possible to collect historical data only for those communities now surveyed, we do not believe this is necessary or desirable. Community changes were made in many survey areas, including the Washington, DC, area. Additional historical housing data would have to be collected in each of these areas, and this would be costly and burdensome to the public. Even so, we believe the final living-cost comparisons for the allowance areas would remain essentially unchanged because similar changes in community selection also were made in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area, again using the results of the employee survey. Some commenters suggested that using the employee survey results to select housing communities violated the agreement in Arana because COLA area employees live in undesirable neighborhoods as a result of low COLA rates. Other commenters suggested that housing communities selected in Anchorage were inappropriate because many employees live outside of the survey area. OPM believes it is appropriate to use both the results of the employee survey and a methodology that compares the costs of housing of similar sizes and in similar communities among the various diverse areas covered by the surveys. However, we anticipate that the housing methodology, community selection, and housing characteristics will be subjects of study during the MOU Safe Harbor process and among the issues considered by the COLA Partnership Committees. Several commenters stated that the housing costs in Anchorage were not accurate and provided other data that showed higher median values. OPM's contractor obtained the prices for houses that met specified profile characteristics (e.g., size) for lower, middle, and upper income levels. These prices were collected from real estate professionals and various listing services. The data provided by the commenters did not sufficiently identify the characteristics of the sold houses for OPM to evaluate effectively these data relative to the data that OPM's contractor reported. Several commenters said that climate conditions (such as high humidity, high rainfall, sunlight intensity, airborne salt, snow, and cold weather) resulted in more frequent and higher home maintenance costs in the allowance areas than in the Washington, DC, area. OPM has conducted some preliminary studies of these issues, anticipates researching them further, and plans to provide the results in its report to Congress. Several commenters noted that most Alaskan houses have ``Arctic entrances'' for the removal of coats and boots, and felt that the surveys should take this into consideration. The home purchase price data collected reflect local home sales and include the cost of any special features common to dwellings in each area. Several commenters noted that military troops are provided a housing allowance and felt that civilian employees should receive the same. The law does not provide a separate housing allowance for civilian Federal employees. However, as described in the report, relative differences in housing costs between the allowance areas and the Washington, DC, area are taken into consideration in determining COLA rates. A few commenters suggested that long-distance telephone calculations be based on the local time of the call. OPM based this calculation on the time the call was received on the assumption that most long distance callers timed their calls for the convenience of the receiver rather than the caller. Moreover, making the opposite assumption could have resulted in some anomalies. For example, a long distance call placed at 8 p.m. in Honolulu would be received in New York at 1 or 2 a.m. Transportation Component A number of commenters stated that private transportation costs are greater in the allowance areas because of the high cost of automobiles and increased auto maintenance resulting from poor roads, rough terrain, salt air, and harsh weather. Many also felt that automobile insurance premiums are higher in the allowance areas. The COLA model takes into consideration automobile purchase price, maintenance, insurance, and depreciation. Purchase costs and insurance are based on price data obtained in each area. Maintenance is also based on local price data, and the model assumes that certain types of maintenance occur more frequently in the allowance areas than in the DC area. For example, the model assumes that tires wear out faster in the allowance areas than in the Washington, DC, area, and that tires have to be purchased more frequently in the allowance areas. The model also includes the severe driving maintenance schedule for the allowance areas and the standard schedule for the Washington, DC, area. Depreciation is based on the difference between the new car value and the value of the car 4 years later, as reflected in popular guides such as the National Automobile Dealers Association Official Used Car Guide and the Kelly Blue Book. The model assumes that used car prices are constant among areas, except in Fairbanks and Nome. Since new car prices are typically higher in the allowance areas, this assumption translates into a typically higher depreciation rate for new cars in the allowance areas relative to the DC area. For Fairbanks and Nome, the model uses 90 percent of the used car value to reflect an even higher depreciation cost related to increased wear in these areas caused by the severe climate. A number of commenters think that OPM should have used negotiated prices in its survey of new cars. These same commenters also believe used car prices should be included in the surveys. As stated in the report, it is not feasible to collect information on negotiated prices. Negotiated prices are influenced by factors such as negotiating skills, timing, and dealer overstock, and we expect that dealers would be reluctant to disclose what they would accept as the final purchase price for the vehicles surveyed. Likewise, OPM believes it highly unlikely that OPM could price comparable used cars, in terms of make, model and condition, in each of the allowance areas and in the Washington, DC, area. Therefore, as stated in the report, OPM does not survey the price of used cars. Many commenters felt that pick-up trucks and four-wheel drive vehicles should be priced, especially for the [[Page 14194]] Alaska surveys. As stated in the report, OPM surveys the cost of owning and operating a four-wheel drive Chevy Blazer, which is a ``utility'' vehicle. OPM believes the vehicles currently surveyed are adequate for measuring price differences for new vehicles. Several commenters raised issues related to mass transportation systems (e.g., bus, train, subway), which are limited or not available in the allowance areas. As explained in the report, OPM does not survey municipal mass transportation. The cost of bus, train, subway, or taxi service is not part of the surveys because the service available in many allowance areas is not comparable to the service available in the DC area. Instead, OPM compares the cost of round-trip airfares from the allowance areas with the cost of round-trip airfares from the Washington, DC, area to the same destinations. A number of commenters objected to the selection of Los Angeles as the common destination point for comparing airfares. They stated that the Los Angeles routes are highly competitive, which results in lower fares compared with other destinations, and that Los Angeles is not typical of flight destinations from the allowance areas. For the 1996 surveys, OPM included additional travel destinations. There are now six destinations for which airfares from the allowance areas and the Washington, DC, area are collected: Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Seattle, and St. Louis. Some commenters stated that the model did not measure true air transportation costs. The commenters stated that inter-island travel, travel within Alaska, and travel to the contiguous 48 States requires more frequent use of air transportation. The current model assumes that the typical Federal employee puts 15,000 miles per year on a car, but many Federal employees in the allowance areas may drive less than that, particularly in some of the smaller allowance areas. On the other hand, these employees may fly more frequently. If so, it may be appropriate to make adjustments in the COLA model to reflect these differences. OPM plans to study further the issue of transportation costs by mode of transportation for its report to Congress. Miscellaneous Component A number of commenters felt that the medical expense portion of the Miscellaneous Component fails to reflect the higher out-of-pocket expenses that Federal employees in the allowance areas frequently incur. The commenters cited several possible causes for this, including higher costs not covered by insurance carriers, the absence of health maintenance organizations in several allowance areas, and the need to travel outside the area to obtain some medical services. OPM is researching health cost issues and plans to include the results of its research in its report to Congress. One commenter stated that employees in the allowance areas have to save at a higher rate to afford the down payment for a house or car or to pay for college/university education. The commenter said that OPM should take this into consideration and use the Goods and Services Component index to adjust the amount of money saved relative to Washington, DC. As noted in the report, savings made for the purpose of future purchases of housing, durable goods, and similar items are accounted for in the category or component weight associated with the item. The commenter also stated that the COLA model should take into consideration the fact that COLA's do not count towards retirement. The commenter believes Federal employees have to invest at a higher rate in pensions and other savings vehicles to afford to retire in the allowance areas. Under sections 8331(3) and 8401(4) of title 5, United States Code, allowances (including COLA's) are explicitly excluded from basic pay in the computation of Federal annuities under the Civil Service Retirement System and the Federal Employees' Retirement System. OPM believes it would be inappropriate to adjust COLA rates to take into consideration that which the law has specifically excluded. Therefore, OPM does not plan to adopt this recommendation at this time but plans to address it in its report to Congress. Office of Personnel Management. James B. King, Director. Table of Contents Executive Summary 1. Introduction 1.1 Report Objectives 1.2 Changes in This Year's Survey 1.3 Pricing Period 2. The COLA Model 2.1 Measurement of Living-Cost Differences 2.2 Step 1: Identifying the Target Population 2.2.1 Federal Salaries 2.2.2 Federal Employment Weights 2.3 Step 2: Estimating How People Spend Their Money 2.3.1 Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES) 2.3.2 Expenditure Categories and Components 2.4 Step 3: Selecting Items and Outlets 2.4.1 Item Selections--The Market Basket 2.4.2 Geographic Coverage and Outlet Selection 2.4.2.1 Geographic Areas 2.4.2.2 Similarity of Outlets 2.4.2.3 Catalog Pricing 2.5 Step 4: Surveying Prices 2.5.1 Runzheimer Data Collection 2.5.2 Data Collection Materials 2.5.3 Inclusion of Sales and Excise Taxes 2.5.4 Runzheimer's Onsite Visits 2.5.5 Surveying the Washington, DC, Area 2.6 Step 5: Analyzing Data and Computing Indexes 2.6.1 Indexes and Weights 2.6.1.1 Indexes 2.6.1.2 Item Weights 2.6.1.3 Category and Component Weights 2.6.2 Computing the Overall Index 3. Consumption Goods and Services 3.1 Categories and Category Weights 3.2 Goods and Services Survey Results 3.2.1 Exchange and Commissary Expenditure Research 4. Housing 4.1 Component Overview 4.2 Housing Model 4.2.1 Expenditure Research 4.2.2 Housing Profiles 4.2.3 Living Community Selection 4.2.4 Housing-Related Expenses 4.2.4.1 Utilities 4.2.4.2 Real Estate Taxes 4.2.4.3 Owners/Renters Insurance 4.2.4.4 Home Maintenance 4.2.4.5 Telephone Expenses 4.3 Housing Data Collection Procedures 4.3.1 Homeowner Data Collection 4.3.2 Renter Data Collection 4.4 Housing Analysis 4.4.1 Homeowner Data Analysis 4.4.2 Rental Data Analysis 4.5 Housing Survey Results 5. Transportation 5.1 Component Overview 5.2 Private Transportation Methodology 5.2.1 Vehicle Selection and Pricing 5.2.2 Vehicle Trade Cycle 5.2.3 Fuel Performance and Type 5.2.3.1 Impact of Temperature upon Fuel Performance 5.2.3.2 Impact of Road Surface upon Fuel Performance 5.2.3.3 Impact of Gradient Upon Fuel Performance 5.2.3.4 Overall Impact upon Fuel Performance 5.2.4 Vehicle Maintenance 5.2.5 Tires 5.2.6 License and Registration Fees and Miscellaneous Taxes 5.2.7 Depreciation 5.2.8 Finance Expense 5.2.9 Vehicle Insurance 5.2.10 Overall Annual Costs 5.3 Other Transportation Costs--Air Fares 5.4 Transportation Component Analyses 6. Miscellaneous Expenses 6.1 Component Overview 6.2 Component Weights 6.3 Component Categories 6.3.1 Medical Expense Category 6.3.2 Contributions Category 6.3.3 Personal Insurance and Retirement Category 6.4 Miscellaneous Expense Analyses 7. Final Results [[Page 14195]] 7.1 Total Comparative Cost Indexes List of Appendices Appendix 1:Publication in the Federal Register of Results of Nonforeign Area Living-Cost Surveys: 1990--1996 Appendix 2: Federal Employment Weights Appendix 3: Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES) Item Expenditures Appendix 4: CES Category and Component Expenditures Appendix 5: Item Descriptions Appendix 6: Principal Pricing Changes Appendix 7: OMB-Approved Survey Materials Appendix 8: Consumption Goods and Services Analysis and Summary Appendix 9: OPM Living Community List Appendix 10: Historical Home Market Values and Interest Rates Appendix 11: Historical Housing Data Appendix 12: Rental Data Analyses Appendix 13: Housing Cost Analysis Appendix 14: Housing Summary Appendix 15: Private Transportation Cost Analysis Appendix 16: Auto Insurance Calculation Worksheet Appendix 17: Air Fares Cost Analysis Appendix 18: Transportation Analysis Appendix 19: Transportation Summary Appendix 20: Miscellaneous Expense Analysis--Category Index Development Appendix 21: Miscellaneous Expense Summary Appendix 22: Component Expenditures Appendix 23: Final Indexes Executive Summary Cost-of-living allowances (COLA's) are paid to Federal employees in nonforeign areas in consideration of living costs higher than in the Washington, DC, area. OPM conducts living costs surveys in order to set the COLA rates. This report provides the results of the 1996 living- cost surveys and compares living costs in nonforeign COLA areas to those in the Washington, DC, area. Survey data were collected for the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) by Runzheimer International under contract OPM- 95-97012. Runzheimer is a Wisconsin-based firm specializing in cost-of-living information. The contract required Runzheimer to survey living costs in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Washington, DC, area. OPM analyzed the survey data and produced this report. For this study, approximately 2,800 outlets were contacted and more than 20,000 prices collected on about 200 items representing typical consumer purchases. These data were then combined by OPM using consumer expenditure information developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The final result of the study is a series of living-cost indexes, shown in the table below, that compare living costs in the allowance areas to those in the Washington, DC, area. The index for the DC area (not shown) is 100.00 because it is, by definition, the reference area. Table E-1.--Final Cost Comparison Indexes ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Allowance area Index ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Anchorage, Alaska............................................. 104.84 Fairbanks, Alaska............................................. 109.90 Juneau, Alaska................................................ 110.57 The rest of the State of Alaska............................... 129.24 City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii........................... 121.95 Hawaii County, Hawaii......................................... 111.89 Kauai County, Hawaii.......................................... 121.36 Maui County, Hawaii........................................... 119.53 Guam/CNMI*, Local Retail...................................... 121.88 Guam/CNMI, Commissary/Exchange................................ 116.06 Puerto Rico................................................... 102.01 U.S. Virgin Islands........................................... 119.25 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ *CNMI=Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands 1. Introduction 1.1 Report Objectives This report provides the results of the February 1996 surveys. A listing of earlier reports that provided the results of previous surveys is shown in Appendix 1. The analyses show the comparative living-cost differences between the Washington, DC, area and the allowance areas listed below. By law, Washington, DC, is the base or ``reference'' area for the nonforeign area cost-of-living allowance (COLA) program. 1. Anchorage, Alaska 2. Fairbanks, Alaska 3. Juneau, Alaska 4. The rest of the State of Alaska 5. City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii 6. Hawaii County, Hawaii 7. Kauai County, Hawaii 8. Maui County, Hawaii 9. Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) 10.Puerto Rico 11.U.S. Virgin Islands 1.2 Changes in This Year's Survey This year OPM contracted with Runzheimer International to collect price data. In previous surveys, most of the analyses of the data were performed by the contractor. This year, OPM performed all analyses. Appendix 6 lists the other major changes made for this survey relative to the previous survey. Among the key changes were the following: --Airline fares to Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, and St. Louis were surveyed. Previously, only fares to Los Angeles were surveyed. --Several new survey items were added, including charge card annual fees, charge card finance charges, funeral services, motor scooters, personal water crafts, and parcel post fees. (Also see appendix 6.) --The living community of Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, was removed from the survey. 1.3 Pricing Period The prices were collected in the allowance areas and in the Washington, DC, area in February 1996. As with the previous surveys, the prices of some items--those dependent upon the pricing of other items--were collected slightly later (e.g., in March 1996). In addition, individual item prices not meeting OPM's and Runzheimer's quality control procedures were resurveyed in April and used to verify or replace the original prices. As done in previous surveys, some catalog sales were included in the survey. Only catalogs that sell merchandise in both the allowance areas and the Washington, DC, area were used. To ensure consistent seasonal catalog pricing, winter catalogs were used for all catalog items surveyed. 2. The COLA Model 2.1 Measurement of Living-Cost Differences The COLA model measures living-cost differences between the allowance areas and the Washington, DC, area by selecting representative items that people purchase in these locations, calculating their respective cost differences, and combining them according to their importance to each other (as measured by relative percentage of expenditures). This involves the following major steps: Step 1: Identify the segment of the population for which the analysis is targeted (i.e., typical Federal white-collar employees). Step 2: Estimate how these people spend their money. Step 3: Select items to represent the types of expenditures people usually make and outlets at which people typically make purchases for each selected item. Step 4: Conduct pricing surveys of the selected items in each area. Step 5: Compute price ratios for the surveyed items and aggregate them according to the relative importance of each item. 2.2 Step 1: Identifying the Target Population The study estimates living-cost differences for typical Federal white- [[Page 14196]] collar employees who have annual base salaries between approximately $12,000 and $88,000, the range of the General Schedule. Because living costs may vary depending on an employee's income level, living costs are analyzed at three income levels. 2.2.1 Federal Salaries To determine the appropriate income levels, OPM analyzed the 1995 distribution of salaries for General Schedule employees in all of the allowance areas combined. OPM divided this distribution into three income groups of equal size and identi fied the minimum, maximum, and median salary in each group. The median values were then rounded to the nearest $100 to produce the three representative income levels of $21,600, $32,900, and $50,300. OPM compared living costs at each of these three income levels to produce three sets of estimated expenditures for each allowance area and for the Washington, DC, area. OPM combined these estimated expenditures into a single overall index for each allowance area using the employment weights described below. 2.2.2 Federal Employment Weights OPM used the minimum and maximum values of each income group and the 1995 distribution of General Schedule employees by salary in each allowance area to derive employment weights. These were combined with similar data from 1993 and 1994 to produce a relatively stable moving average. (OPM introduced moving averages last year to lessen the impact of new data.) From these averages, OPM calculated the percentage of the General Schedule workforce in each income group in each area. These percentages were the weights used to combine estimated expenditures to compute the final index. Appendix 2 shows the General Schedule employment distributions and how the percentage weights were derived. Appendix 23 shows how the weights were used in the final calculations. 2.3 Step 2: Estimating How People Spend Their Money 2.3.1 Consumer Expenditure Survey Expenditure patterns used in the calculations are based on national data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES). OPM obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics ``prepublished'' CES results for 1991, 1992, and 1994. The Bureau of Labor Statistics has advised OPM that ``prepublished'' CES data may not be statistically significant. To OPM's knowledge, however, it is the only source of comprehensive consumer expenditure information by income level. Therefore, it is used in the model. CES data are used in two ways: to identify appropriate items for the survey and to derive item, category, and component weights. The item weights are not income-sensitive. Aggregated CES data are analyzed by income level to derive category and component weights. These weights are income-sensitive. The CES data used in this study are shown in Appendices 3 and 4. As with the Federal employment weights, the 3 years of CES data were combined to produce a relatively stable moving average. 2.3.2 Expenditure Categories and Components The CES is grouped into small, logical families of items. For example, pre-published data for beef are grouped into four subcategories: ground beef, roast, steak and other. The steak and roast groupings were further separated into smaller clusters of items (e.g., sirloin and round steak, chuck and round roast). OPM separated the CES items into the four main cost components specified in OPM's regulations: Consumption Goods and Services, Transportation, Housing, and Miscellaneous Expenses. To develop weighting patterns for the three income levels, OPM performed linear regression analyses on the CES data shown in Appendix 3.\1\ These analyses produced estimated expenditures at the three income levels identified in section 2.2.1 above. OPM converted these expenditures to percentages of total expenditures for the four components to produce the values shown in the table below. These were the weights used to combine the expenditures for each of the components into an overall value for each income level in each allowance area and the Washington, DC, area. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\The midpoint of the moving average of CES data was 1992. Therefore, for the purposes of these regressions, OPM adjusted Federal salaries to reflect 1992 pay rates. OPM used the pay increases for 1993 (3.7%), 1994 (0.0%) and 1995 (2.0%), to deflate the 1995 salaries. This produced adjusted Federal salaries of $20,400, $31,100, and $47,550 for use in the regression equations. Table 2-1.--Component Expenses Expressed as a Percentage of Total Expenses ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1992 adjusted Goods and Housing Transportation Misc. Total 1995 income level income services (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) level* (percent) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $21,600........................ $20,400 39.62 25.72 18.48 16.18 100.00 32,900......................... 31,100 38.97 24.46 18.22 18.35 100.00 50,300......................... 47,550 38.37 23.28 17.98 20.37 100.00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Income levels are adjusted as described in footnote 1. (Values may not total because of rounding.) Goods and Services Component items were further separated into ten categories, and linear regression techniques were used to estimate expenditures on these ten categories by income level. The weights for these categories are shown in section 3.1. The same technique was also used to compute category weights for the Transportation and Miscellaneous Components and to produce ratios of renters to homeowners at each income level. 2.4 Step 3: Selecting Items and Outlets 2.4.1 Item Selections--The Market Basket As noted above, CES items were grouped into ``clusters'' of expenses to determine which items to survey. These clusters were chosen so that no market basket item would have an overwhelmingly large or an insignificantly small item weight. For each of these clusters, a set of items to price was identified. Collectively, these items are called a ``market basket.'' Because it would have been impractical to survey all of the thousands of items consumers might buy, the market basket contains representative items, such as cheddar cheese, that represents itself and the many other related items that [[Page 14197]] consumers purchase (e.g., edam, gouda, jack, swiss, etc). The market basket that OPM and Runzheimer used had approximately 200 items ranging from table salt to new cars to home purchases. Whenever practical, the item description included the exact brand, model, type, and size, so that exactly the same items could be priced in all areas if possible. For example, a 10.5-ounce can of Campbell's vegetable soup was selected for the survey because it is representative of canned and packaged soups, is a commonly-purchased brand, and is found in all areas. Appendix 5 provides a list of the items surveyed and their descriptions. Changes in the item list and descriptions are an important aspect of the COLA survey. These changes are necessary to improve the survey and keep the item descriptions current. For this survey, several of the items or descriptions were changed. The major changes and the reasons for each are listed in Appendix 6. 2.4.2 Geographic Coverage and Outlet Selection Just as it is important to select commonly-purchased items and survey the same items in all areas, it is important to select outlets frequented by consumers and find equivalent outlets in all areas. This involves deciding which geographic areas to survey and which outlets to survey within these geographic areas. 2.4.2.1 Geographic Areas For some areas, the choice of which area(s) to survey was obvious. In Nome, for example, the whole city is surveyed because Nome is a small city, and Federal employees live throug hout the city. For other areas, specific communities had to be identified. To do this, OPM used the results of the 1992 Federal Employee Housing and Living Patterns Survey. Among other things, that survey obtained information on where Federal employees lived. OPM used this information to select the living communities in which housing costs were priced. Runzheimer then identified outlets within a normal shopping radius of these housing communities. Outlets within a living community or within an adjoining living community were generally considered to be within a normal shopping radius. 2.4.2.2 Similarity of Outlets Whenever possible, Runzheimer selected popular outlets that were comparable to outlets in other areas. For example, Runzheimer surveyed the price of grocery items at supermarkets in all areas because most people purchase their groceries at such stores and because supermarkets are found in nearly all areas.\2\ The selection of comparable outlets is particularly important because comparing the prices of items purchased at dissimilar outlets would be inappropriate (e.g., comparing the price of a box of cereal at a supermarket with one sold at a convenience store). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\In the Washington, DC, area, Runzheimer surveyed groceries at two kinds of supermarkets (i.e., full-service supermarkets and ``warehouse-type'' supermarkets) because both types of supermarkets are common in this area. Runzheimer did not survey ``warehouse- type'' supermarkets in any other area because they are relatively uncommon and probably not well frequented by Federal employees. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Although major supermarkets, department stores, and discount stores represented a sizable portion of the survey, outlets were also selected to represent the diversity of consumer shopping options. For example, department stores could have been used for pricing all clothing items surveyed. However, this would not have reflected the range of consumer choices. Therefore, some clothing items were priced in men's and women's clothing stores, other clothing items in department stores, others in shoe stores, and still others in discount stores. For each item, the same type of outlet (e.g., clothing store, discount store, department store) was selected in each area whenever possible. 2.4.2.3 Catalog Pricing A limited amount of catalog pricing was included in the survey to reflect this common purchasing option. Eleven item prices were surveyed by catalog. Catalog pricing allowed the comparison of comparable items that would have been difficult to price otherwise. All catalog prices included any charges for shipping and handling and all applicable taxes. 2.5 Step 4: Surveying Prices As noted earlier, Runzheimer obtained over 20,000 prices on about 200 items from approximately 2,800 outlets. In each survey area, Runzheimer was required to get at least three price quotes for each item, if practical. There were certain exception items. For example, essentially all of the available home sales and rental data meeting the survey specifications were obtained. For other items, such as utilities and real estate tax rates, only one quote was obtained in each area because these items have uniform rates within an area. Because the Washington, DC, area has six survey communities, Runzheimer was required to get at least 18 price quotes for most items in this area, if practical. 2.5.1 Runzheimer Data Collection Most of the price data were collected onsite by Runzheimer's Research Associates (RA's). The RA's were independent contractors hired by Runzheimer to visit retail outlets in each area and collect prices. All of these RA's were residents of the area. To avoid any real or perceived conflicts of interest, Runzheimer refrained from hiring research associates who were either employees of the Federal Government or who had immediate family members who were employees of the Federal Government. Runzheimer also collected price data by telephone and through on- line computer services. In addition, Runzheimer performed numerous quality control checks, often verifying survey data through telephone calls and comparing current data-gathering results with those from earlier surveys. 2.5.2 Data Collection Materials The living-cost surveys conform with the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act and are approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The OMB-approved survey collection materials are found in Appendix 7. All Runzheimer-developed worksheets or other survey materials conformed with those approved by OMB. 2.5.3 Inclusion of Sales and Excise Taxes For all items subject to sales and/or excise taxes, the appropriate amount of tax was added prior to analysis. Runzheimer gathered applicable information on taxes by contacting appropriate sources of information in the allowance areas and the Washington, DC, area. 2.5.4 Runzheimer's Onsite Visits Full-time Runzheimer research professionals traveled to each allowance area to supervise data collection activities and perform various quality control checks as necessary. These visits all occurred during the pricing period so that these professionals could answer any of the RA's data collection questions or provide additional training and instruction if necessary. The researchers visited living communities within the allow ance areas to look at housing and to talk with local real estate professionals. They also visited numerous retail outlets to verify that comparable items were being priced at comparable outlets. In addition, they [[Page 14198]] obtained general information about the local economy. 2.5.5 Surveying the Washington, DC, Area As noted earlier, Runzheimer was required to get more price quotes in the DC area than in the allowance areas because of the size and diversity of the DC metropolitan area and because DC is the basis for all comparisons. For the purposes of the COLA surveys, the DC area was divided into six survey areas: two in the District of Columbia, two in Maryland, and two in Virginia. The outlets surveyed were within a normal shopping radius of the housing communities identified in Appendix 9. Survey data from each of the six DC survey areas were combined using equal weights. 2.6 Step 5: Analyzing Data and Computing Indexes 2.6.1 Indexes and Weights 2.6.1.1 Indexes Nonforeign area COLA's are derived from the living-cost indexes. These indexes are mathematical comparisons of living costs in the allowance areas compared with living costs in the Washington, DC, area. An index is a way to state the difference between two prices (or sets of prices). For example, if a can of corn costs $1.00 in the allowance area and 80 cents in the DC area, canned corn is 25 percent more expensive in the allowance area than in DC. That difference can also be stated as a price index of 125. 2.6.1.2 Item Weights OPM computed indexes for hundreds of items. As briefly described in section 2.3, OPM used weights derived from the CES to combine these indexes. These weights reflected the relative amount consumers normally spend on different items. For example, the price of a can of corn has a lower weight than the price of a pound of apples because, according to the CES, people generally spend less on canned corn than on apples. The COLA model uses a fixed-weight indexing methodology. The weights used are based on the expenditure patterns of consumers nationwide as reported by the CES. This is the only source of which OPM is aware that provides expenditure information by income level. 2.6.1.3 Category and Component Weights As described in section 2.3.2, OPM also computed income sensitive category and component weights. This allowed the combination of comparative price data in a manner that reflected the spending patterns of people at each income level. The way data were combined varied among the components. For the Goods and Services and Miscellaneous Expense compo nents, OPM combined indexes within each category using the CES weights to derive an overall index for the category. The category indexes were then combined into an overall component index using the income- sensitive category weights described above. For the Transportation and Housing Components, OPM used the same approach in combination with a cost-build-up approach. For example, the annual cost of owning and operating an automobile was computed by taking individual prices (e.g., automobile financing, insurance, gas and oil, and maintenance) and computing an overall dollar cost for each area. These costs were compared with those in the DC area to compute the Private Transportation Category index. This index was then combined with the Other Transportation Category index using income sensitive category weights to compute an overall Transportation Component index for each area. 2.6.2 Computing the Overall Index The item, category, and component indexes were combined using the process prescribed in section 591.205(c) of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations. That is a five-step process that involves converting the indexes to dollar values and weighting these, combining them, and comparing them to compute a final weighted- average index. The process is described below. First, OPM used the CES data and the income ranges described in section 2.2.1 to determine how much money consumers typically spend on each component at each income level. These amounts appear in the table below and in Appendix 22. They were derived by taking the component weights shown in Table 2-1 times the representative income levels described in section 2.2.1. Table 2-2.--Typical Consumer Expenditures by Income Level and Component ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Goods and Income level services Own/rent Transportation Misc. Total ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Lower....................................... $8,558 $5,556 $3,992 $3,495 $21,600 Middle...................................... 12,821 8,047 5,994 6,037 32,900 Upper....................................... 19,300 11,710 9,044 10,246 50,300 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Note: Values may not total because of rounding.) Second, for each allowance area, OPM multiplied the dollar values above by the component indexes for the allowance area. Because the housing component consisted of two indexes (one for owners and another for renters), two sets of total relative costs were produced--one for owners and another for renters. Third, for each allowance area and income level, OPM combined the total relative costs for owners and renters using as weights the proportion of owners and renters as identified in the CES. (See section 4.2.1.) This produced an overall expenditure dollar amount for each income level in each allowance area. Fourth, OPM computed a single overall average expenditure for each allowance area by combining the income level expenditures using the allowance area General Schedule employment distribution as weights. This produced a single overall dollar expenditure value for the allowance area. Using the same General Schedule employment weights, OPM also computed a single overall dollar expenditure value for the DC area. The final step was to divide the overall dollar expenditure for the allowance area by the overall dollar expenditure for the DC area to compute a final index. These indexes are shown in the last section of this report and in Appendix 23. 3. Consumption Goods and Services 3.1 Categories and Category Weights Based on the CES data, OPM identified ten categories of expenses within the Goods and Services Component. Using linear regression analyses and the CES data, OPM identified the portion of total Goods and Services expenditures that the typical [[Page 14199]] consumer spends in each category at various income levels. The categories and the relative expenditures are shown in the table below: Table 3-1.--Category Weights Expressed as a Percentage of Goods and Services Expenditures by Income Level ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Income levels Category -------------------------------------- Lower Middle Upper ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Food at Home..................... 27.04 24.04 21.15 Food Away from Home.............. 13.60 14.16 14.71 Tobacco.......................... 3.09 2.55 2.02 Alcohol.......................... 2.66 2.64 2.62 Furnishings and Household Operations...................... 14.98 15.99 16.97 Clothing......................... 13.54 14.22 14.87 Domestic Service................. 1.73 1.94 2.14 Professional Services............ 6.95 7.01 7.07 Personal Care.................... 3.62 3.52 3.43 Recreation....................... 12.80 13.93 15.02 -------------- Totals..................... 100.00 100.00 100.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Note: Values may not total because of rounding.) 3.2 Goods and Services Survey Results Section 2.6 of this report provides a detailed explanation of the economic model used to analyze the price data. As it applies to Goods and Services, the approach involved comparing the average prices of market basket items in each allowance area with those in the Washington, DC, area. The resulting price ratios were aggregated into subcategory and then category indexes using the moving-average expenditure weights derived from the CES data. Appendix 8 shows for each allowance area ten category indexes, the weights used at each of the three income levels, and the overall Goods and Services Component indexes. The Washington, DC, area is not shown because it is, by definition, the reference area. Therefore, the DC indexes are 100. 3.2.1 Exchange and Commissary Expenditure Research Executive Order 10000, as amended, requires OPM to adjust COLA rates when employees have special purchasing privileges, such as unlimited access to commissaries and exchanges. In Guam, employees have such access, so OPM directed Runzheimer to price the same marketbasket of Goods and Services items at the commissaries and exchanges in Guam as it used for the local retail pricing. One price quote was obtained for each marketbasket item found in these facilities. It was not assumed that people with access to military facilities made all purchases in these facilities. Instead, the results of an OPM survey of Federal employees was used to determine the percentage of purchases that families typically make in military facilities versus local outlets. For example, as the following table shows, it is estimated that employees with commissary/exchange access in Guam purchase approximately 70% of their Food at Home items at a commissary and purchase the remaining 30% of such items in local retail outlets. Table 3-2.--Percentages of Purchases Made at the Commissaries and Exchanges in Guam ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Category Percentage ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Food at Home................................................ 70.0 Food Away................................................... 0.0 Tobacco..................................................... 64.0 Alcohol..................................................... 76.0 Furnishings. & Hsld. Op.................................... 64.5 Clothing.................................................... 43.7 Domestic Service............................................ 0.0 Professional Services....................................... 0.0 Personal Care............................................... 49.3 Recreation.................................................. 49.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ These percentages were used to aggregate the local retail and commissary/exchange prices into one set of appropriate, blended prices, hereinafter referred to as the Commissary/PX prices. The blended prices were compared to the local retail prices in the Washington, DC, area to compute Commissary/PX Goods and Services Category indexes, which were then combined using CES weights to derive an overall Commissary/PX Goods and Services Component index. Just as with the Guam Local Retail Goods and Services Component index, the Guam Commissary/PX Goods and Services Component index was combined with the indexes for the Housing, Transportation and Miscellaneous Expense Components to derive a single, overall Commissary/PX index for the Guam allowance area. 4. Housing 4.1 Component Overview The Housing Component consists of the following expenses related to owning or renting a dwelling: --mortgage or rent payments, --utilities, --real estate taxes, --homeowner's or renter's insurance, --home maintenance, and --telephone expenses. At each of the three income levels, the annual housing costs for homeowners and renters were measured separately. The results were then combined using as weights the percentages of owners and renters reported by the CES. 4.2 Housing Model 4.2.1 Expenditure Research The CES was used to determine the national average ratio of families who own, as opposed to rent, their residences at each income level. Using the tenure data by income range as input into a linear regression analysis, OPM calculated the owner and rent weights shown below and in Appendix 23. OPM excluded data for home owning families without a mortgage because they were not typical of Federal homeowners in the base area or in the allowance areas. [[Page 14200]] Table 4-1.--Owner/Renter Weights ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Income levels -------------------------------------- Category Lower Middle Upper (percent) (percent) (percent) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Homeowner with mortgage.......... 37.97 47.13 61.21 Renter........................... 62.03 52.87 38.79 -------------- Totals..................... 100.00 100.00 100.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The CES data were also used to identify which home- maintenance items to price and to establish the relative importance of those items. 4.2.2 Housing Profiles To compare housing costs in all locations, six typical housing profiles are used and are assigned to the three income levels, as shown in the table below. For Runzheimer's data collection, OPM required that at least one criterion for the owner profile be the square footage of the home and at least one criterion for the renter profile be the number of bedrooms in the rental unit. Runzheimer collected additional information when available. Unfortunately, the quantity and type of additional data varied markedly from one area to the next and was completely unavailable in some areas. Therefore, OPM could not use the additional data. Table 4-2.--Housing Profiles ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income level Renter profile Owner profile ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Lower.............................. 3 rooms, 1 BR, 1 bath, 600 sq. ft. 4 rooms, 2 BR, 1 bath, 900 sq. ft. apartment. condo or detached house. Middle............................. 4 rooms, 2 BR, 1 bath, 900 sq. ft. 5 rooms, 3 BR, 1 bath, 1,300 sq. ft. apartment. detached house (rowhouse in NE DC). Upper.............................. 4 rooms, 2 BR, 2 baths, 1,100 sq. ft. 7 rooms, 3 BR, 2 baths, 1,700 sq. townhouse or detached house. ft. detached house. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The home sizes stated above are the representative sizes used for certain calculations in the model. They are not, however, the only size surveyed for each profile. For rentals, Runzheimer obtained rental rates on any unit, regardless of its size, that otherwise met the profile characteristics. For home sales, Runzheimer obtained the prices of homes within size range and otherwise meeting the profile specifications. The size ranges are shown below: Table 4-3.--Home Sizes Surveyed ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Income level Range ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Lower............................. 600 to 1,200 sq. ft. Middle............................ 1,000 to 1,600 sq. ft. Upper............................. 1,400 to 2,300 sq. ft. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ It should be noted that although the size ranges overlap, no home sale observation was used at more than one income level. Application of the other criteria (i.e., number and type of rooms) ensured that each observation was assigned to the appropriate income level even though its size was common to two income levels. 4.2.3 Living Community Selection As discussed briefly in section 2.4.2.1, OPM identified the living communities to be surveyed based on the results of the 1992 Federal Employee Housing and Living Patterns Survey. The communities surveyed are identified in Appendix 9. As with previous surveys, nine homeowner and nine renter communities were identified for the Washington, DC, area--one for each income level in each of the three areas (DC, Maryland, and Virginia). In the allowance areas, up to three homeowner and three renter communities were identified--one for each income level. The three-community owner/renter goal was not achievable in many of allowance areas due to the relatively few home sales and rental opportunities in these areas. In such areas, OPM directed Runzheimer to collect prices for the entire survey area or allowance area rather than in specific communities. This was done in Fairbanks, Juneau, Nome, Hilo, Kailua Kona, Kauai, Maui, Guam, St. Croix and St. Thomas. In these areas, all home sales and/or rental rates meeting the housing profile characteristics for the particular income group were included in the analysis. 4.2.4 Housing-Related Expenses Based on the CES data, housing-related expense items were categorized into one of five groups in the COLA model. These groups were-- --utilities, --real estate taxes, --owners/renters insurance, --maintenance, and --telephone expenses. 4.2.4.1 Utilities Electricity, oil, gas, water, and sewer were the utilities used in the model. Most utility companies were able to provide current charges per unit of consumption and average consumption patterns for all households. The companies were not, however, able to provide separate consumption patterns by the size or type of housing. Because many utility costs vary by size of house, a factor was needed to derive the utility rates at each of the home profiles. The table below shows the standard square foot sizes and utility factors used for each home profile. The factors were calculated by assuming that utility use increases or decreases at half the rate that square footage increases or decreases. Table 4-4.--Utility Factors ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Renter profile Owner profile Income level ----------------------------------- Sq. ft. Factor Sq. ft. Factor ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Lower............................... 600 .73 900 .85 Middle.............................. 900 .85 1,300 1.00 Upper............................... 1,100 .92 1,700 1.15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ In each area, Runzheimer obtained the price of each of the types of utilities noted above. Runzheimer used average annual consumption per household [[Page 14201]] information gathered from utility companies serving each area to compute average annual utility costs. The above factors were then used to adjust the total annual utility costs for each of the various housing profiles. In the DC area, Runzheimer was unable to obtain estimates for electricity usage for houses heated by gas or oil. However, Runzheimer was able to obtain kilowatt usage for all-electric houses. In order to avoid potential double counting of utility costs, OPM used the all- electric data for the DC area. This was not a problem in the warm-area COLA areas where there is little heat expense. It also was not a problem in Alaska where most consumers use gas or oil heat, not electric heat. 4.2.4.2 Real Estate Taxes For this study, Runzheimer contacted the city assessors in each allowance area and in the Washington, DC, area to obtain real estate tax information on the living communities surveyed. Real estate tax formulas were obtained for all living communities and applied to the home values for each income level. 4.2.4.3 Owners/Renters Insurance Homeowners' insurance rates were gathered for each of the survey areas for both renter and owner profiles. For renters, the following estimated content values were used: $25,000 at the lower and middle income levels and $30,000 at the upper income level. For homeowners, the cost of insurance was dependent on the median home values calculated as part of this survey. In most areas, it was assumed that the structure was equal to 80 percent of the total home value. In Hawaii, where the land represents a greater proportion of property value, 50 percent was used. Previous research conducted by Runzheimer International for OPM found that insurance coverage for disasters, such as floods and earthquakes, were not widely purchased in the allowance areas. Therefore, the COLA model does not include these additional riders. (See Report to OPM on Living Costs in Selected NonForeign Areas and in the Washington, DC, Area, June 1992, at 57 FR 58556). Hurricane insurance was priced for all of the allowance areas in Hawaii and in Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. 4.2.4.4 Home Maintenance Estimated home maintenance expense was computed for each of the homeowner profiles. Maintenance costs were not added in the three renter profiles because most, if not all, maintenance expenses are covered by the landlord. As done in previous surveys, Runzheimer priced both home maintenance services as well as home maintenance commodities using the CES information to identify items to price and the weights associated with these items. The maintenance service items priced were interior painting, plumbing repair, electrical repair, and pest control. In the Nome area, however, pest control was not priced because local sources indicated it is not necessary. The maintenance commodities priced were bathroom caulking, a kitchen faucet set, an electrical outlet, latex interior paint, and a fire extinguisher. To compute home maintenance cost differences between each allowance area and the Washington, DC, area for the homeowner profiles, an index was computed for each maintenance item by comparing the allowance area price to the DC area price. As with the Goods and Services component items, the CES data were used to weight these maintenance indexes into an overall home maintenance index for each area. To combine the maintenance indexes with the other homeowner costs, which were expressed in dollar amounts, OPM converted the indexes to dollars by multiplying the index for each area by the average maintenance expense reported in the CES. This cost was assigned to the middle-income homeowner profile. Logically, maintenance costs for larger homes would generally be greater than costs for middle-sized homes, while costs for smaller homes would generally be less. Therefore, the same homeowner multi pliers used in the utilities model for the lower and upper income profiles (.85 and 1.15 respectively) are applied to recognize differences in maintenance costs due to house size at these income levels. 4.2.4.5 Telephone Expenses Telephone expenses consisted of local service charges, additional charges for local calls (if applicable), and charges for long distance calls. To measure estimated expenses for local service and local calls, Runzheimer surveyed the cost of touch- tone service with unlimited calling in each area. To estimate long distance charges in all areas, Runzheimer surveyed the cost of three 10-minute direct dial calls per month to large U.S. mainland cities (i.e., Los Angeles, Chicago, and New York City). Runzheimer measured the price of a call placed in the survey area at the time of day necessary to be received in the respective city at 8:00 p.m. local time. In many areas, this resulted in pricing a combination of daytime and evening-rate calls. 4.3 Housing Data Collection Procedures As done in previous years, Runzheimer collected housing information mainly from real estate professionals, various listing services, and advertisements. In addition, Runzheimer personnel traveled to each of the surveyed communities to assess the compatibility of the housing community with the income level for which the data were used and to ensure that homes in these communities were comparable to those surveyed in the Washington, DC, area. 4.3.1 Homeowner Data Collection Runzheimer surveyed selling prices of homes that matched the housing profiles in each living community and obtained as many of these selling prices as possible for sales that occurred during the 12-month period prior to the date of the survey. The amount of data obtained depended on the number of home sales in the community and the availability of square footage and other housing profile information. This in turn depended on the size of the community, economic conditions, quality and quantity of the realty data available, and the willingness and ability of local realty professionals and assessor offices to provide data. If sales data obtained from the preliminary data sources did not meet specified contract minimums, Runzheimer contacted additional data sources in the area to attempt to secure more sales data, if practical. In this manner, either all or a sizeable portion of the home sales in each area was surveyed. 4.3.2 Renter Data Collection Rental data also were obtained from a variety of sources, e.g., brokers, rental management firms, property managers, newspaper advertisements, and other listings. Analyses of these data revealed what appeared to be two separate rental markets: a broker market and a non-broker market. Rental rates and estimates provided by brokers generally exceeded those obtained from other sources. The methodology used to analyze these two data sets is discussed in section 4.4.2. 4.4 Housing Analysis 4.4.1 Homeowner Data Analysis One of the most important factors relating to the price of a home is the number of square feet of living space. As was done last year, OPM used the median home value. The median is the middle value in a rank-ordered set of [[Page 14202]] observations. OPM used this approach to reduce the volatility of the housing data from one survey to the next because a relatively few extremely high or low home prices could significantly influence average housing prices. For each income profile in each allowance area and the Washington, DC, area, OPM computed the median price per square foot for the comparables. This value was then multiplied by the reference square footage for the profile to determine the home purchase price for the profile. As was done last year, OPM also used historical housing data in addition to data collected in this survey. These data are found in Appendix 10 of this report. The historical data are from previous living-cost surveys that were published in the Federal Register beginning with the 1990 report. (See Appendix 1 for a listing of these publications). The data for the period prior to 1990 were published with the results of the 1991-1992 living-cost surveys at 57 FR 58617. All housing values are based on the community selections and analytical methodologies used at the time of each respective survey. The historical housing data used were estimated annual principal plus interest payments by income level in each area. To combine these data, OPM used weights that were derived from the 1992 Federal Employee Housing and Living Patterns Survey. These weights reflect the proportion of Federal employee homeowners by year of purchase in all allowance areas and in the Washington, DC, area. The historical housing weights and analyses are shown in Appendix 11. 4.4.2 Rental Data Analysis OPM assigned each rental quote to a single income level based on the criteria stated in section 4.2.2. As discussed earlier, there were essentially two sources of rental information: broker and non-broker sources. In each area, the quantity of data obtained from either source varied significantly. Therefore, analyzing all of the rental data (both broker and non-broker) together for an area and income level was undesirable. Instead, OPM analyzed broker and non-broker data separately by income level. As with the housing data analyses, OPM used the median rental values. For each income level, OPM separately ranked rental rates from low to high for broker and non-broker data. The median values for broker and non-broker data for each group were determined and then averaged to compute a single rental value for each income level. Because OPM has no information on how the Federal employees who rent generally secure their lodgings, OPM applied equal weights to the broker and non-broker data to compute an overall average rental rate for the area and income level. The broker and non-broker medians and final results are shown in Appendix 12. 4.5 Housing Survey Results In the above sections, the processes used for determining the costs for maintenance, insurance, utilities, real estate taxes, rents, and homeowner mortgages were described. Appendix 13 shows the cost of each of these items for renters and homeowners in each allowance area and in the Washington, DC, area. Appendix 14 compares the total cost of these items by income level in each allowance area with the total cost of the same items by income level in the DC area. Again, there are separate comparisons for renters and homeowners. The final housing-cost comparisons take the form of indexes that are used in Appendix 22 to derive the total, overall indexes for owners and renters. 5. Transportation 5.1 Component Overview The transportation component consists of two categories: Automobile Expense and Other Transportation Costs. The Automobile Expense Category reflects costs relating to owning and operating a car in each area. The Other Transportation Costs Category is represented by the cost of air travel from each location to common points within the contiguous 48 States. 5.2 Private Transportation Methodology As done in previous surveys, OPM analyzed automobile trans portation costs for three commonly purchased vehicles: a domestic auto, an import auto, and a utility vehicle. New car costs were used for these analyses because it was believed that pricing used vehicles of equivalent quality in each area could introduce inconsistencies because of the value judgments that would be required. 5.2.1 Vehicle Selection and Pricing The same three models of automobiles that were surveyed in previous years were surveyed again this year: Domestic-Ford Taurus GL 4-door sedan 3.0L 6 cyl. Import-Honda Civic DX 4-door sedan 1.5L 4 cyl. Utility-Chevrolet S10 Blazer 4X4 2 door 4.3L 6 cyl. For each model car, Runzheimer collected new vehicle prices at dealerships in each area and from secondary sources, such as the Kelly Blue Book. All prices were based on the manufacturers' suggested retail prices (MSRP) for 1996. All vehicles were equipped with standard options, such as automatic transmission, AM/FM stereo radio, and air conditioning. In Alaska locations, special additional equipment was included in new-vehicle prices (i.e., engine-block heaters and heavy- duty batteries). Snow tires were also priced in Alaska. (See section 5.2.5.) In addition to the MSRP, the price included additional charges such as shipping, dealer preparation, additional dealer markup, excise tax, sales tax, and any other one-time taxes or charges. In Anchorage, for example, documentation fees were also included as part of the new- vehicle costs. 5.2.2 Vehicle Trade Cycle Calculating the cost of owning and operating a vehicle requires knowing the miles driven and how long the car is owned. In the automobile industry, these two factors are known collectively as a vehicle's ``trade cycle.'' The trade cycle is stated as a length of time (in months or years) and the total number of miles driven in that time period. This information is used in the model to compute annual costs related to fuel, oil, tires, maintenance, and depreciation. As with the previous living-cost analyses, OPM used a four-year, 60,000- mile trade cycle in all areas. 5.2.3 Fuel Performance and Type All vehicles included in this study used regular unleaded fuel. Runzheimer surveyed self-service cash prices of unleaded regular gasoline at name-brand gas stations in the Washington, DC, area and in all allowance areas, except those in Alaska. In consideration of the harsh climate in the Alaska allowance areas, full-service cash prices were surveyed. To establish average fuel-performance ratings, the COLA model uses the ``city driving'' figures published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The ``city'' figures instead of ``highway'' figures are used because all locations contained considerable stop-and- go driving conditions. As in previous COLA surveys, OPM included in its analysis the following fuel-performance factors: temperature, road surface, and gradient. These factors are based on research previously conducted for OPM. This research and the factors are discussed below. 5.2.3.1 Impact of Temperature upon Fuel Performance Gas mileage is affected by temperature. The lower the temperature, [[Page 14203]] the fewer miles-per-gallon achieved and vice versa. According to the EPA's Passenger Car Fuel Economy: EPA and Road, the temperature at which no adjustments to fuel performance occur is 77 deg.F. Below that temperature, miles-per- gallon achieved drops. Above 77 deg.F miles- per-gallon achieved improves. The model uses the average monthly temperatures for each allowance area and the DC area as reported in The Weather Almanac, published by Ruffner and Blair. For each location and month, the model uses the appropriate factor from the EPA study based on the average monthly temperature for the area. These factors are then averaged to derive a single overall factor for each location. The results of these calculations are shown in Table 5-1. 5.2.3.2 Impact of Road Surface upon Fuel Performance For the model, it is assumed that Federally controlled roadways are typically composed of concrete and/or high-load asphalt and that locally controlled roadways are typically composed of low-load asphalt. EPA's research indicates that cars are generally more fuel-efficient on the firmer, high-load surfaces than on the softer, low-load surfaces. Although traffic patterns and road usage vary among areas, previous research conducted for OPM produced no relevant findings regarding this issue. Therefore, the model uses the assumption that Federally- controlled roadways generally support twice the traffic of, or are used at least twice as much as, locally controlled roadways. In each allowance area, the total mileage falling into either the Federal or local categories was collected. For example, Alaska contains 5,512 miles of Federally controlled roads and 7,120 miles of locally controlled roads. The usage assumption increased Federal road mileage by a factor of two for the Alaska allowance areas. The average low-load asphalt factor (which reflects dry, wet, and snowy conditions) was applied to the local mileage percentage, and the average concrete and/or high-load asphalt factor was applied to the Federal mileage percentage to produce two weighted average factors--one for the Alaskan allowance areas and another for the other allowance areas. These factors are shown in Table 5-1. The Washington, DC, area was assigned a factor of 1.00 on the premise that the vast majority of traffic in that area travels on dry, high-load surfaces. The application of these factors is described in Section 5.2.3.4. 5.2.3.3 Impact of Gradient Upon Fuel Performance The effect of gradient on gas mileage is also estimated from EPA's Passenger Car Fuel Economy: EPA and Road. Local topography (i.e., gradient) affects fuel efficiency. EPA provides mileage factors based upon various gradients ranging from less than 0.5% (essentially flat) to greater than 6% (steep). In research previously conducted for OPM, the contractor reviewed the topographic features of each area and found a wide range of road conditions. However, the contractor was unable to find relevant information on the types of terrain drivers typically encounter in each area or the number of miles drivers travel in each type of terrain. Lacking such information, the contractor assumed that drivers in the allowance areas generally traveled roads having approximately the same gradients that are found on average in the United States. Applying the information from EPA's research, a fuel- performance factor of 0.98 was computed for this type of driving. This factor was assigned to each allowance area. For the DC area, a factor of 1.00 was used on the premise that the vast majority of traffic in that area travels on major freeways and highways that are relatively flat. The application of these factors is described in the next section. 5.2.3.4 Overall Impact upon Fuel Performance OPM applied the factors described above to make adjustments in the average gas mileage ratings for each type of automobile surveyed for each allowance area and for the Washington, DC, area. The adjustment factors compound-- that is, the total adjustment is the result of multiplying the three individual factors together for each area. In the table below, the factor 1.00 means that no adjustment in EPA fuel performance is appropriate. A factor of less than 1.00 means that the estimated gasoline mileage in the area is less than the EPA average. For example, the total adjustment factor for Juneau is 0.84. This means that the estimated gasoline mileage in Juneau is 84 percent of the EPA estimated average. Note that the adjustment factor for the DC area (0.94) indicates that average gasoline mileage in that area is also below the EPA estimate. Table 5-1.--Summary of Fuel-Performance Adjustments ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Road Location Temperature surface Gradient Total ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anchorage................................................... 0.88 0.96 0.98 0.83 Fairbanks................................................... 0.85 0.96 0.98 0.80 Juneau...................................................... 0.89 0.96 0.98 0.84 Nome........................................................ 0.85 0.96 0.98 0.80 Hawaii...................................................... 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.95 Virgin Islands.............................................. 1.01 0.98 0.98 0.97 Puerto Rico................................................. 1.01 0.98 0.98 0.97 Guam........................................................ 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.95 Washington, DC.............................................. 0.94 1.00 1.00 0.94 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.2.4 Vehicle Maintenance As done in the previous surveys, Runzheimer surveyed the cost of five common maintenance services and repairs performed on the vehicles surveyed. The services and repairs were-- --Tuneup, --Oil change, --Automatic transmission fluid change, --Flush/fill coolant, and --Muffler/exhaust pipe replacement. The automobile manufacturers' recommended maintenance schedules were used to determine the frequency of performing each of these maintenance jobs. Maintenance schedules vary, depending on the driving conditions typically encountered. Consistent with the assumptions used for fuel economy and tire mileage, it was assumed that driving conditions in the allowance areas are generally severe, and the maintenance schedules used reflected that kind of driving. For the DC area, it was assumed that driving conditions were normal, and the maintenance [[Page 14204]] schedules used for that area reflected that kind of driving. The recommended frequency of performing each of these jobs was combined with the prices charged by local dealers and service stations to compute an estimated annual maintenance expense. Runzheimer collected the cost of the complete maintenance service or repair job for each vehicle. For example, the cost of a complete oil change was collected for each vehicle including the total charge for parts and the total charge for labor. In the Alaska and DC areas, constant velocity joint (CVJ) boots replacement was also included in the cost of vehicle maintenance. Previous research conducted for OPM revealed varying replacement cycles among the Alaska allowance areas and between the Alaska areas and the DC area: Anchorage and Juneau-- every 45,000 miles (3 years), Nome-- every 30,000 miles (2 years), Fairbanks--every 15,000 miles (1 year), and the Washington, DC, area--every 60,000 miles (4 years). The cost of replacement for all three vehicle types was factored into the indexes based upon the frequency of the replacement. In Fairbanks, for example, 100 percent of the cost was included because previous research indicated annual replacement was the norm. 5.2.5 Tires Research previously conducted for OPM revealed that various factors (e.g., road quality/state of repair, road composition) appeared to reduce tread life (i.e., the average number of miles a tire is expected to last) in the allowance areas compared with the Washington, DC, area. Based on this research, the model uses tire expense based on a 40,000- mile tread life in allowance areas and a 55,000-mile tread life in the DC area. Runzheimer priced the cost of a new set of tires, including mounting and balancing and all applicable taxes, in each area. This cost was converted into an annual cost by dividing the estimated number of annual miles driven by the expected tread life and multiplying this by the new tire price. Previous research indicated that four extra studded snow tires would be required for all three vehicles in the Alaska allowance areas. Therefore, Runzheimer surveyed the cost of extra wheels, extra tires, and installing studs for all vehicles in Anchorage, Fairbanks, Juneau, and Nome. 5.2.6 License and Registration Fees and Miscellaneous Taxes Runzheimer obtained information regarding license registration fees, miscellaneous taxes, and personal property taxes (where applicable). License and registration fees were included as part of the annual cost of owning an automobile. Miscellaneous and personal- property taxes were computed for each year of the vehicle's 4-year trade cycle using the vehicle's estimated used-car value for each year. The resulting four personal property tax values were then averaged, and that average was included as part of the annual cost of owning an automobile. As stated in section 5.2.1, sales and excise taxes were included in the purchase price of the vehicle and were accounted for under the annual vehicle purchase and finance costs. 5.2.7 Depreciation The single largest annual expense related to owning and operating a new car is depreciation--the lost value of the vehicle as it ages and is driven. In the COLA model, total depreciation is calculated by subtracting from the purchase price the estimated residual value (used car value) 4 years later. This value is then divided by four to produce an annual depreciation amount. As described earlier, the new car price was the manufacturer's suggested retail price plus any additional charges, such as shipping, dealer prep, additional dealer markup, excise tax, and sales tax. As done in previous surveys, the used car value was based on information from sources such as the Black Book Official Finance/Lease Guide for 1994. Although such sources only track prices of vehicles sold in the contiguous 48 States, previous research performed by Runzheimer did not indicate that used cars in allowance areas were (on average) worth more or less than used cars in the DC area, except for Fairbanks and Nome. For Fairbanks and Nome, 90 percent of the projected residual values were used to reflect the more severe conditions. It should be noted that identical residual values did not result in identical depreciation amounts. Depreciation amounts were generally higher in the allowance areas than in the Washington, DC, area because new car prices were generally higher in the allowance areas. 5.2.8 Finance Expense The COLA model assumes that new car purchases are financed. Therefore, Runzheimer surveyed banks in all areas to obtain their auto- loan interest rates for a 48-month loan with 80 percent financing. OPM computed the finance cost for each vehicle in each area and included it in the annual cost of owning and operating an automobile. 5.2.9 Vehicle Insurance Runzheimer surveyed the cost of car insurance in each location. Consistent with the previous year's survey, Runzheimer used the following common coverages, limits, and deductibles: Bodily Injury............................. $100,000/$300,000. Property Damage........................... $50,000. Medical................................... $5,000. Uninsured Motorist........................ $100,000/300,000. Comprehensive............................. $100 Deductible. Collision................................. $250 Deductible. In each survey area, Runzheimer identified the common automobile insurance companies and attempted to obtain three insurance price quotes for each type of car surveyed. These quotes were averaged by type of car to produce estimated insurance costs for each area. Runzheimer found that some insurance companies in Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands did not offer the coverages, limits, and deductibles shown above. To allow the comparison of the cost of these different policies with DC costs, OPM directed Runzheimer also to survey in the DC area the cost of insurance that was comparable to that offered in these allowance areas. The costs of these equivalent policies were then compared to derive adjustment factors that could be applied to the cost of the standard coverages, limits, and deductibles shown above. By applying these factors to the DC area average price, the cost of equivalent coverage was estimated for these particular allowance areas. The factors and their derivation are shown in Appendix 16. 5.2.10 Overall Annual Costs As described above, Runzheimer surveyed the annual costs for fuel, maintenance and oil, tires, licensing, taxes, depreciation, finance, and insurance for three types of automobiles in each allowance area and in the Washington, DC, area. These costs were then summed to determine the overall annual costs by area for owning and operating each type of automobile. Appendix 15 shows these costs for each area by type of vehicle. 5.3 Other Transportation Costs--Air Fares Air fare is the only item priced for the Other Transportation Costs Category. For this item, OPM priced the lowest priced round-trip air fare on a major carrier with a 2-week advance purchase and a 1-week stay over. Trips were priced from each allowance area and the Washington, DC, area to Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Seattle, and St. Louis. These cities were selected to [[Page 14205]] represent a range of travel destinations coast- to-coast for COLA area and DC area Federal employees. The costs of the trips from each allowance area were averaged and compared with the average cost of the trips from the DC area to compute the category indexes. The fares are shown in Appendix 17. 5.4 Transportation Component Analyses OPM compared the total cost of private auto transportation for each vehicle in each allowance area with the total cost for the same vehicle in the DC area. These comparisons are expressed as indexes and are shown in Appendix 19. Likewise, OPM compared the cost of air fares for each area with those for the DC area and computed a cost index. These indexes are shown in Appendices 17 and 19. OPM used national average expenditure data to derive weights that reflected how much consumers typically spend to own and operate an automobile versus other transportation expenses. These weights vary by income level and were used to combine the Automobile Expense Category index with the Other Transportation Costs index by area to derive the overall Transportation Component index for the area. The weights, computations, and final Transportation Component indexes are shown in Appendix 19. 6. Miscellaneous Expenses 6.1 Component Overview The Miscellaneous Expense component consists of three categories of expenses: --Medical care. --Contributions (including gifts to non-family members). --Personal insurance and retirement contributions/investments. OPM used an approach similar to that used for the Goods and Services Component to derive the indexes for each of these categories and the Miscellaneous Component overall. 6.2 Component Weights OPM used CES data to determine the appropriate weights for each of the items and categories in the Miscellaneous Component. The category weights are shown in the following table and in Appendix 21. Item weights are shown in Appendix 20. Table 6-1.--Miscellaneous Expense Categories and Weights ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Income level -------------------------------------- Categories Lower Middle Upper (percent) (percent) (percent) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Medical Care..................... 41.36 31.40 24.04 Contributions.................... 16.52 17.18 17.67 Personal Insurance and Retirement Contributions................... 42.11 51.42 58.29 -------------- Totals..................... 100.00 100.00 100.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Note: Values may not total because of rounding. 6.3 Component Categories 6.3.1 Medical Expense Category Runzheimer surveyed the price of medical care items using essentially the same approach it used for the Goods and Services component items. The following medical care items were priced in each allowance area and in the Washington, DC, area: --nonprescription pain reliever --prescription drugs --contact lenses --dental service --doctor visit --hospital room --health insurance Runzheimer surveyed the cost of these items in both the allowance areas and in the DC area. OPM compared the prices to produce an index for each item in each area, then combined these indexes using CES weights to produce a single Medical Care Category index for each area. The COLA model assumes that the cost of health insurance is constant among areas because the choice of Federal health coverage is to a large extent a matter of personal preference. Therefore, the index for this item is 100.00. 6.3.2 Contributions Category The index for the Contributions Category is the Goods and Services Component index for the area. The use of the Goods and Services index is based on the assumption that the relative level of contributions is roughly equivalent to that reflected by the Goods and Services index. 6.3.3 Personal Insurance and Retirement Category The index for personal insurance and retirement contributions and investments is assumed to be constant among areas. The cost of Federal Employees Group Life Insurance is a matter of personal preference and is constant in all areas for the same age, salary, and benefit option combinations. Likewise, retirement contributions are a matter of personal preference, and the minimum contribution requirements are constant among areas for equivalent salary levels. 6.4 Miscellaneous Expense Analyses As with the Goods and Services Component, the indexes for each of the Miscellaneous Component categories were combined using CES weights to produce component indexes by income level for each area. These indexes are shown in Appendix 21. Section 2.6 describes how the miscellaneous expense component indexes are combined with the other component indexes to derive the final index for each area. 7. Final Results 7.1 Total Comparative Cost Indexes The total comparative cost indexes appear below. Appendix 23 shows how each index was derived from the component indexes. Table 7-1.--Final Cost Comparison Indexes ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Allowance area Index ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Anchorage, Alaska............................................ 104.84 Fairbanks, Alaska............................................ 109.90 Juneau, Alaska............................................... 110.57 The rest of Alaska........................................... 129.24 City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii.......................... 121.95 Hawaii County, Hawaii........................................ 111.89 Kauai County, Hawaii......................................... 121.36 Maui County, Hawaii.......................................... 119.53 Guam/CNMI*, Local Retail..................................... 121.88 Guam/CNMI, Commissary/Exchange............................... 116.06 Puerto Rico.................................................. 102.01 [[Page 14206]] U.S. Virgin Islands.......................................... 119.25 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ *CNMI=Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Appendix 1.--Publication in the Federal Register of Results of Nonforeign Area Living-Cost Surveys: 1990-1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Citation Title Contents 56 FR 7902................ Office of Personnel Results of summer Management: Cost-of- 1990 living-cost Living Allowances surveys conducted in and Post Alaska, Hawaii, Differentials Guam, Puerto Rico, (Nonforeign Areas). and the U.S. Virgin Islands. 57 FR 58556............... Office of Personnel Results of summer Management: Report 1991 and winter 1992 on 1991/1992 Surveys living-cost surveys Used to Determine conducted in Alaska, Cost-of-Living Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Allowances in Rico, and the U.S. Nonforeign Areas. Virgin Islands. 58 FR 45558............... Office of Personnel Results of summer Management: Report 1992 and winter 1993 on 1992/1993 Surveys living-cost surveys Used to Determine conducted in Alaska, Cost-of-Living Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Allowances in Rico, and the U.S. Nonforeign Areas. Virgin Islands. 58 FR 27316............... Office of Personnel Results of summer Management: Report 1993 living-cost on Summer 1993 surveys conducted in Surveys Used to Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Determine Cost-of- Rico, and the U.S. Living Allowances in Virgin Islands. Nonforeign Areas. 59 FR 45066............... Office of Personnel Results of winter Management: Report 1994 living-cost on Winter 1994 surveys conducted in Surveys Used to Alaska. Determine Cost-of- Living Allowances in Alaska. 60 FR 61332............... Office of Personnel Results of summer Management: Report 1994 living-cost on Summer 1994 surveys conducted in Surveys Used to Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Determine Cost-of- Rico, and the U.S. Living Allowances in Virgin Islands. Selected Nonforeign Areas. 61 FR 4070................ Office of Personnel Results of winter Management: Report 1995 living-cost on Winter 1995 surveys conducted in Surveys Used to Alaska. Determine Cost-of- Living Allowances in Alaska. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Appendix 2.--Multiple Survey Areas: 1996 Survey [Federal Employment Weights Within a Single Allowance Area] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Location 1993 1994 1995 Average Weights ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hawaii County Hilo............................................ 250 292 286 276 82.88 Kona............................................ 52 60 58 57 17.12 ------------- Total....................................... .......... .......... .......... 333 100.00 ============= Virgin Islands St. Croix....................................... 142 151 154 149 46.42 St. Thomas/St. John............................. 190 166 160 172 53.58 ------------- Total....................................... .......... .......... .......... 321 100.00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Income Levels: 1996 Survey [Federal Employment Weights Within a Single Allowance Area] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Location and income level 1993 1994 1995 Average Weights ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anchorage: Lower........................................... 1,638 1,609 1,540 1,596 26.44 Middle.......................................... 2,090 1,971 1,754 1,938 32.11 Upper........................................... 2,400 2,583 2,522 2,502 41.45 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 6,036 100.00 ============= Fairbanks: Lower........................................... 400 444 388 411 33.28 Middle.......................................... 467 442 446 452 36.60 Upper........................................... 318 392 405 372 30.12 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 1,235 100.00 ============= Juneau: Lower........................................... 139 145 139 141 19.89 [[Page 14207]] Middle.......................................... 245 220 203 223 31.45 Upper........................................... 334 360 341 345 48.66 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 709 100.00 ============= Rest of Alaska: Lower........................................... 444 414 349 402 25.62 Middle.......................................... 759 722 703 728 46.40 Upper........................................... 391 445 481 439 27.98 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 1,569 100.00 ============= Honolulu: Lower........................................... 4,346 4,239 4,140 4,242 32.68 Middle.......................................... 4,540 4,171 3,952 4,221 32.52 Upper........................................... 4,344 4,689 4,514 4,516 34.80 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 12,979 100.00 ============= Hawaii: Lower........................................... 122 165 139 142 36.69 Middle.......................................... 145 154 164 154 39.79 Upper........................................... 85 91 98 91 23.52 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 387 100.00 ============= Kauai: Lower........................................... 71 81 73 75 30.24 Middle.......................................... 94 84 76 85 34.28 Upper........................................... 78 89 97 88 35.48 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 248 100.00 ============= Maui: Lower........................................... 37 39 35 37 25.52 Middle.......................................... 56 56 59 57 39.31 Upper........................................... 51 51 51 51 35.17 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 145 100.00 ============= Guam/CNMI: Lower........................................... 1,061 1,060 947 1,023 47.12 Middle.......................................... 696 681 669 682 31.41 Upper........................................... 437 498 464 466 21.47 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 2,171 100.00 ============= Puerto Rico: Lower........................................... 2,330 2,428 2,370 2,376 40.66 Middle.......................................... 2,287 2,184 2,166 2,212 37.86 Upper........................................... 1,140 1,321 1,303 1,255 21.48 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 5,843 100.00 ============= Virgin Islands: Lower........................................... 128 114 98 113 35.31 Middle.......................................... 133 128 133 131 40.94 Upper........................................... 71 75 83 76 23.75 Totals........................................ .......... .......... .......... 320 100.00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Appendix 3--Consumer Expenditure Surveys [Pre-published Data for All Consumer Units Nationwide*] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total complete reporting --------------------------------------------------------------- 1991 1992 1994 Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Average Before Tax Income....................... 33,901.00 33,854.00 36,838.00 34,864.33 Average annual expenditures..................... 30,487.29 30,527.49 32,762.99 31,259.26 Food.......................................... 4,366.88 4,358.56 4,526.94 4,417.46 Food at home................................ 2,724.89 2,684.35 2,764.21 2,724.48 Cereals and bakery products............... 413.81 418.15 439.36 423.77 Cereals and cereal products............. 149.01 144.15 166.94 153.37 Flour................................. 6.61 7.21 7.93 7.25 Prepared flour mixes.................. 14.67 13.62 13.20 13.83 Ready-to-eat and cooked cereals....... 90.13 88.39 102.02 93.51 Rice.................................. 14.49 12.67 15.47 14.21 Pasta, cornmeal and other cereal products............................. 23.11 22.27 28.32 24.57 [[Page 14208]] Bakery products......................... 264.80 274.00 272.42 270.41 Bread................................. 76.98 77.58 77.20 77.25 White bread......................... 38.93 38.04 38.02 38.33 Bread, other than white............. 38.04 39.54 39.17 38.92 Crackers and cookies.................. 65.09 67.10 64.36 65.52 Cookies............................. 41.15 40.75 43.78 41.89 Crackers............................ 23.94 26.34 20.58 23.62 Frozen and refrigerated bakery products............................. 19.33 21.06 22.16 20.85 Other bakery products................. 103.40 108.27 108.70 106.79 Biscuits and rolls.................. 34.12 35.55 37.26 35.64 Cakes and cupcakes.................. 29.49 31.67 31.12 30.76 Bread and cracker products.......... 4.14 4.70 4.68 4.51 Sweetrolls, coffee cakes, doughnuts. 24.05 24.93 23.08 24.02 Pies, tarts, turnovers.............. 11.61 11.41 12.55 11.86 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs............ 725.06 687.17 728.89 713.71 Beef.................................... 238.59 210.36 226.73 225.23 Ground beef........................... 89.66 87.67 89.79 89.04 Roast................................. 42.62 37.74 37.79 39.38 Chuck roast......................... 16.81 13.48 12.10 14.13 Round roast......................... 12.63 12.96 14.18 13.26 Other roast......................... 13.18 11.30 11.51 12.00 Steak................................. 87.83 69.00 85.81 80.88 Round steak......................... 16.56 14.63 16.44 15.88 Sirloin steak....................... 23.58 17.72 24.09 21.80 Other steak......................... 47.68 36.65 45.28 43.20 Other beef............................ 18.47 15.95 13.34 15.92 Pork.................................... 146.62 155.56 154.66 152.28 Bacon................................. 21.28 20.47 23.01 21.59 Pork chops............................ 35.26 34.88 37.47 35.87 Ham................................... 38.92 42.73 36.74 39.46 Ham, not canned..................... 35.84 38.98 33.91 36.24 Canned ham.......................... 3.08 3.75 2.84 3.22 Sausage............................... 21.01 23.29 22.63 22.31 Other pork............................ 30.15 34.19 34.80 33.05 Other meats............................. 102.91 94.58 94.34 97.28 Frankfurters.......................... 23.87 21.19 19.13 21.40 Lunch meats (cold cuts)............... 70.13 63.56 65.67 66.45 Bologna, liverwurst, salami......... 23.75 22.91 23.25 23.30 Other lunchmeats.................... 46.39 40.65 42.41 43.15 Lamb, organ meats and others.......... 8.91 9.84 9.54 9.43 Lamb and organ meats................ 7.89 8.74 9.31 8.65 Mutton, goat and game............... 1.02 1.10 0.24 0.79 Poultry................................. 123.67 123.39 135.32 127.46 Fresh and frozen chickens............. 92.17 91.28 107.49 96.98 Fresh whole chicken................. 24.27 19.61 NA 21.94 Fresh and frozen whole chicken...... NA NA 29.05 29.05 Fresh and frozen chicken parts...... 67.90 71.67 78.44 72.67 Other poultry, incl. whole frozen chickens............................. 31.50 32.10 NA 31.80 Other poultry......................... NA NA 27.83 27.83 Fish and seafood........................ 81.51 74.99 87.13 81.21 Canned fish and seafood............... 18.40 17.46 15.60 17.15 Fresh and frozen shellfish............ 25.27 21.36 NA 23.32 Fresh and frozen finfish.............. 37.83 36.17 NA 37.00 Fresh fish and shellfish.............. NA NA 48.29 48.29 Frozen fish and shellfish............. NA NA 23.23 23.23 Eggs.................................... 31.77 28.30 30.72 30.26 Dairy products............................ 306.57 307.10 297.87 303.85 Fresh milk and cream.................... 134.72 136.59 131.98 134.43 Whole milk............................ 49.88 47.69 NA 48.79 Other milk and cream.................. 84.84 88.90 NA 86.87 Fresh milk, all types................. NA NA 123.44 123.44 Cream................................. NA NA 8.55 8.55 Other dairy products.................... 171.85 170.52 165.88 169.42 Butter................................ 10.62 9.71 11.78 10.70 Cheese................................ 90.15 87.72 84.78 87.55 Ice cream and related products........ 50.47 51.93 48.15 50.18 Miscellaneous dairy products.......... 20.61 21.16 21.17 20.98 Fruits and vegetables..................... 437.70 435.20 446.10 439.67 Fresh fruits............................ 132.65 129.17 135.12 132.31 [[Page 14209]] Apples................................ 26.69 26.64 25.34 26.22 Bananas............................... 27.62 26.48 30.25 28.12 Oranges............................... 12.28 13.23 16.05 13.85 Other fresh fruits.................... 66.06 62.82 63.49 64.44 Fresh vegetables........................ 131.09 127.84 138.99 132.64 Potatoes.............................. 25.25 24.56 28.24 26.02 Lettuce............................... 15.51 16.33 17.65 16.50 Tomatoes.............................. 21.64 19.85 21.59 21.03 Other fresh vegetables................ 68.69 67.10 71.52 69.10 Processed fruits........................ 99.35 102.67 95.31 99.11 Frozen fruits and fruit juices........ 22.09 21.35 16.38 19.94 Frozen orange juice................. 14.09 13.34 9.57 12.33 Other frozen fruits and juices...... 7.99 8.01 6.81 8.00 Canned and dried fruits............... 24.23 23.48 21.11 23.86 Fresh, canned or bottled fruit juices. 53.03 57.83 57.83 55.43 Processed vegetables.................... 74.61 75.53 76.68 75.61 Frozen vegetables..................... 26.45 25.46 24.78 25.56 Canned and dried vegetables and juices 48.16 50.07 51.90 50.04 Canned beans........................ 9.26 10.09 10.61 9.99 Canned corn......................... 6.29 7.40 6.99 6.89 Other canned and dried veg. and juices............................. 32.61 32.59 34.30 32.60 Other food at home........................ 841.75 836.73 851.99 843.49 Sugar and other sweets.................. 104.62 106.24 110.67 107.18 Candy and chewing gum................. 59.10 62.86 66.52 62.83 Sugar................................. 20.80 18.12 18.30 19.07 Artificial sweeteners................. 3.23 3.24 3.57 3.35 Jams, preserves, other sweets......... 21.48 22.02 22.28 21.93 Fats and oils........................... 73.12 73.79 80.76 75.89 Margarine............................. 14.31 14.56 14.68 14.52 Other fats, oils, and salad dressing.. 39.96 40.94 47.48 40.45 Nondairy cream and imitation milk..... 6.56 6.75 6.71 6.67 Peanut butter......................... 12.30 11.53 11.89 11.91 Miscellaneous foods..................... 387.81 393.26 369.77 383.61 Frozen prepared foods................. 71.21 73.99 65.79 70.33 Frozen meals........................ 25.00 22.99 20.54 22.84 Other frozen prepared foods......... 46.21 51.01 45.25 47.49 Canned and packaged soups............. 26.23 25.44 30.21 27.29 Potato chips, nuts, and other snacks.. 78.66 78.63 75.91 77.73 Potato chips and other snacks....... 62.03 62.34 59.81 61.39 Nuts................................ 16.63 16.29 16.10 16.34 Condiments and seasonings............. 87.93 90.44 82.47 86.95 Salt, spices, other seasonings...... 19.15 20.79 19.68 19.87 Olives, pickles, relishes........... 11.05 10.82 10.76 10.88 Sauces and gravies.................. 42.03 43.55 38.05 41.21 Baking needs and misc. products..... 15.71 15.29 13.98 14.99 Other canned and packaged prepared foods................................ 123.78 124.75 115.39 121.31 Salads and desserts................. 17.87 20.42 19.30 19.15 Baby food........................... 23.56 24.11 27.68 25.12 Miscellaneous prepared foods........ 82.35 80.22 68.41 76.99 Nonalcoholic beverages.................. 233.06 219.33 241.81 231.40 Cola.................................. 92.26 86.71 93.27 90.75 Other carbonated drinks............... 39.32 40.41 40.20 39.98 Coffee................................ 42.59 40.13 43.29 42.00 Roasted coffee...................... 25.35 24.56 29.20 26.37 Instant and freeze dried coffee..... 17.24 15.57 14.09 15.63 Noncarbonated fruit flavored drinks... 25.74 20.15 NA 22.95 Noncarbonated fruit flavored drinks, inc. non-frozen lemonade............. NA NA 23.02 23.02 Tea................................... 14.66 14.26 16.75 15.22 Nonalcoholic beer.................... NA NA 0.76 0.76 Other nonalcoholic beverages.......... 18.51 17.68 24.52 20.24 Food prepared by consumer unit on out-of- town trips............................. 43.13 44.12 48.98 45.41 Food away from home......................... 1,641.99 1,674.21 1,762.72 1,692.97 Meals at restaurants, carry-outs and other 1,300.05 1,344.40 1,363.26 1,335.90 Lunch................................... 463.89 476.89 475.88 472.22 Dinner.................................. 601.50 619.67 668.88 630.02 Snacks and nonalcoholic beverages....... 133.59 141.35 110.46 128.47 Breakfast and brunch.................... 101.08 106.49 108.05 105.21 Board (including at school)............... 43.00 46.92 50.40 46.77 Catered affairs........................... 46.07 40.77 55.38 47.41 [[Page 14210]] Food on out-of-town trips................. 178.84 167.14 213.45 186.48 School lunches............................ 46.89 47.40 54.93 49.74 Meals as pay.............................. 27.13 27.58 25.30 26.67 Alcoholic beverages........................... 313.94 321.12 296.57 310.54 At home..................................... 166.77 177.01 175.40 173.06 Beer and ale.............................. 87.98 99.54 108.74 98.75 Whiskey................................... 17.07 14.23 14.25 15.18 Wine...................................... 45.33 43.11 36.06 41.50 Other alcoholic beverages................. 16.38 20.13 16.36 17.62 Away from home.............................. 147.17 144.11 121.17 137.48 Beer and ale.............................. 46.76 48.77 42.50 46.01 Wine...................................... 25.57 22.95 16.74 21.75 Other alcoholic beverages................. 46.66 47.06 30.22 41.31 Alcoholic beverages purchased on trips.... 28.19 25.34 31.71 28.41 Housing....................................... 9,325.13 9,528.41 10,189.41 9,680.98 Shelter..................................... 5,208.28 5,431.78 5,695.83 5,445.30 Owned dwellings........................... 3,279.50 3,307.24 3,464.04 3,350.26 Mortgage interest and charges........... 1,951.95 1,984.40 1,925.26 1,953.87 Mortgage interest..................... 1,880.31 1,856.78 1,825.30 1,854.13 Interest paid, home equity loan....... 33.34 63.99 44.67 47.33 Interest paid, home equity line of credit............................... 37.94 63.32 54.73 52.00 Prepayment penalty charges............ 0.36 0.31 0.56 0.41 Property taxes.......................... 767.69 760.97 879.41 802.69 Maintenance, repairs, insurance, other expenses............................... 559.86 561.86 659.37 593.70 Homeowners and related insurance...... 164.20 176.37 209.07 183.21 Fire and extended coverage.......... 3.84 5.02 6.34 5.07 Homeowners insurance................ 160.36 171.35 202.73 178.15 Ground rent........................... 33.78 33.40 40.26 35.81 Maintenance and repair services....... 278.55 268.09 312.65 286.43 Painting and papering............... 39.24 37.27 43.27 39.93 Plumbing and water heating.......... 31.48 34.02 36.45 33.98 Heat, a/c, electrical work.......... 45.96 53.14 55.08 51.39 Roofing and gutters................. 54.11 40.98 48.91 48.00 Other repair and maintenance services (old)..................... 99.93 91.16 NA 95.55 Other repair and maintenance services........................... NA NA 112.39 112.39 Repair and replacement of hard surface flooring................... 6.47 10.16 14.76 10.46 Repair of built-in appliances....... 1.36 1.36 1.78 1.50 Maintenance and repair commodities.... 69.18 63.89 75.59 69.55 Paints, wallpaper and supplies...... 16.27 16.50 18.95 17.24 Tools and equipment for painting and wallpapering....................... 1.75 1.77 2.04 1.85 Plumbing supplies and equipment..... 7.65 5.96 8.57 7.39 Electrical supplies, heating and cooling equipment.................. 3.44 7.13 5.86 5.48 Materials for hard surface flooring, repair/replacement................. 2.17 3.13 5.08 3.46 Materials and equipment for roof and gutters............................ 6.61 6.20 5.94 6.25 Materials for plaster, panelling, siding, doors, etc................. 10.86 7.29 12.78 10.31 Materials for patio, walk, fence, driveway, etc...................... 0.55 0.67 0.52 0.58 Materials for landscaping maintenance........................ 1.77 1.15 1.48 1.47 Miscellaneous supplies and equipment 18.11 14.08 14.37 15.52 Material for insulation, other maint., and repair............... 12.55 7.84 10.19 10.19 Materials to finish basements, remodelling, etc................. 5.56 6.24 4.18 5.33 Property management and security...... 13.44 20.12 21.59 18.38 Property management................. 8.61 13.24 12.78 11.54 Management and upkeep services for security........................... 4.84 6.88 8.81 6.84 Parking............................... 0.70 NA 0.21 0.46 Rented dwellings.......................... 1,609.43 1,787.19 1,828.52 1,741.71 Rent.................................... 1,538.23 1,714.30 1,755.05 1,669.19 Rent as pay............................. 44.87 37.09 42.31 41.42 Maintenance, insurance and other expenses............................... 26.33 35.80 31.16 31.10 Tenant's insurance.................... 9.76 9.16 9.65 9.52 Maintenance and repair services....... 9.96 11.88 11.56 11.13 Repair or maintenance services (old) 9.49 11.52 NA 10.51 Repair or maintenance services...... NA NA 10.37 10.37 Repair and replacement of hard surface flooring................... 0.38 0.29 1.05 0.57 Repair of built-in appliances....... 0.08 0.07 0.13 0.09 Maintenance and repair commodities.... 6.61 14.76 9.95 10.44 Paint, wallpaper, and supplies...... 2.07 1.70 2.09 1.95 Tools and equipment for painting and wallpapering....................... 0.22 0.18 0.22 0.21 Materials for plastering, panels, roofing, gutters, etc.............. 0.43 2.86 1.23 1.51 Materials for patio, walk, fence, driveway, etc...................... 0.02 0.04 0.09 0.05 [[Page 14211]] Plumbing supplies and equipment..... 0.25 0.55 0.70 0.50 Electrical supplies, heating and cooling equipment.................. 0.34 0.26 1.36 0.65 Miscellaneous supplies and equipment 2.17 7.71 3.41 4.43 Material for insulation, other maintenance and repair........... 0.82 1.51 1.13 1.15 Termite and pest control (capital improvement)..................... NA NA NA NA Materials for additions, finishing basements, etc................... 1.34 5.90 1.67 2.97 Construction materials for jobs not started...................... 0.01 0.30 0.61 0.31 Material for hard surface flooring.. 0.59 0.90 0.54 0.68 Material for landscape maintenance.. 0.53 0.55 0.31 0.46 Other lodging............................. 319.35 337.35 403.28 353.33 Owned vacation homes.................... 92.13 115.29 122.14 109.85 Mortgage interest and charges......... 39.20 54.55 43.30 45.68 Mortgage interest................... 38.93 50.60 39.56 43.03 Interest paid, home equity loan..... 0.02 1.06 0.43 0.50 Interest paid, home equity line of credit............................. 0.26 2.88 3.31 2.15 Prepayment penalty charge........... NA NA NA NA Property taxes........................ 37.77 42.04 51.02 43.61 Maintenance, insurance, and other expenses............................. 15.17 18.70 27.82 20.56 Homeowners and related insurance.... 3.79 4.10 7.66 5.18 Homeowners insurance.............. 3.65 3.86 7.35 4.95 Fire and extended coverage........ 0.14 0.24 0.31 0.23 Ground rent......................... 2.32 1.75 3.62 2.56 Maintenance and repair services..... 5.25 7.53 11.87 8.22 Repair and remodeling services (old)............................ 5.14 7.39 NA 6.27 Repair and remodeling services.... NA NA 11.40 11.40 Repair and replacement of hard surface flooring................. 0.11 0.15 0.47 0.24 Maintenance and repair commodities.. 0.53 1.97 1.35 1.28 Paints, wallpaper, supplies....... 0.15 1.31 0.16 0.54 Tools and equipment for painting and wallpapering................. 0.02 0.14 0.02 0.06 Materials for plaster., panel., roof., gutters, etc.............. 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.07 Material for patio, walk, fence, drive, masonry, etc.............. 0.00 0.01 NA 0.01 Plumbing supplies and equipment... 0.05 0.32 0.05 0.14 Electrical supplies, heating and cooling equipment................ 0.09 0.03 NA 0.06 Miscellaneous supplies and equipment........................ 0.12 0.09 0.99 0.40 Material for insulation, other maintenance and repair......... 0.04 0.09 0.99 0.37 Material for finishing basements & remodeling rooms............. 0.08 NA NA 0.08 Materials for hard surface flooring......................... NA NA 0.03 0.03 Materials for landscaping maintenance...................... 0.06 NA NA 0.06 Property management and security.... 3.19 3.35 3.27 3.27 Property management............... 1.96 2.25 2.36 2.19 Management and upkeep services for security......................... 1.23 1.10 0.91 1.08 Parking............................. 0.09 NA 0.06 0.08 Housing while attending school.......... 59.66 54.71 59.54 57.97 Lodging on out-of-town trips............ 167.56 167.34 221.60 185.50 Utilities, fuels, and public services....... 1,961.13 1,962.49 2,170.32 2,031.31 Natural gas............................... 240.89 246.97 280.09 255.98 Utility--natural gas (renter)........... 50.96 55.98 60.54 55.83 Utility--natural gas (owned home)....... 189.11 189.86 216.97 198.65 Utility--natural gas (owned vacation)... 0.82 1.07 2.53 1.47 Utility--natural gas (rented vacation).. NA 0.06 0.05 0.06 Electricity............................... 791.57 770.65 846.21 802.81 Electricity (renter).................... 189.36 201.59 207.80 199.58 Electricity (owned home)................ 595.84 562.26 630.39 596.16 Electricity (owned vacation)............ 6.00 6.59 7.36 6.65 Electricity (rented vacation)........... 0.37 0.20 0.65 0.41 Fuel oil and other fuels.................. 103.30 93.93 98.11 98.45 Fuel oil................................ 62.83 55.61 59.27 59.24 Fuel oil (renter)..................... 5.61 7.00 6.49 6.37 Fuel oil (owned home)................. 56.67 48.25 52.38 52.43 Fuel oil (owned vacation)............. 0.51 0.36 0.40 0.42 Fuel oil (rented vacation)............ 0.04 NA NA 0.04 Coal.................................... 4.66 2.50 1.66 2.94 Coal (renter)......................... 0.26 0.05 0.55 0.29 Coal (owned home)..................... 4.38 2.44 1.12 2.65 Coal (owned vacation)................. 0.02 0.02 NA 0.02 Coal (rented vacation)................ NA NA NA NA Bottled gas............................. 27.47 27.18 30.68 28.44 Gas, btld/tank (renter)............... 4.19 4.79 4.19 4.39 Gas, btld/tank (owned home)........... 21.14 20.75 23.43 21.77 [[Page 14212]] Gas, btld/tank (owned vacation)....... 2.11 1.64 3.03 2.26 Gas, btld/tank (rented vacation)...... 0.02 NA 0.04 0.03 Wood and other fuels.................... 8.35 8.64 6.49 7.83 Wood/other fuels (renter)............. 1.37 1.59 0.61 1.19 Wood/other fuels (owned home)......... 6.92 6.71 5.81 6.48 Wood/other fuels (owned vacation)..... 0.05 0.34 0.06 0.15 Wood/other fuels (rented vacation).... NA NA NA NA Telephone services........................ 608.50 619.87 688.52 638.96 Telephone (old)......................... 48.22 0.00 NA 24.11 Telephone services in home city, excluding car phones................... 560.28 619.87 674.31 618.15 Telephone services for mobile car phones NA NA 14.21 14.21 Water and other public services........... 216.87 231.08 257.41 235.12 Water and sewerage maintenance.......... 159.33 160.22 182.67 167.41 Water/sewer maint. (renter)........... 22.04 24.38 26.75 24.39 Water/sewer maint. (owned home)....... 136.19 133.69 154.37 141.42 Water/sewer maint. (owned vacation)... 1.09 2.10 1.50 1.56 Water/sewer maint. (rented vacation).. 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.03 Trash and garbage collection............ 55.90 69.38 73.48 66.25 Trash/garb. coll. (renter)............ 7.26 7.37 9.37 8.00 Trash/garb. coll. (owned home)........ 47.64 59.92 62.61 56.72 Trash/garb. coll. (owned vacation).... 1.00 2.09 1.45 1.51 Trash/garb. coll. (rented vacation)... NA 0.01 0.04 0.02 Septic tank cleaning.................... 1.65 1.47 1.26 1.46 Septic tank clean. (renter)........... 0.07 0.11 0.01 0.06 Septic tank clean. (owned home)....... 1.57 1.29 1.23 1.36 Septic tank clean. (owned vacation)... 0.01 0.07 NA 0.04 Septic tank clean. (rented vacation).. NA NA 0.01 0.01 Household operations........................ 451.97 487.20 499.86 479.68 Personal services......................... 224.86 253.05 240.70 239.54 Babysitting............................. 83.78 85.92 81.17 84.85 Care for elderly, invalids, handicapped, etc.................................... 26.56 43.92 19.24 29.91 Day-care centers, nursery, and preschools............................. 114.51 123.21 140.29 126.00 Other household expenses.................. 227.11 234.15 259.16 240.14 Housekeeping services................... 77.46 71.70 82.83 77.33 Gardening, lawn care service............ 60.85 64.99 69.73 65.19 Water softening service................. 2.72 3.28 2.65 2.88 Household laundry, dry cleaning, sent out (nonclothing)...................... 2.21 2.32 1.79 2.11 Coin-operated laundry and dry cleaning (nonclothing).......................... 4.91 5.58 5.40 5.30 Services for termite/pest control maintenance............................ NA NA 7.46 7.46 Other home services..................... 16.79 18.38 20.11 18.43 Termite/pest control products........... 0.22 0.29 0.29 0.27 Moving, storage, freight express........ 22.73 24.37 27.54 24.88 Appliance repair, including service center................................. 16.96 15.88 15.24 16.03 Reupholstering, furniture repair........ 11.51 18.56 11.03 13.70 Repair/rental of lawn/garden equipment, tools, etc............................. 5.78 3.74 9.20 6.24 Appliance rental........................ 1.28 1.86 1.55 1.56 Rental of office equipment for nonbusiness use........................ 0.17 0.13 0.31 0.20 Repair of misc. household equipment and furnishings............................ 2.34 1.89 2.46 2.23 Repair of computer systems for nonbusiness use........................ 1.19 1.19 1.57 1.32 Rental/installation of dishwashers, range hoods, etc....................... NA NA NA NA Housekeeping supplies....................... 451.34 462.61 424.30 446.08 Laundry and cleaning supplies............. 123.66 123.97 117.94 121.86 Soaps and detergents.................... 73.49 70.41 66.49 70.13 Other laundry cleaning products......... 50.17 53.56 51.45 51.73 Other household products.................. 197.81 211.79 187.75 199.12 Cleansing and toilet tissue, paper towels and napkins..................... 62.60 60.52 60.17 61.10 Miscellaneous household products........ 91.22 94.75 80.66 88.88 Lawn and garden supplies................ 44.00 56.52 46.92 49.15 Postage and stationery.................... 129.87 126.85 118.61 125.11 Stationery, stationery supplies, giftwraps.............................. 66.09 62.59 62.86 63.85 Postage................................. 63.78 64.26 55.74 61.26 Household furnishings and equipment......... 1,252.41 1,184.33 1,399.10 1,278.61 Household textiles........................ 107.35 94.56 106.15 102.69 Bathroom linens......................... 24.61 15.62 13.89 18.04 Bedroom linens.......................... 39.34 43.17 52.67 45.06 Kitchen and dining room linens.......... 4.76 7.84 7.27 6.62 Curtains and draperies.................. 18.09 19.11 19.08 18.76 Slipcovers, decorative pillows.......... 1.36 1.42 2.08 1.62 Sewing material for slipcovers, curtains, etc.......................... 18.17 6.54 10.11 11.61 [[Page 14213]] Other linens............................ 1.04 0.86 1.04 0.98 Furniture................................. 297.24 316.15 323.70 312.36 Mattress and springs.................... 35.82 38.97 44.00 39.60 Other bedroom furniture................. 46.24 57.57 53.64 52.48 Sofas................................... 65.48 70.67 76.89 71.01 Living room chairs...................... 34.99 30.70 34.47 33.39 Living room tables...................... 14.24 17.63 14.27 15.38 Kitchen, dining room furniture.......... 46.11 42.37 49.61 46.03 Infants' furniture...................... 7.58 6.74 6.04 6.79 Outdoor furniture....................... 13.59 11.02 12.29 12.30 Occasional furniture.................... 33.18 40.48 32.50 35.39 Floor coverings........................... 128.97 61.08 131.65 107.23 Wall-to-wall carpeting (renter)......... 2.02 2.57 2.50 2.36 Wall-to-wall carpet, installed (renter)............................. 1.56 2.05 2.12 1.91 Wall-to-wall carpet, not installed carpet squares (renter).............. 0.46 0.52 0.38 0.45 Wall-to-wall carpet (replacement) (owned home).................................. 34.99 29.06 34.44 32.83 Wall-to-wall carpet, not installed, carpet squares (owner)............... 2.91 1.89 1.81 2.20 Wall-to-wall carpet, installed (replacement) (owner)................ 32.08 27.17 32.63 30.63 Room size rugs and other floor covering, nonpermanent........................... 91.96 29.45 94.72 72.04 Major appliances.......................... 131.98 144.89 152.32 143.06 Dishwashers (built-in), garbage disposals, etc. (renter)............... 0.98 0.16 0.75 0.63 Dishwashers (built-in), garbage disposals, etc. (owner)................ 9.54 7.21 10.97 9.24 Refrigerators, freezers (renter)........ 7.51 8.38 6.90 7.60 Refrigerators, freezers (owned home).... 25.85 33.30 38.91 32.69 Washing machines (renter)............... 4.28 6.28 6.05 5.54 Washing machines (owned home)........... 17.22 15.85 14.39 15.82 Clothes dryers (renter)................. 2.34 3.35 4.04 3.24 Clothes dryers (owned home)............. 7.05 9.78 9.31 8.71 Cooking stoves, ovens (renter).......... 2.18 3.11 2.42 2.57 Cooking stoves, ovens (owned home)...... 13.20 14.81 22.97 16.99 Microwave ovens (renter)................ 2.09 3.09 3.35 2.84 Microwave ovens (owned home)............ 4.85 4.74 6.48 5.36 Portable dishwasher (renter)............ 0.14 0.11 0.08 0.11 Portable dishwasher (owned home)........ 0.24 1.15 0.49 0.63 Window air conditioners (renter)........ 1.12 1.18 2.83 1.71 Window air conditioners (owned home).... 7.61 3.31 3.93 4.95 Electric floor cleaning equipment....... 15.03 13.63 13.92 14.19 Sewing machines......................... 5.19 5.15 2.92 4.42 Miscellaneous household appliances...... 5.56 10.29 1.61 5.82 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares 83.38 86.46 85.73 85.19 Housewares.............................. 57.82 62.47 60.60 60.30 Plastic dinnerware.................... 1.79 1.61 1.60 1.67 China and other dinnerware............ 11.56 11.60 11.63 11.60 Flatware.............................. 4.07 3.97 5.16 4.40 Glassware............................. 7.08 13.59 8.14 9.60 Silver serving pieces................. 3.83 1.35 1.31 2.16 Other serving pieces.................. 1.78 1.59 1.63 1.67 Nonelectric cookware.................. 11.67 11.66 15.22 12.85 Tableware, nonelectric kitchenware.... 16.02 17.08 15.92 16.34 Small appliances........................ 25.56 23.99 25.13 24.89 Small electric kitchen appliances..... 18.05 18.75 18.19 18.33 Portable heating and cooling equipment 7.52 5.23 6.94 6.56 Miscellaneous household equipment......... 503.48 481.19 599.55 528.07 Window coverings........................ 12.79 17.37 14.48 14.88 Infants' equipment...................... 10.62 5.52 7.46 7.87 Laundry and cleaning equip.............. 9.19 10.99 11.25 10.48 Outdoor equipment....................... 6.20 4.83 5.48 5.50 Clocks.................................. 4.45 3.38 5.32 4.38 Lamps and lighting fixtures............. 22.80 26.10 36.98 28.63 Other household decorative items........ 107.69 111.16 119.06 112.64 Telephones and accessories.............. 62.21 20.55 38.10 40.29 Lawn and garden equipment............... 39.58 43.15 53.17 45.30 Power tools............................. 13.25 16.15 13.51 14.30 Small miscellaneous furnishings......... 5.23 1.15 1.88 2.75 Hand tools.............................. 11.71 14.07 9.88 11.89 Indoor plants, fresh flowers............ 57.80 53.49 52.70 54.66 Closet and storage items................ 6.99 12.21 8.33 9.18 Rental of furniture..................... 3.36 3.67 4.53 3.85 Luggage................................. 7.49 7.04 8.00 7.51 [[Page 14214]] Computers and computer hardware nonbusiness use........................ 63.64 63.66 115.01 80.77 Computer software/accessories for nonbusiness use........................ 8.69 9.48 20.05 12.74 Telephone answering devices............. 5.00 4.64 3.95 4.53 Calculators............................. 2.56 1.57 2.35 2.16 Business equipment for home use......... 5.02 4.23 4.75 4.67 Other hardware.......................... 11.83 13.74 25.27 16.95 Smoke alarms (owned home)............... 0.38 0.47 0.86 0.57 Smoke alarms (renter)................... 0.09 0.06 0.15 0.10 Smoke alarms (owned vacation)........... NA NA NA NA Other household appliances (owned home). 4.63 4.40 6.69 5.24 Other household appliances (renter)..... 0.87 0.99 1.36 1.07 Miscellaneous household equipment and parts.................................. 19.42 27.08 28.95 25.15 Apparel and services.......................... 1,801.23 1,732.90 1,688.22 1,740.78 Men and boys................................ 448.88 436.86 418.74 434.83 Men, 16 and over.......................... 357.81 353.05 320.76 343.87 Men's suits............................. 39.20 43.98 32.42 38.53 Men's sportcoats, tailored jackets...... 13.84 12.04 13.87 13.25 Men's coats and jackets................. 30.48 26.12 29.56 28.72 Men's underwear......................... 12.26 14.13 12.90 13.10 Men's hosiery........................... 12.60 13.73 10.30 12.21 Men's nightwear......................... 6.24 5.84 2.73 4.94 Men's accessories....................... 34.42 33.64 29.43 32.50 Men's sweaters and vests................ 13.47 13.11 14.23 13.60 Men's active sportswear................. 12.15 11.96 11.96 12.02 Men's shirts............................ 87.10 87.25 79.19 84.51 Men's pants............................. 77.09 70.18 62.55 69.94 Men's shorts, shorts sets............... 13.53 16.40 15.91 15.28 Men's uniforms.......................... 5.00 3.70 3.35 4.02 Men's costumes.......................... 0.42 0.98 2.34 1.25 Boys, 2 to 15............................. 91.07 83.82 97.98 90.96 Boys' coats and jackets................. 4.36 5.73 6.61 5.57 Boys' sweaters.......................... 3.09 2.70 2.76 2.85 Boys' shirts............................ 21.80 19.50 21.53 20.94 Boys' underwear......................... 4.96 4.89 4.57 4.81 Boys' nightwear......................... 2.21 2.83 2.13 2.39 Boys' hosiery........................... 4.97 4.26 3.75 4.33 Boys' accessories....................... 4.58 5.19 7.57 5.78 Boys' suits, sportcoats, vests.......... 0.51 2.13 6.10 2.91 Boys' pants............................. 24.72 19.41 21.77 21.97 Boys' shorts, shorts sets............... 11.51 9.03 12.15 10.90 Boys' uniforms, active sportswear....... 7.43 7.30 7.76 7.50 Boys' costumes.......................... 0.93 0.85 1.30 1.03 Women and girls............................. 724.73 703.40 653.73 693.95 Women, 16 and over........................ 624.19 607.23 552.35 594.59 Women's coats and jackets............... 40.55 58.80 49.54 49.63 Women's dresses......................... 118.10 89.96 81.37 96.48 Women's sportcoats, tailored jackets.... 6.02 3.90 4.15 4.69 Women's vests and sweaters.............. 46.00 40.43 32.73 39.72 Women's shirts, tops, blouses........... 114.03 106.20 96.49 105.57 Women's skirts.......................... 28.63 21.52 19.13 23.09 Women's pants........................... 69.35 79.18 58.46 69.00 Women's shorts, shorts sets............. 20.40 23.33 23.01 22.25 Women's active sportswear............... 28.54 32.91 24.30 28.58 Women's sleepwear....................... 20.98 25.33 24.72 23.68 Women's undergarments................... 27.53 33.13 24.46 28.37 Women's hosiery......................... 27.13 25.01 25.02 25.72 Women's suits........................... 33.54 30.71 37.27 33.84 Women's accessories..................... 38.59 33.98 49.54 40.70 Women's uniforms........................ 1.47 1.82 0.42 1.24 Women's costumes........................ 3.34 1.01 1.73 2.03 Girls, 2 to 15............................ 100.53 96.17 101.38 99.36 Girls' coats and jackets................ 6.71 7.65 7.23 7.20 Girls' dresses, suits................... 13.87 13.23 13.99 13.70 Girls' shirts, blouses, sweaters........ 23.20 22.42 25.48 23.70 Girls' skirts and pants................. 15.56 14.87 16.06 15.50 Girls' shorts, shorts sets.............. 8.41 9.83 9.07 9.10 Girls' active sportswear................ 10.66 8.41 6.56 8.54 Girls' underwear and sleepwear.......... 6.16 6.26 7.49 6.64 Girls' hosiery.......................... 6.09 5.05 5.82 5.65 [[Page 14215]] Girls' accessories...................... 5.49 4.50 4.55 4.85 Girls' uniforms......................... 2.26 1.86 2.15 2.09 Girls' costumes......................... 2.12 2.08 2.98 2.39 Children under 2............................ 85.67 80.39 83.32 83.13 Infant coat, jacket, snowsuit............. 2.99 3.25 2.69 2.98 Infant dresses, outerwear................. 17.87 20.75 22.30 20.31 Infant underwear.......................... 51.00 46.85 49.15 49.00 Infant nightwear, loungewear.............. 3.11 4.26 3.94 3.77 Infant accessories........................ 5.15 5.28 5.23 5.22 Infant hosiery............................ 0.10 NA NA 0.10 Footwear.................................... 258.04 243.05 258.43 253.17 Men's footwear............................ 72.47 73.53 84.05 76.68 Boys' footwear............................ 29.42 31.65 34.18 31.75 Women's footwear.......................... 128.82 115.47 113.26 119.18 Girls' footwear........................... 27.33 22.41 26.94 25.56 Other apparel products and services......... 283.91 269.19 274.00 275.70 Material for making clothes............... 9.10 8.58 7.24 8.31 Sewing patterns and notions............... 3.00 2.56 2.57 2.71 Watches................................... 20.45 20.47 24.45 21.79 Jewelry................................... 121.45 108.73 108.96 113.05 Shoe repair and other shoe service........ 4.27 3.47 3.16 3.63 Coin-operated apparel laundry and dry cleaning................................. 37.63 38.61 37.33 37.86 Apparel alteration and repair............. 6.23 6.02 6.90 6.38 Clothing rental........................... 4.02 3.56 3.75 3.78 Watch and jewelry repair.................. 6.94 5.54 5.99 6.16 Apparel laundry and dry cleaning not coin operated................................. 69.99 70.94 73.18 71.37 Clothing storage.......................... 0.83 0.71 0.47 0.67 Transportation................................ 5,235.41 5,232.14 6,075.53 5,514.36 Vehicle purchases (net outlay).............. 2,154.04 2,167.03 2,703.01 2,341.36 Cars and trucks, new...................... 1,072.55 1,095.97 1,333.33 1,167.28 New cars................................ 749.65 749.56 727.70 742.30 New trucks.............................. 322.90 346.42 605.63 424.98 Cars and trucks, used..................... 1,060.67 1,033.39 1,320.82 1,138.29 Used cars............................... 742.29 737.98 866.68 782.32 Used trucks............................. 318.39 295.42 454.14 355.98 Other vehicles............................ 20.82 37.66 48.85 35.78 New motorcycles......................... 2.87 18.06 25.77 15.57 New aircraft............................ NA NA NA NA Used motorcycles........................ 17.95 9.04 23.09 16.69 Used aircraft........................... NA 10.57 NA 10.57 Gasoline and motor oil...................... 998.10 972.68 989.97 986.92 Gasoline.................................. 884.83 868.13 877.48 876.81 Diesel fuel............................... 9.23 9.86 9.16 9.42 Gasoline on out-of-town trips............. 91.98 82.43 90.64 88.35 Gasohol................................... NA NA 0.18 0.18 Motor oil................................. 11.31 11.44 11.60 11.45 Motor oil on out-of-town trips............ 0.74 0.83 0.92 0.83 Other vehicle expenses...................... 1,775.67 1,805.62 1,989.07 1,856.79 Vehicle finance charges................... 280.20 258.96 238.49 259.22 Automobile finance charges.............. 190.05 169.13 139.82 166.33 Truck finance charges................... 75.90 71.72 86.72 78.11 Motorcycle and plane finance charges.... 0.50 1.93 1.05 1.16 Other vehicle finance charges........... 13.76 16.18 10.90 13.61 Maintenance and repairs................... 641.71 627.51 700.79 656.67 Coolant, additives, brake, transmission fluids................................. 6.94 6.77 6.32 6.68 Tires - purchased, replaced, installed.. 85.76 92.70 89.79 89.42 Parts, equipment, and accessories....... 100.00 75.63 111.43 95.69 Vehicle audio equipment, excluding labor NA NA 5.45 5.45 Vehicle products........................ 3.19 3.14 5.28 3.87 Misc. auto repair, servicing............ 22.31 20.13 33.34 25.26 Body work and painting.................. 30.35 32.21 36.88 33.15 Clutch, transmission repair............. 35.98 34.71 46.56 39.08 Drive shaft and rear-end repair......... 6.97 7.96 5.94 6.96 Brake work.............................. 42.57 43.87 43.70 43.38 Repair to steering or front-end......... 12.69 15.62 18.42 15.58 Repair to engine cooling system......... 24.02 24.59 22.60 23.74 Motor tune-up........................... 46.97 46.95 42.86 45.59 Lube, oil change, and oil filters....... 33.01 35.54 39.86 36.14 Front-end alignment, wheel balance...... 11.64 12.40 NA 12.02 [[Page 14216]] Front-end alignment, wheel balance and rotation............................... NA NA 9.78 9.78 Shock absorber replacement.............. 9.13 8.25 7.04 8.14 Brake adjustment........................ 6.83 5.13 3.89 5.28 Gas tank repair, replacement............ 1.18 1.60 2.52 1.77 Repair tires and other repair work...... 33.15 33.63 27.94 31.57 Vehicle air conditioning repair......... NA NA 14.87 14.87 Exhaust system repair................... 18.36 18.29 20.56 19.07 Electrical system repair................ 26.00 28.19 31.39 28.53 Motor repair, replacement............... 79.50 73.60 69.19 74.10 Auto repair service policy.............. 5.18 6.60 5.17 5.65 Vehicle insurance......................... 619.68 638.83 698.00 652.17 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, other charges.................................. 234.08 280.31 351.79 288.73 Leased and rented vehicles.............. 95.89 125.45 196.83 139.39 Rented vehicles....................... 33.77 32.93 39.82 35.51 Auto rental......................... 12.42 8.36 6.03 8.94 Auto rental, out-of-town trips...... 15.41 16.16 26.09 19.22 Truck rental........................ 2.10 2.71 1.68 2.16 Truck rental, out-of-town trips..... 2.49 5.20 4.61 4.10 Motorcycle rental................... NA NA NA NA Aircraft rental..................... 0.27 0.24 0.16 0.22 Motorcycle rental, out-of-town trips 0.50 0.07 0.09 0.22 Aircraft rental, out-of-town trips.. 0.58 0.20 1.16 0.65 Leased vehicles....................... 62.11 92.52 157.01 103.88 Car lease payments.................. 47.74 69.08 104.24 73.69 Cash downpayment (car lease)........ 2.12 8.22 9.84 6.73 Termination fee (car lease)......... 0.16 0.14 0.44 0.25 Truck lease payments................ 11.01 12.47 38.15 20.54 Cash downpayment (truck lease)...... 1.09 1.52 4.30 2.30 Termination fee (truck lease)....... NA 1.08 0.03 0.56 State and local registration............ 75.17 87.09 82.74 81.67 Driver's license........................ 7.27 7.41 7.34 7.34 Vehicle inspection...................... 8.31 9.03 8.78 8.71 Parking fees............................ 23.86 23.01 27.47 24.78 Parking fees (old).................... 1.34 0.00 NA 0.67 Parking fees in home city, excluding residence............................ 19.97 20.52 24.17 21.55 Parking fees, out-of-town trips....... 2.54 2.49 3.30 2.78 Tolls................................... 8.71 10.98 10.47 10.05 Tolls on out-of-town trips.............. 4.51 4.18 4.69 4.46 Towing charges.......................... 4.89 5.02 5.37 5.09 Automobile service clubs................ 5.48 8.14 8.10 7.24 Public transportation....................... 307.60 286.82 393.48 329.30 Airline fares............................. 183.39 173.89 253.06 203.45 Intercity bus fares....................... 7.84 10.90 11.57 10.10 Intracity mass transit fares.............. 54.01 48.57 49.28 50.62 Local trans. on out-of-town trips......... 3.34 8.74 10.19 7.42 Taxi fares on trips....................... 17.17 5.14 5.99 9.43 Taxi fares................................ 6.78 6.46 8.23 7.16 Intercity train fares..................... 14.66 17.38 17.13 16.39 Ship fares................................ 19.63 14.54 36.91 23.69 School bus................................ 0.77 1.21 1.12 1.03 Health care................................... 1,563.01 1,653.66 1,768.03 1,661.57 Health insurance............................ 652.12 727.65 818.43 732.73 Commercial health insurance............... 213.85 232.16 251.06 232.36 Blue Cross, Blue Shield................... 148.51 173.35 159.34 160.40 Health maintenance plans (HMO's).......... 95.76 90.57 127.97 104.77 Medicare payments......................... 101.70 111.33 157.72 123.58 Commercial medicare supplements........... 92.29 120.24 122.35 111.63 Medical services............................ 561.20 546.03 567.28 558.17 Physician's services...................... 179.39 170.75 159.89 170.01 Dental services........................... 179.38 174.32 194.50 182.73 Eyecare services.......................... 25.60 29.20 29.81 28.20 Service by professionals other than physician................................ 29.83 32.66 32.95 31.67 Lab tests, x-rays......................... 25.91 31.35 25.73 27.66 Hospital room............................. 36.47 37.42 44.70 39.53 Hospital service other than room.......... 53.30 44.63 54.60 50.84 Medical care in retirement community...... NA NA NA NA Care in convalescent or nursing home...... 21.05 13.48 13.21 15.91 Repair of medical equipment............... NA NA NA NA Other medical care services............... 8.07 12.24 11.88 6.77 [[Page 14217]] Drugs....................................... 258.20 284.99 294.24 279.14 Nonprescription drugs..................... 73.86 80.16 84.17 79.40 Prescription drugs........................ 184.34 204.83 210.08 199.75 Medical supplies............................ 91.49 94.98 88.07 91.51 Eyeglasses and contact lenses............. 59.02 57.35 54.20 56.86 Hearing aids.............................. 3.50 7.13 0.94 3.86 Topicals and dressings.................... 21.63 24.32 24.55 23.50 Medical equipment for general use......... 2.32 2.25 2.41 2.33 Supportive and convalescent medical equipment................................ 3.48 2.85 3.82 3.38 Rental of medical equipment............... 0.35 0.35 0.72 0.47 Rental of supportive, convalescent medical equipment................................ 1.19 0.74 1.43 1.12 Entertainment................................. 1,523.49 1,525.52 1,619.28 1,556.10 Fees and admissions......................... 384.49 375.11 451.13 403.58 Recreation expenses, out-of-town trips.... 16.61 15.32 22.00 17.98 Social, recreation, civic club membership. 84.15 85.24 87.17 77.42 Fees for participant sports............... 69.06 61.15 73.87 68.03 Participant sports, out-of-town trips..... 20.12 21.17 27.40 22.90 Movie, theater, opera, ballet............. 66.54 64.92 78.89 70.12 Movie, other admissions, out-of-town trips 19.72 27.20 37.79 28.24 Admission to sporting events.............. 20.69 22.94 32.52 25.38 Admission to sports events, out-of-town trips.................................... 17.42 9.08 12.59 13.03 Fees for recreational lessons............. 53.57 52.76 56.90 54.41 Other entertainment services, out-of-town trips.................................... 16.61 15.32 22.00 17.98 Television, radios, sound equipment......... 476.38 493.86 545.23 505.16 Televisions............................... 328.75 331.31 376.08 345.38 Community antenna or cable tv........... 180.20 188.40 209.78 192.79 Black and white tv...................... 1.81 3.06 2.23 2.37 Color tv - console...................... 18.13 21.37 25.51 21.67 Color tv - portable, table model........ 44.32 41.51 54.63 46.82 VCR's and video disc players............ 40.40 31.41 32.98 34.93 Video cassettes, tapes, and discs....... 17.60 18.88 22.55 19.68 Video game hardware and software........ 15.04 16.25 19.24 16.84 Repair of tv, radio, and sound equipment 10.23 9.60 8.79 9.54 Rental of televisions................... 1.03 0.81 0.36 0.73 Radios, sound equipment................... 147.62 162.55 169.15 159.77 Radios.................................. 10.24 10.71 9.05 10.00 Phonographs............................. 0.60 0.87 NA 0.74 Tape recorders and players.............. 5.75 5.32 5.86 5.64 Sound components and component systems.. 30.53 35.56 31.51 32.53 Miscellaneous sound equipment........... 0.34 1.68 1.51 1.18 Sound equipment accessories............. 3.22 4.28 4.83 4.11 Compact disc, tape, record and video mail order clubs....................... 8.04 8.97 13.11 10.04 Records, CDs, audio tapes, needles...... 29.54 31.01 37.80 32.78 Rental of VCR, radio, and sound equipment.............................. 0.70 0.79 0.35 0.61 Musical instruments and accessories..... 16.03 20.45 17.62 18.03 Rental and repair of musical instruments 2.42 2.11 2.06 2.20 Rental of video cassettes, tapes, films, and discs.............................. 40.22 40.79 45.45 42.15 Pets, toys, and playground equipment........ 286.11 281.46 305.98 291.18 Pets...................................... 168.99 167.12 177.55 171.22 Pet food................................ 85.02 84.94 82.75 84.24 Pet purchase, supplies, medicine........ 23.73 24.72 29.36 25.94 Pet services............................ 16.52 13.87 16.52 15.64 Vet services............................ 43.72 43.58 48.92 45.41 Toys, games, hobbies, and tricycles....... 112.46 112.38 125.48 116.77 Playground equipment...................... 4.66 1.96 2.95 3.19 Other entertainment supplies, equipment, and services................................... 376.51 375.10 316.93 356.18 Unmotored recreational vehicles........... 14.05 33.20 29.18 25.48 Boat without motor and boat trailers.... 3.85 14.72 5.16 7.91 Trailer and other attachable campers.... 10.20 18.48 24.02 17.57 Motorized recreational vehicles........... 154.19 142.45 81.72 126.12 Motorized camper coaches and other vehicles............................... 75.13 77.70 43.13 76.42 Purchase of boat with motor............. 79.05 64.75 38.58 60.79 Rental of recreational vehicles........... 3.71 1.90 2.42 2.68 Rental noncamper trailer................ 0.03 0.05 0.13 0.07 Boat and trailer rental, out-of-town trips.................................. 2.13 0.47 0.74 1.11 Rental of campers, etc. on out-of-town trips (old)............................ NA NA NA NA Rental of campers on out-of-town trips.. 0.17 0.54 0.39 0.37 Rental of other vehicles on out-of-town trips.................................. 1.09 0.40 0.66 0.72 Rental of boat.......................... 0.02 0.05 0.10 0.06 [[Page 14218]] Rental of campers, other r.v.'s......... 0.27 0.39 0.40 0.33 Outboard motors........................... 1.91 2.17 2.05 2.04 Docking and landing fees.................. 4.50 5.77 5.05 5.11 Sports, recreation and exercise equipment. 111.11 102.67 115.10 109.63 Athletic gear, game tables, and exercise equipment.............................. 45.33 45.98 54.37 48.56 Bicycles................................ 19.23 16.46 14.10 16.60 Camping equipment....................... 4.50 3.77 3.61 3.96 Hunting and fishing equipment........... 20.54 16.92 20.58 19.35 Winter sports equipment................. 5.30 3.19 4.99 4.49 Water and miscellaneous sport equipment. 14.50 14.68 15.51 14.59 Rental and repair of misc. sports equipment.............................. 1.70 1.68 1.95 1.78 Photographic equipment and supplies....... 81.69 81.66 74.17 79.17 Film.................................... 21.01 20.32 20.48 20.60 Other photographic supplies............. 1.43 0.17 0.31 0.64 Film processing......................... 28.58 27.09 28.34 28.00 Repair and rental of photographic equipment.............................. 0.55 0.39 0.33 0.42 Photographic equipment.................. 14.65 13.47 12.63 13.58 Photographer fees....................... 15.47 20.23 12.09 15.93 Fireworks................................. 1.08 0.63 0.76 0.82 Souvenirs................................. 0.45 1.21 0.49 0.72 Visual goods.............................. 1.09 0.57 1.49 1.05 Pinball, electronic video games........... 2.72 2.88 4.50 3.37 Personal care products and services........... 418.96 408.21 414.76 413.98 Personal care products...................... 228.19 223.41 235.24 228.95 Hair care products........................ 45.03 42.44 49.23 45.57 Nonelectric articles for the hair......... 6.41 5.35 7.26 6.34 Wigs and hairpieces....................... 1.77 1.23 0.89 1.30 Oral hygiene products, articles........... 27.93 28.07 25.52 27.17 Shaving needs............................. 10.65 9.46 12.64 10.92 Cosmetics, perfume, bath preparation...... 98.28 103.29 106.82 102.80 Deodorants, feminine hygiene, misc. personal care............................ 32.28 28.78 28.40 29.82 Electric personal care appliances......... 5.85 4.80 4.46 5.04 Personal care services...................... 190.77 184.80 179.53 185.03 Personal care service for females......... 103.69 98.60 89.46 97.25 Personal care service for males........... 86.99 86.08 89.94 87.67 Repair of personal care appliances........ 0.09 0.12 0.12 0.11 Reading....................................... 168.07 165.57 171.39 168.34 Newspapers.................................. 70.41 70.60 70.94 70.51 Magazines................................... 39.74 38.78 39.53 39.26 Newsletters................................. 0.27 0.67 0.15 0.36 Books thru book clubs....................... 12.22 10.56 11.44 11.41 Books not thru book clubs................... 40.22 41.38 47.99 43.20 Encyclopedia and other sets of reference books...................................... 5.21 3.58 1.33 3.37 Education..................................... 433.88 423.79 469.39 442.35 College tuition............................. 230.54 237.86 275.33 247.91 Elementary and high school tuition.......... 65.77 69.99 65.45 67.07 Other schools tuition....................... 39.08 16.39 15.34 23.60 Other school expenses including rentals..... 17.66 18.40 19.50 18.52 School books, supplies, equipment for college.................................... 37.22 36.94 39.14 37.77 School books, supplies, etc. for elementary high school................................ 6.41 6.89 9.71 7.67 School books, supplies, etc. for day care, nursery, other............................. 3.11 3.64 3.49 3.41 School supplies, etc. - unspecified......... 34.10 33.67 41.43 36.40 Tobacco products and smoking supplies......... 277.79 278.59 261.81 272.73 Cigarettes.................................. 255.97 256.67 238.23 250.29 Other tobacco products...................... 18.68 19.51 21.96 20.05 Smoking accessories......................... 3.14 2.41 1.62 2.39 Miscellaneous................................. 877.79 794.63 810.79 827.74 Miscellaneous fees, pari-mutuel losses...... 48.28 60.93 50.63 53.28 Legal fees.................................. 80.65 88.62 119.22 96.16 Funeral expenses............................ 54.07 51.73 91.97 65.92 Safe deposit box rental..................... 6.18 5.88 5.79 5.95 Checking accounts, other bank service charges.................................... 25.63 26.45 27.69 26.59 Cemetery lots, vaults, maintenance fees..... 15.42 16.64 19.45 17.17 Accounting fees............................. 46.16 47.58 44.90 46.21 Miscellaneous personal services............. 32.25 41.90 27.76 33.97 Finance charges excluding mortgage and vehicle.................................... 253.58 227.00 228.84 236.47 Occupational expenses....................... 99.47 109.07 94.19 100.91 Expenses for other properties............... 207.48 110.86 94.77 137.70 Interest paid, home equity line of credit (other property)........................... 1.77 0.80 0.50 1.02 [[Page 14219]] Credit card memberships..................... 6.86 7.17 5.08 6.37 Cash contributions............................ 1,040.14 1,020.99 1,066.81 1,042.65 Cash contributions to non-CU memb., incl. child sup., etc............................ 277.71 240.72 292.68 270.37 Gifts of cash, stocks and bonds to non-CU members.................................... 219.98 249.31 228.78 232.69 Contributions to charity.................... 97.36 105.65 102.81 101.94 Contributions to church..................... 407.43 378.37 404.30 396.70 Contributions to educational organizations.. 21.71 31.50 22.66 25.29 Contributions to political organizations.... 7.64 7.22 8.33 7.73 Other contributions......................... 8.31 8.21 7.25 7.92 Personal insurance and pensions............... 3,141.56 3,083.40 3,404.08 3,209.68 Life and other personal insurance........... 353.85 354.24 413.43 373.84 Life, endowment, annuity, other personal insurance................................ 340.55 342.74 395.89 359.73 Other nonhealth insurance................. 13.30 11.50 17.54 14.11 Pensions and Social Security................ 2,787.71 2,729.16 2,990.65 2,835.84 Deductions for government retirement...... 80.17 77.00 84.07 80.41 Deductions for railroad retirement........ 4.55 3.03 5.38 4.32 Deductions for private pensions........... 268.34 264.82 324.08 285.75 Non-payroll deposit to retirement plans... 334.61 337.62 331.09 334.44 Deductions for Social Security............ 2,100.03 2,046.70 2,246.03 2,130.92 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Data might not be statistically significant. Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix 4--Consumer Expenditure Surveys [Pre-published Data for All Consumer Units Nationwide*] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $10,000 to $15,000 to $20,000 to $30,000 to $40,000 to $50,000 and $14,999 $19,999 $29,999 $39,999 $49,999 over ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Average income before taxes: 1991........................ $12,340.00 $17,301.00 $24,816.00 $34,402.00 $44,548.00 $79,902.00 1992........................ 12,437.00 17,420.00 24,560.00 34,439.00 44,442.00 81,602.00 1994........................ 12,340.00 17,229.00 24,721.00 34,402.00 44,388.00 84,162.24 Average............... 12,372.33 17,316.67 24,699.00 34,414.33 44,459.33 81,888.75 Goods and services: 1991........................ 7,262.65 8,319.82 9,715.90 13,134.61 14,944.06 21,598.60 1992........................ 6,735.63 8,878.05 10,200.76 12,021.89 15,600.83 20,967.26 1994........................ 6,989.07 8,346.77 10,014.51 12,274.85 14,404.18 21,193.80 Average............... 6,995.78 8,514.88 9,977.06 12,477.12 14,983.02 21,253.22 Food at home: 1991........................ 2,267.82 2,379.01 2,517.57 2,959.22 3,321.94 3,841.29 1992........................ 2,060.61 2,473.08 2,558.40 2,785.24 3,265.99 3,799.25 1994........................ 2,219.92 2,437.04 2,597.85 2,833.99 3,175.54 3,797.84 Average............... 2,182.78 2,429.71 2,557.94 2,859.48 3,254.49 3,812.79 Food away from home: 1991........................ 945.30 1,084.27 1,316.78 1,803.69 2,316.13 3,113.47 1992........................ 841.79 1,201.22 1,405.80 1,771.87 2,354.17 3,131.93 1994........................ 822.30 1,089.35 1,334.07 1,820.82 2,211.78 3,383.08 Average............... 869.80 1,124.95 1,352.22 1,798.79 2,294.03 3,209.49 Alcohol: 1991........................ 140.42 248.53 270.50 389.51 404.39 563.87 1992........................ 200.85 223.45 324.37 313.65 374.96 590.09 1994........................ 135.15 215.61 287.46 347.42 327.07 495.08 Average............... 158.81 229.20 294.11 350.19 368.81 549.68 Domestic Service: 1991........................ 170.38 109.83 171.63 229.79 273.86 469.21 1992........................ 151.62 129.29 147.99 222.40 398.61 559.53 1994........................ 85.17 111.05 203.94 235.13 310.43 489.65 Average............... 135.72 116.72 174.52 229.11 327.63 506.13 Furnishings & household operations: 1991........................ 1,009.62 1,125.48 1,466.95 2,104.83 2,361.30 3,924.40 1992........................ 970.65 1,370.53 1,587.26 1,932.32 2,427.52 3,651.88 1994........................ 1,128.53 1,178.62 1,521.80 1,938.32 2,574.21 4,075.65 Average............... 1,036.27 1,224.88 1,525.34 1,991.82 2,454.34 3,883.98 Clothing: 1991........................ 1,093.80 1,178.28 1,325.86 1,951.82 2,186.30 3,520.50 [[Page 14220]] 1992........................ 889.14 1,093.68 1,563.66 1,603.41 2,267.24 3,394.31 1994........................ 790.15 1,079.54 1,464.58 1,672.99 1,890.64 3,188.54 Average............... 924.36 1,117.17 1,451.37 1,742.74 2,114.73 3,367.78 Recreation: 1991........................ 723.92 980.12 1,270.25 1,908.30 2,058.64 3,485.92 1992........................ 755.24 1,146.23 1,302.99 1,726.85 2,558.20 3,374.39 1994........................ 828.97 1,060.46 1,342.40 1,741.22 2,128.85 3,451.76 Average............... 769.38 1,062.27 1,305.21 1,792.12 2,248.56 3,437.36 Personal Care: 1991........................ 288.37 304.89 364.44 450.76 527.30 722.72 1992........................ 229.68 340.56 376.85 405.19 528.27 702.54 1994........................ 256.43 286.31 348.68 454.00 491.54 693.28 Average............... 258.16 310.59 363.32 436.65 515.70 706.18 Tobacco: 1991........................ 257.39 306.61 291.80 323.27 355.15 293.08 1992........................ 242.99 287.66 296.57 321.75 321.76 300.33 1994........................ 222.20 250.93 280.57 340.50 295.12 278.18 Average............... 240.86 281.73 289.65 328.51 324.01 290.53 Professional Services: 1991........................ 365.63 602.80 720.12 1,013.42 1,139.05 1,664.14 1992........................ 393.06 612.35 636.87 939.21 1,104.11 1,463.01 1994........................ 500.25 637.86 633.16 890.46 999.00 1,340.74 Average............... 419.65 617.67 663.38 947.70 1,080.72 1,489.30 Housing: 1991........................ 4,700.82 5,318.86 6,091.15 7,384.48 8,488.72 12,253.50 1992........................ 5,063.74 5,566.03 6,434.77 7,383.31 9,071.67 12,721.51 1994........................ 5,231.62 5,948.47 6,764.14 7,878.29 9,000.79 12,785.95 Average............... 4,998.73 5,611.12 6,430.02 7,548.69 8,853.73 12,586.99 Transportation: 1991........................ 3,108.18 3,296.23 4,641.29 5,764.38 7,119.40 9,201.49 1992........................ 2,830.29 3,352.10 4,803.28 5,744.17 6,992.50 9,305.77 1994........................ 2,757.80 4,313.27 5,598.36 6,010.98 8,886.15 10,415.29 Average............... 2,898.76 3,653.87 5,014.31 5,839.84 7,666.02 9,640.85 Private transportation: 1991........................ 2,952.36 3,118.89 4,434.71 5,473.96 6,809.12 8,535.49 1992........................ 2,704.31 3,171.96 4,570.31 5,504.80 6,638.47 8,663.84 1994........................ 2,560.05 4,021.24 5,343.02 5,696.30 8,493.93 9,583.58 Average............... 2,738.91 3,437.36 4,782.68 5,558.35 7,313.84 8,927.64 Air fares & other transportation expenses: 1991........................ 155.82 177.34 206.58 290.42 310.28 666.00 1992........................ 125.98 180.14 232.97 239.37 354.03 641.93 1994........................ 197.75 292.03 255.34 314.68 392.22 831.71 Average............... 159.85 216.50 231.63 281.49 352.18 713.21 Miscellaneous: 1991........................ 2,831.11 3,165.50 4,318.05 5,771.11 7,086.75 12,656.03 1992........................ 2,530.29 3,280.40 4,349.33 5,801.25 7,754.49 12,924.24 1994........................ 2,567.73 3,238.07 4,336.49 6,018.55 7,526.50 13,270.22 Average............... 2,643.04 3,227.99 4,334.62 5,863.64 7,455.91 12,950.16 Health care: 1991........................ 1,350.11 1,422.83 1,559.13 1,612.87 1,690.72 2,137.27 1992........................ 1,409.04 1,652.24 1,647.83 1,711.96 1,953.77 2,262.82 1994........................ 1,484.32 1,666.38 1,578.60 1,761.97 2,007.63 2,447.22 Average............... 1,414.49 1,580.48 1,595.19 1,695.60 1,884.04 2,282.44 Cash contributions: 1991........................ 764.72 647.89 728.00 863.26 986.19 2,418.40 1992........................ 509.71 515.63 688.17 834.21 1,424.12 2,515.30 1994........................ 396.39 455.67 771.77 1,049.71 1,005.01 2,428.04 Average............... 556.94 539.73 729.31 915.73 1,138.44 2,453.91 Personal insurance: 1991........................ 716.28 1,094.78 2,030.92 3,294.98 4,409.84 8,100.36 1992........................ 611.54 1,112.53 2,013.33 3,255.08 4,376.60 8,146.12 1994........................ 687.02 1,116.02 1,986.12 3,206.87 4,513.86 8,394.96 Average............... 671.61 1,107.78 2,010.12 3,252.31 4,433.43 8,213.81 Consumer units: 1991........................ 9,252 7,821 13,467 11,079 8,019 17,833 [[Page 14221]] 1992........................ 10,053 8,294 14,616 10,448 7,967 18,181 1994........................ 9,780 7,851 13,975 10,922 8,280 20,609 Percentage of Owners with Mortgage: 1991........................ 16% 23% 32% 46% 58% 73% 1992........................ 15% 23% 31% 44% 58% 71% 1994........................ 14% 17% 31% 44% 53% 68% Percentage of Renters: 1991........................ 48% 46% 43% 32% 25% 13% 1992........................ 50% 45% 43% 33% 25% 14% 1994........................ 49% 47% 42% 34% 25% 15% Owners as Percentage of Renters Plus Owners with Mortgages: 1991........................ 25.00% 33.33% 42.67% 58.97% 69.88% 84.88% 1992........................ 23.08% 33.82% 41.89% 57.14% 69.88% 83.53% 1994........................ 22.22% 26.56% 42.47% 56.41% 67.95% 81.93% Average............... 23.43% 31.24% 42.34% 57.51% 69.24% 83.45% Renters as Percentage of Renters Plus Owners with Mortgages: 1991........................ 75.00% 66.67% 57.33% 41.03% 30.12% 15.12% 1992........................ 76.92% 66.18% 58.11% 42.86% 30.12% 16.47% 1994........................ 77.78% 73.44% 57.53% 43.59% 32.05% 18.07% 76.57% 68.76% 57.66% 42.49% 30.76% 16.55% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Data may not be statistically significant. Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Appendix 5:--Item Descriptions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Food at Home: Ground Beef............................. Price per lb. of fresh not frozen average size package of regular ground beef with no more than 25% fat content. Do not price lean, ground chuck, ground round, frozen beef et cetera. Do not price family-pack, value-pack, super-saver pack, or equivalent. Round Steak, Boneless................... Price per lb. of an average size package. Do not price family- pack, value-pack, super-saver pack or equivalent. Do not price frozen steak. Order of choice: Boneless beef round, Boneless top round, Boneless bottom round. Round Roast, Boneless................... Price per lb. of an average size package. Do not price family- pack, value-pack, super-saver pack or equivalent. Do not price frozen roast. Order of choice: Boneless rolled rump, Sirloin tip rolled, Boneless top round. Pork Chops, Bone In..................... Price per lb. of an average size package. Do not price family- pack, value-pack, super-saver pack or equivalent. Do not price frozen chops. Order of choice: Center cut, rib chop; Loin chops with bone. Bacon, Sliced........................... 16 OZ (1LB) package, regular sliced bacon. Do not price Canadian bacon, extra thick sliced, or extra lean. Order of choice: Oscar Mayer, Hormel, Armour, Dubuque. Chicken, Whole.......................... Price per lb. of fresh whole fryer chicken. Do not price family- pack, value-pack, super-saver pack or equivalent. Do not price frozen chicken or roasters. Fish Filet, Frozen...................... Price per lb. of frozen ocean whitefish filet. Do not price breaded filets. Do not price family-pack, value-pack, super-saver pack or equivalent. Order of choice: Cod, Haddock, Snapper, Mahi- Mahi. Tuna, Canned............................ Chunk light, packed in water (Not fancy style). Order of choice: Star Kist, Chicken of the Sea, Bumble Bee. Lunch Meat.............................. 8 OZ pkg., Oscar Mayer. Order of choice: Bologna, Cotto Salami. Ham, Canned............................. 3 LB tin of canned ham. Do not price Hormel's supreme cut ham or equivalent. Order of choice: Hormel, Dubuque, Bar-S. Frankfurter............................. All beef 16 OZ (1LB) package. Do not price chicken, turkey, extra lean, or fat free frankfurters. Order of choice: Oscar Mayer, Hormel, Dubuque, Ballpark. Eggs, Large............................. 1 dozen. Order of choice: local brand, regional brand. Fish, Fresh............................. Price per lb. of salmon steak. Do not price special prepared skinless or boneless varieties. Do not price family-pack, value- pack, super-save pack, or equivalent. Milk, 2%................................ Gallon (128 FL OZ) store brand, 2%. Cheddar Cheese.......................... 10 OZ package mild cheddar cheese. Order of choice: Kraft Cracker Barrel, Tillamook. Ice Cream............................... 1/2 gallon (2 QT) of store brand vanilla ice cream. Do not price ice milk or frozen yogurt. Bread, White............................ 16 OZ loaf of sliced white bread. Do not price store brand. Order of choice: Wonder, Sunbeam, Holsum, Regional brand. Spaghetti, Dry.......................... 16 OZ box or bag. Order of choice: Creamettes, American Beauty, Mission, Golden Grain, San Georgio. Cereal.................................. 20 OZ box of cereal. Do not price significantly larger or smaller size. Order of choice: Post Raisin Bran, Kellogg's Raisin Bran, Kellogg's Frosted Mini-Wheats. Cookies................................. 18 - 20 OZ package. Order of choice: Nabisco Oreo Cookies, Keebler Chips Deluxe, Nabisco Chips Ahoy. Frozen Waffles.......................... Package of frozen waffles. Order of choice: Kellogg's Eggo. [[Page 14222]] Hamburger Buns.......................... Package of 8 sliced enriched white hamburger buns. Do not price store brand, whole wheat or sesame seed buns. Order of choice: Wonder, Sunbeam, Regional brand. Cake.................................... Package of two cellophane wrapped, cream-filled sponge cake deserts. Do not price fresh baked desserts, boxed, or family packs. Order of choice: Hostess Twinkie, Krispy Kreme, Hostess Cupcake, Dolly Madison Zinger. Apples, Fresh........................... Price per LB of apples, loose (not in bag). If only bagged apples are available, report the weight of the bag. Order of choice: Red delicious, Golden delicious. Bananas, Fresh.......................... Price per lb. of bananas. If sold by bunch report price and weight of bunch. Tomatoes, Fresh......................... Price per lb. of medium-size tomatoes. Do not price organic, 'hydro', plum, or extra fancy tomatoes. Potatoes................................ 10 LB bag of Russet baking potatoes. Do not price loose potatoes. If 10 lb bag is not available, substitute nearest size bag and note price and size. Do not price, white, red or new potatoes. Frozen Orange Juice..................... 12 FL OZ (makes 48 FL OZ) of frozen orange juice concentrate. Do not price calcium fortified, pulp free, country style etc. Order of choice: Minute Maid, Sunkist, Whole Sun. Fruit Juice............................. 48 ounce bottle of cranberry juice. Do not price frozen or boxed drink or drink in significantly different size bottle. Order of choice: Ocean Spray Cranberry Cocktail, Ocean Spray Cranapple. Peaches, Canned......................... 16 OZ can sliced yellow cling peaches. Order of choice: Libby's, Del Monte. Peas, Frozen............................ 16 OZ package of frozen peas. Do not price peas with sauce or Green Giant Select. Order of choice: Green Giant, Birdseye, Hanover. Green Beans, Canned..................... 14.5 OZ can of cut green beans. Do not price French style or canned vegetable mixtures. Order of choice: Del Monte, Green Giant. Oranges, Fresh.......................... Price per lb. of loose NAVEL oranges. If only bagged oranges are available, also report the weight of the bag. Order of choice: California navel, Florida navel. Lettuce, Fresh.......................... Price per lb. of iceberg lettuce. If lettuce is sold by the head, report the price and weight of an average head. Find equivalent- size heads at each store. Celery, Fresh........................... Price per lb. for celery. Do not price celery hearts or Pascal type celery. If celery is only sold by the bunch, report the price and the weight of an average bunch. Find equivalent size bunches at each store. Fruit Drink............................. 46 FL OZ can. Do not price plastic bottles, powdered mixes, or individual serving sized drinks. Order of choice: Hawaiian Punch, Hi-C regular. Soft Drink.............................. 2 liter plastic bottle. Order of choice: Coca-Cola, Pepsi. Coffee, Ground.......................... 13 OZ can ground coffee. Do not price decaffeinated or special roasts. Order of choice: Folger's Drip, Maxwell House, Hill's Bros. Canned Soup............................. 1 can Campbell's soup. Do not price hearty, reduced fat or salt free varieties. Order of choice: Vegetable, Chicken Noodle, Vegetable Beef, Turkey Noodle, Chicken and Rice. Snack Food.............................. 6 OZ bag or box of potato chips. Order of choice: Ruffles, Lays. Salt.................................... 26 OZ box of iodized salt. Do not price sea-salt, kosher-style salt etc. Order of choice: Morton, Ivory, Regional brand, Store brand. Ketchup................................. 28 OZ plastic squeeze bottle. Order of choice: Heinz. Cooking Oil............................. 48 FL OZ bottle. Order of choice: Crisco, Wesson, Mazola. Margarine............................... 4 sticks (1 LB). Order of choice: Blue Bonnet, Parkay. Frozen Dinner........................... Swanson 11.5 OZ (326 G) frozen turkey dinner. Dinner should include whipped potatoes, peas, and fruit compote. Do not price Hungry Man or equivalent extra-portion sizes. Jello Gelatin........................... 3 OZ box gelatin dessert. Order of choice: Jell-O, Royal. Baby Food............................... 4 OZ jar strained vegetables or fruit. Order of choice: Gerber Second Foods, Heinz. Candy Bar............................... Regular size candy bar ranging in weight from 1.55 oz to 2.13 oz. Do not price king-size or multi-pack candy bars. Order of choice: Snickers, Hershey's, Mars, 3-Musketeers, Butterfinger. Sugar, Granulated....................... 5 LB bag of granulated cane or beet sugar. Do not price superfine or generic. Order of choice: Non-store brand, Store brand. Bottled Water........................... 1 gallon (128 FL OZ) bottled spring water (store brand). Do not price sparkling or distilled water. Food Away from Home: Breakfast............................... Two strips of bacon or 2 sausages, 2 eggs, toast, and coffee or juice. Report percentages added for tax, tip and service charge. Order of choice: Denny's, Bob Evans, Any equivalent restaurant. Lunch................................... Cheeseburger platter with fries and small soft drink. Report percentages added for tax, tip and service charge. Order of choice: Denny's, Sizzlers, Any equivalent restaurant. Pizza Lunch............................. 1 personal size cheese pizza (or 1 slice of cheese pizza). Include small soft drink and gratuity. Do not price salad. Order of choice: Pizza Hut, Any equivalent restaurant. Dinner.................................. New York Strip, small side dish (e.g., rice or potato), side salad or salad bar, and coffee. Meal should not include dessert. Report percentages added for tax, tip and service charge. Order of choice: Denny's, Sizzlers, Any equivalent restaurant. Pizza Dinner............................ 1 12-inch diameter cheese pizza with regular crust (not thin or extra thick) and no extra toppings. Include small drink and gratuity. Do not price salad. Order of choice: Pizza Hut, Any equivalent restaurant. Fast Food Meal.......................... Big Mac or Whopper, medium french fries, and medium coke. Price a combo meal, if a suitable one is offered. Order of choice: MacDonalds, Burger King, Any equivalent outlet. Ice Cream Cone.......................... Regular (1 scoop) vanilla ice cream cone. Do not price frozen yogurt. Order of choice: Baskin-Robbins, Any equivalent outlet. Tobacco: Cigarettes, King Size................... 1 carton (200 cigarettes) of Winston filter kings soft pack. Do not price generic brand. Alcohol: Beer At Home............................ Six-pack of Budweiser 12 OZ cans (Puerto Rico - 10 OZ cans.) Do not price refrigerated beer unless that is all that is available. Wine At Home............................ 1.5 L of Chablis blanc. Order of choice: Gallo, Inglenook. Beer Away............................... Glass of Budweiser/Miller Lite beer. Wine Away............................... Price 1 glass of house white wine. [[Page 14223]] Furnishings, Household Operations: Lawn Care Service....................... Price to cut and trim a 1/4 acre lot on a weekly basis. Do not include other yard services (e.g. fertilizing, raking, or watering). Housekeeping Services................... Price per hour for bi-weekly cleaning. House approximately 2,000 sq. ft. Family size four. Services include--Bathroom(s): sanitize walls, floor, counter tops, bathtub, stool; Kitchen: sanitize walls, counter tops, cabinets, appliances; Living and Dining Room; dust, polish furniture, and vacuum; Bedroom; polish furniture and vacuum. If other services are included please note. Report the number of cleaners and estimated number of hours to complete service. Moving.................................. Price per hour for a within-city move, two men with enclosed van. Include any van rental fees. Do not include any extra insurance options or specialty packaging options. Note number of men if other than two used. Toilet Tissue........................... 4 roll pack. Do not price family-pack, double pack, value-pack, super-saver size package, or equivalent. Order of choice: Cottonelle, Northern, Charmin. Pen..................................... 10 pack round stick medium pen. Order of choice: Bic, Papermate. Parcel Post............................. Cost to United States Parcel of mailing a 5 lb. package to each of the following cities: Chicago, Los Angeles, New York. Laundry Soap............................ 100 FL OZ of liquid household laundry detergent. Do not price detergent with bleach or whiteners. Order of choice: Tide, Cheer, Wisk, Surf. Plant Food.............................. 8 OZ container of indoor plant food. Order of choice: Miracle Grow. Bed Sheet Set........................... 1 set queen-size no-iron cotton & polyester percale sheets (180 thread count). 1 set consists of 1 fitted sheet, 1 flat sheet, and two pillowcases. Do not price designer sheet sets. Price sheet sets with minimum design. Order of choice: Fieldcrest, New Concept, Dan Rivers, Colour Forum, Available brand. Bath Towel.............................. 27x50 inch bath towel made of 100% cotton. Order of choice: Cannon, Heir Loom, Fieldcrest, Royal Velvet. Dining Room Table....................... Pedestal oak veneer tabletop with 4 spindled hardwood chairs. Living Room Chair....................... Recliner. Bedroom Set............................. Include items such as chest, nightstand, and bed frame. Washing Machine......................... Super capacity washing machine with 4 water temperatures, 8 wash cycles, 4 water levels, white porcelain tub, self-clean lint filter, fabric softener dispenser and 2 speed combinations. Order of choice: Maytag Model #LAT960, General Electric Model #WWSR3090T, Whirlpool Model #LSC8244D. Kitchen Range........................... 30-inch electric range with upswept cook-top, removable coil elements, electronic clock with timer, oven light, delay-start cook control, storage drawer, self-cleaning oven with two oven racks and a porcelain enamel broiler pan. Order of choice: Maytag Model #CRE9500, General Electric Model #JBP47GV, Whirlpool Model #RF385PXDQ. Refrigerator............................ No-frost top-mount 20.5 to 21.5 cubic ft. refrigerator with reversible doors, glass shelves, moisture controlled crisper drawers, and meat drawer. Door contains 1 or more covered compartments and adjustable bins. Freezer has adjustable door bins and ice trays. Do not price models with ice makers, chilled water dispensers, or other extra features. Order of choice: Maytag Model #RTD2100DAE, General Electric Model #TBX21ZAX, Whirlpool Model #ET21DKXD. Vacuum.................................. Upright vacuum cleaner with 6.5 to 7.5 amps, 120 volts, six above- the-floor attachments, height adjustment, regular bag and 20 to 25 foot cord. Order of choice: Eureka Model #9334AT, Hoover Model #U4263-930, Hoover Model #U4293-930, Eureka Model #9205. Two-slice Toaster....................... Two-slice toaster, chrome body, wide slot with pastry defrost setting. Order of choice: Proctor Silex Model #T620B, Proctor Silex Model #22100. Baking Dish............................. 8 inch square glass baking dish (any color). Do not include cover or lid. Order of choice: Pyrex, Anchor Hocking. China................................... Corelle Abundance pattern tableware set. Set consists of 20 pieces: 4 dinner plates, 4 luncheon plates, 4 bowls, 4 cups, and 4 saucers. The pattern is beige with a fruit and flower motif. Order of choice: Corelle Impressions, New Corelle. Electric Drill.......................... Reversible, variable speed, 7 to 9 volt, cordless electric drill with 3 hour recharge. Order of choice: Black and Decker Model #9052, Skil Model #2236. Red Roses, Fresh Cut.................... 1 dozen long stemmed, fresh cut red roses. Do not price boxed or arranged Hammer.................................. Curved claw hammer with a 16 OZ head, wood handle, high carbon steel head, black finish. Overall length 13 1/4''. Please price an inexpensive hammer. Do not price hammers with non-wooden handles or hammers typically used by carpenter. Order of choice: Stanley Model #51616, Vaughan Model #F16. Area Rug................................ 8'x11' oval, braided rug Snow Blower............................. Four cycle, 8 to 9 HP two-stage gas snow thrower. Order of choice: Honda Model #H5828KITA, Simplicity Model #970M, Toro Model #38540. Lawn Trimmer............................ Gas powered, 30 or 31 CC two-cycle engine single line lawn trimmer with a 17 or 18 inch wide cut. Window Shade............................ Light-filtering, unfringed 37.5 width window shade. Clothing: Man's Jeans............................. Regular loose fit inexpensive, non-designer jeans. Do not price bleached, stone-washed or designer jeans. Order of choice: Wranglers, Lee's regular fit. Man's Dress Shirt....................... White or solid color, long sleeve, button cuff, plain collar dress shirt, approximately 35% cotton, 65% polyester. A dress shirt will have exact collar and sleeve sizes. Example: 15 1/2 inch collar, 34 inch sleeve. Order of choice: Arrow, Van Heusen, Moose Creek, Pour Homme. Boy's Jeans............................. Regular fit (size 9-14), inexpensive jeans. Do not price bleached, stone-washed or designer jeans. Wranglers, Lee's, Rustlers. Boy's T-shirt........................... Screen-printed t-shirt commonly worn by boys ages 8 thru 10 (size 7-14). Pullover with crew neck, short sleeves and polyester/ cotton blend. Order of choice: Ocean Pacific, Team Shirts (NFL), Miller, Hanes. [[Page 14224]] Man's Undershirt........................ White 100% cotton undershirts with short sleeves, set of three. If not in set of three, report the number of undershirts in package. Order of choice: Fruit of the Loom, Hanes. Man's Insulated Underwear Top........... White light weight, crew neck thermal underwear top of cotton and polyester. Order of choice: J.E. Morgan, Hanes. Man's Suit.............................. Double-breasted suit in worsted wool. Ventless back. Man's Jacket............................ Denim jacket. Relaxed fit and machine washable. Man's Parka............................. Park with polyester & cotton shell. Lower body nylon lining. Detachable hood, multiple pockets and drawstring at waist. Woman's Dress........................... Sleeved shirtwaist dress appropriate for office attire. Exclude any unusual ornamentation. Dress should be unlined and 100% rayon or 100% polyester. Order of choice: Stewart Allen, Lesley Fay, California Design, Perception, Store label. Woman's Blouse.......................... 100% polyester, white, long sleeve, button front blouse with minimum trim. Order of choice: Wrapper, Girls Girls Girls, Christy Jill, Jacelyn Ferrare, Bill Blass. Woman's Slacks.......................... Misses unlined slacks appropriate for office attire. The slacks should be a blend of cotton and polyester without a belt. Order of choice: Donnkenny, Alfred Dunner, Fundamental Things, Counterpart, Jump. Woman's Accessory....................... Split-grain, cowhide leather, checkbook clutch wallet. Do not price eel skin, snake skin or other varieties. Order of choice: Michael Stevens, Mundi, Cadillac, Amity, Buxton. Girl's Dress............................ Cotton blend long-sleeve dress appropriate for school. Exclude extra ornamentation. For girls ages 8 through 10 (size 7-14). Order of choice: Carter's, JoLene, Bendina, Jazz Kids, Byer. Girl's Jeans............................ Jeans, for girls ages 8 through 10 years (size 7-14). Order of choice: Zenna, Rider, Lee, Bongo. Girl's Knit Top......................... Knit long sleeve pullover of cotton/poly blend. For girls ages 8 thru 10 (size 7-14). Order of choice: Spumoni, Hot Shots, Lee, New Moves, Freeze Frames. Woman's Coat............................ 100% wool, double-breasted coat. Woman's Jacket.......................... Hooded slicker. Zip front design lined in 100% cotton. PVC vinyl shell. Woman's Sweater......................... Cotton knit crewneck pullover sweater. Machine wash. Infant's Sleeper........................ One-piece sleeping garment with legs, covering the body including the feet. Order of choice: Gerber, Playskool, Health Tex, Carter, Fruit of the Loom. Disposable Diaper....................... 36 count package disposable diapers, (child 12-18 LBS). Do not price larger size diapers. Order of choice: Pampers, Luv's, Huggies. Man's Shoes............................. 100% leather wing tips. Order of choice: Bostonian, Rockport, Giorgio Brutini. Woman's Shoes........................... Woman's pump style shoes with enclosed heel and toe, leather uppers and the rest of man-made materials. Heel height should be approximately two inches. Order of choice: Naturalizer, Capezio, Calico. Man's Boots............................. 8 inch waterproof, insulated leather boot with Cambrelle lining. Order of choice: Timberland, Sorel, Donner. Woman's Boots........................... Calf height boot with pile or fleece lining, urethane upper, side zipper, broad-based one-inch heel, and non-skid traction sole. Order of choice: Naturalizer, Timberland, Sorel. Jewelry................................. 1 pair 6mm 14K gold ball earrings for pierced ears. Coin Laundry............................ 1 load of laundry using a regular size, top loading commercial washing machine. Do not include cost of drying. Dry Clean Man's Suit.................... Dry clean a man's 2-piece suit of typical fabric. Domestic Service: Day-care................................ 1 month of day-care for a 3-year-old child (5 days a week, about 8 hours per day). If monthly rate is not available: 1) obtain weekly rate and record in the comment section 2) multiply weekly rate by 4.33 to obtain monthly rate 3) record monthly rate in the regular price field. Babysitter.............................. Average hourly rate for 1 child, age four years, evening, before midnight. (Teenager in your home.) Do not price commercial baby- sitting service. Special Instructions: If typical for your area, you may wish to obtain quotes from friends who use teenage babysitters. Professional Services: Legal Services.......................... Fee for a standard residential real estate closing. Fee should include all paperwork and attendance at the lending institution closing. Accounting Services..................... Hourly rate for individual tax work (not business). Price rate for Federal 1040 tax form service with typical itemized deductions. Charge Card Finance Charges............. Finance charges on a major charge card through a local bank. Assume average monthly balance is $1500. Please report the financial charges on the first month's balance of $1500. Do Not include principal payments or annual fees. Annual fees are reported separately, but both charges must be obtained for the same card. Order of choice: Mastercard, VISA. Charge Card Annual Fee.................. Annual fee on major charge card through local bank. Note: Finance charges are reported separately, but both charges must be obtained for the same card. Order of choice: Mastercard, VISA. Funeral Services........................ The charge for a direct cremation. Includes removal of remains, local transportation to crematory, necessary body care and minimal services of the staff. Do not include the fee for the crematory, container or use of facilities and staff. Personal Care: Woman's Cut And Styled Blow Dry......... Regular service for a woman's cut and styled blow dry. Include wash but do not include curling iron if extra. Man's Haircut........................... Man's typical haircut. Do not include wash. Lipstick................................ 1 tube of lipstick. Order of choice: Revlon Super Lustrous, Revlon Moondrops, L'Oreal. Shampoo................................. 15 ounce bottle of shampoo for normal hair. Order of choice: Suave, VO5, White Rain. Recreation: Bowling................................. 1 game of open (or non-league) 10-pin bowling on Saturday night. Exclude cost of shoe rental. If priced by the hour, report the estimated number of games per hour. Do not price duck-pin bowling. [[Page 14225]] Golf.................................... 18 holes of golf on a weekend. Do not price par 3 courses. Do not include golf-cart rental, or special early-bird or off hours pricing in cost. If only 9 hole rate is available, report twice the price. If only daily rate is available (unlimited number of holes), report the Saturday or Sunday rate. Please ask if the course is publicly-owned or privately-owned and record this information in the comment section. Movie Theater........................... Typical adult price for regular length, current-release (currently advertised on television) evening film. Report weekend evening price if different from weekday. Health Club............................. Regular individual membership for 1 year for existing member. Do not include any initial fees assessed only to new members or any special offers provided only to new members. If yearly rate is not available, price per month and note as a monthly rate. Services must include free weights, cardiovascular equipment, aerobic classes, and tennis or racquetball court(s). Note if pool or other significant services are also offered. Piano Lessons........................... Private lesson for a beginner one-half hour in length. Downhill Skiing......................... 1 lift ticket on Saturday. Roller Skating.......................... 1 session of open skating on Saturday night. Exclude cost of skate rental. Video Rental............................ Price to rent 1 video tape of recently released movie, Saturday night (1 day or minimum rental period) rate. Non-member fee. Video Recorder.......................... VCR with 4 video heads, double azimuth, unified TV/VCR remote, one- year eight event timer, auto tracking, LED display, and HI-FI stereo. Order of choice: Zenith Model #VR4205, Sony Model #SLV740, JVC Model #HRJ620. Compact Disc............................ Regular price for a current best-selling CD. Do not price double CD's. Order of choice: Jagged Little Pill, Waiting to Exhale. Compact Disc Player..................... 5 disc CD player with rotary changer system, 10 key access, 32 track programming, 8 times over sampling, and a remote. Order of choice: Sony Model #CDPC745, Technics Model #SLPD887, JVC Model #XLF215TN. Color Television........................ 20 inch table model color TV with a remote, auto channel search, closed captions, sleep timer, on-screen channel/time and menus, channel flashback, and 181 channel tuning. Order of choice: Zenith Model #SR2031, Sony Model #KV20TS32, JVC Model #C20CL6. Basic Cable Service..................... 1 month of basic cable channel TV. Report the number of channels offered. If basic service provides 12 or fewer channels, price the next level of service. Do not include hookup charges or premium (e.g., movie) channels. Convert monthly cost to price per channel per month. Veterinary Services..................... Typical fee for general office visit for a small dog. Pet Food................................ 5.5 OZ can of cat food. Order of choice: Purina, 9 Lives, Whiska, Friskies. Film Developing......................... Price to process and print 35 millimeter, 24 exposure, 100 ASA color. Regular size (3 X 5) single prints only. Camera Film............................. 35 millimeter, 24 exposure, 100 ASA Kodak camera film in single pack. Tennis Balls............................ Can of three heavy-duty felt, yellow, tennis balls. Order of choice: Wilson, Penn. Board Game.............................. Board game. Do not price deluxe edition. Order of choice: Monopoly, Sorry, Scrabble. All-terrain Vehicle..................... All terrain sports vehicle with four-wheel drive and a 250 to 300 CC (approximate sizes) engine. Do not price industrial ATV's (similar to sports model but heavier duty) or ``Arctic Cat'' models. Order of choice: Honda Model #TRX399FW, Suzuki Model #250LT4WDT, Polaris Model #W968040, Kawasaki Model #KLF300C. Personal Water Craft.................... Sit-down jet ski. Order of choice: SkiDoo, Arti Cat Tiger Shark Montego, Polaris SL700 Model #B964066, Kawasaki 750SS Model #JH750E, Seadoo Model #SPX8777. Motor Scooter........................... 50 CC scooter. 1 seater with electric start, oil injection 2- stroke engine. Order of choice: Yamaha JOG Model #CY50, Honda Elite Model #SA50. Book.................................... Store price (not publisher's price unless that is the store price) for top selling paperback book. Order of choice: Waiting to Exhale, Eyes of a Child, Hidden Jewel. Magazine................................ Store price (not publisher's price unless that is the store price) for a single copy. Order of choice: Time, Newsweek, U.S. News & World Report. Regional Newspaper...................... 1 year of home delivery of the largest selling daily regional paper (including Sunday edition) distributed in the area. Do not include tip. In Alaska, price the major Anchorage newspaper. In Hawaii, price the major Honolulu newspaper. Miscellaneous Expense Component: Non-aspirin Pain Reliever............... 60 tablets of extra-strength Tylenol. Do not price caplets or gelcaps. Tetracycline Prescription............... 40 capsules of tetracycline, 250 milligram strength. Contact Lenses.......................... 1 year supply of soft 2 week replacement contact lenses. Order of choice: Medalists, Sequence, AcuVue, NewVue, Precision. Dentist Clean And Check Teeth........... Charge for x-rays, exam and prophylaxis (light scaling and polishing) or cleaning of teeth without special treatment of gums or teeth. Do not price initial visit. Do not price specialist or oral surgeon. Doctor Office Visit..................... Typical fee, after the initial visit, for an office visit when medical advice or simple treatment is needed. Do not include the charge for a regular physical examination, injections, medication or lab tests (routine brief visit). Price general practitioner. Do not price specialist. Hospital Room........................... Daily charge for a semi-private room. Include food and routine care. Exclude cost of operating room, surgery, medicine, lab fees, etc. Do not price speciality rooms, e.g., those in cardiac care units. Housing-Related Component: Electric Bill........................... Average monthly consumption in KWH and dollars; customer service charge; cost for first xxx KWH; cost for over first xxx KWH. Gas/Oil Bill............................ Average monthly consumption in cu. ft./gallons and dollars; customer service charge; cost for first cu. ft./gallons; Cost for over first xxx cu. ft/gallons. Water Bill.............................. Average monthly consumption in gallons and dollars; customer service charge; cost for first xxx gallons; cost for over xxx gallons. [[Page 14226]] Real Estate Taxes....................... Current real property tax rate, any special charges that are added to the tax bill and any homestead credits that might be deducted from the bill. Report when properties were last assessed and what base year tax rate should be applied to the assessment. Report when rates are certified and when bills are mailed. Bathroom Caulking....................... 5.5 OZ plastic tube of latex white bathroom caulking. Do not price caulking gun cartridge. Order of choice: DAP Kwik Seal, Red Devil, GE Silicone II. Electrical Outlet....................... 2-plug 15-amp (duplex) grounded electrical outlet. This is a standard wall outlet or plug commonly found in homes. Price blister pack or cardboard mounted (individually packaged) only. Do not price loose electric outlet. Order of choice: GE, Levitron, Eagle. Electrical Work......................... Labor to add circuit breaker for dishwasher. Cut 3/4 inch hole in wooden floor for cable. Connect dishwasher directly to power box (power box is easy to reach). Report price per hour, estimated time for job, & travel. Exclude cost of materials. Fire Extinguisher....................... Fire extinguisher with a UL rating of 10 BC, 2.5 lb. size. Order of choice: Kidde, First Alert. Interior Painting....................... Labor to paint 12' x 14' living room with 8' ceilings. Walls are plaster or drywall in good repair. Two standard sized sash windows, 1 picture window, 1 standard wood door. Rooms have simple wood baseboards and trim. Existing paint is latex, flat white, smooth finish, about 3 yrs old. Trim paint is latex, white, gloss enamel, about 3 yrs old. Walls and trim require no surface preparation. Report price per hour, estimated time for job, and travel. If flat charge, report estimated time to complete job. Do not include materials. Latex Interior Paint.................... 1 gallon white, interior flat latex paint. Price a national brand with 1 coat coverage. Order of choice: Dutch Boy, Glidden, Ben Moore, Sherwin Williams, Martin-Senior, Pittsburgh, Benjamin Moore. Pest Control............................ Basic pest control maintenance (1 visit to control crawling insects, not wood eating), based on the inside of a 1,200 sq. ft. single story home. Price follow-up maintenance only, not the initial application. Unclog Drain............................ Labor to unclog kitchen sink drain by mechanical means (snake, auger, etc.). Don't include trap removal. Assume clog is in the plumbing inside the house, not in the yard. Obtain hourly rate, estimated time for job, and travel. Exclude cost of materials, and extra charge for excess travel, overtime, weekend or emergencies. Kitchen Faucet.......................... Single control chrome-plated faucet with spray. Faucet is solid brass and stainless steel quality construction with copper waterways, washer less design, and triple chrome plating. Faucet sprayer should sit in a separate holder. Do not price decorator or ``in the deck'' models (sprayer sits in a hole in the faucet base or ``deck''). Warrantied for as long as the home is owned. If pricing Brand 2 (Delta), a 2-year warranty is acceptable. Order of choice: Peerless 8500-ECP, Delta 400. Mortgage Interest....................... Current interest rate for a 30-year loan on the average house assuming 80 percent financing. Homeowner Insurance..................... Report annual renewal premium for HO-2 type coverage. If the company does not refer to the coverage as HO-2, obtain the cost for a comprehensive coverage that covers ``all risk for dwelling and named peril for contents'' with contents at replacement value. Renter Insurance........................ Report price of HO-4 type coverage; assume value of contents at $25,000 for lower and middle income, and $30,000 for upper income. Long Distance Call...................... 10 minute calls received on a weekday in New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles at 8:00 p.m. (local time); direct dial from the location being surveyed to these three cities. Include any federal, state, local or excise tax that is applicable. Telephone Service....................... Monthly cost for unmeasured touch tone service. Include tax. Do not include options such as call waiting, call forwarding or fees for equipment rental. Homeowners and Renters: Homeowners.............................. Selling price, sale date, age, room count (when available), square footage, and price per square foot for selected income profile houses. Information was collected from various sources, including real estate professionals, appraisers, MLS data, assessors' offices, and private sources. Renters................................. Monthly rent for 1-bedroom and 2-bedroom apartments, and for 2 and 3-bedroom detached houses or townhouses, along with estimates of the prevailing range of rental rates in each area (low, median, and high). To the extent practical, obtain square footage of the unit, total room count, whether utilities are included, and special amenities. Obtain overall rental rate trends in the area. Obtain data from brokers and non-brokers. Transportation Component: Vehicles................................ 1996 Honda Civic DX four door sedan, 1.5 Liter 4 Cylinder. 1996 Chevrolet Blazer, T-Series, Two Door, four wheel drive, 4.3 Liter 6 Cylinder. 1996 Ford Taurus GL four door sedan, 3.0 Liter 6 Cylinder. Gasoline................................ Gallon of self-service unleaded regular gasoline. In Alaska, use full-service price. Tune-up................................. Basic tune-up for each vehicle. Include replacing spark plugs (do not price platinum), check distributor cap, and rotor. Check and adjust ignition timing. Adjust idle speed. Inspect air cleaner. Do not include cost to replace PVC valve, fuel filter or air filter. Sales tax should not be included in price. Oil Change.............................. Oil change for each vehicle. Include parts and labor for the following: drain old oil, replace oil filter and refill with appropriate number of quarts of 10W30 SG grade oil. If SG grade not available, price SF grade oil. ATF Change.............................. Price to change automatic transmission fluid in each vehicle. Include parts and labor for the following: drain and replace transmission fluid and test vehicle. Include filter and pan gasket replacement. Coolant Flush and Fill.................. Price to flush and fill engine coolant in each vehicle. Include parts and labor for the following: remove old coolant, flush contaminants, and replace with new coolant. Muffler System.......................... Complete muffler system for each vehicle. Include parts and labor for the following: install all parts after the catalytic converter. These parts include mid pipes, clamps, muffler, and tail pipes. One-Time Taxes.......................... Report any one-time sales or other taxes associated with a new car purchase for each vehicle. Annual Misc. Taxes...................... Annual miscellaneous tax (e.g., personal property tax, use tax, etc.) for each vehicle. Report how rate is determined, give formula for new vehicle purchase, give formula for subsequent year (2 to 5) and explain billing. [[Page 14227]] Regular Tires........................... Black Side Wall P175/70R13 for the Honda Civic. Order of choice: Goodyear Invicta GL, Michelin LX1, BF Goodrich Touring TA. Black Side Wall P205/75R15 for Chevrolet blazer. Order of choice: Goodyear Wrangler AT, Michelin XCHF, BF Goodrich Radial TA. Black Side Wall P205/65R15 for the Ford Taurus GL. Order of choice: Goodyear Invicta GL, Michelin XW4, BF Goodrich Touring TA. License And Registration................ Title fee (including lien fee), passenger vehicle registration fees, plate fees, inspection fees (safety and emissions), administration/clerical/other fees and local added fees for each vehicle. Automobile Finance...................... The interest rate for a 4-year loan based on a down payment of 20 percent. Assume the loan applicant is a current bank customer who will make payments by cash/check and not by automatic deduction from the account. Automobile Insurance.................... Coverage identified below. Assume that vehicles are used in commuting 15 miles one-way per day, 15,000 mi/yr and that the driver is a 35-year-old married male with no accidents or violations in the last 5 years. Include related expense fees and taxes. Include applicable safety feature discounts. COVERAGES (BI 100/300,000 PD 25,000 Med 15,000 or PIP 50,000 UM 100/300,000. Com 100 deductible. Col 250 ded). If these deductibles are not available, price the policy with the closest coverage available. CVJ Boots............................... The replacement of the inner and outer CVJ Boots (constant velocity joint) on both front wheels for a 3-year old (1993) edition of each vehicle. Studded Snow Tire....................... Studded P175/70R13, P205/65R15, and P205/75R15 snow tire for Honda Civic DX, Ford Taurus GL, and Chevy Blazer, respectively. Order of choice: Goodyear Ultra Grip, Michelin XM+SA Alpin, BF Goodrich Trailmaker Plus. Residual Value.......................... Retail value of a 48-month old edition of each vehicle. Round Trip Airfare...................... Lowest cost round trip tickets offered by major airlines to Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Seattle, and St. Louis. Daytime departure, maximum 14-day advance purchase, and minimum 7- day stay over. Disregard other restrictions. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Appendix 6.--Principal Pricing Changes [Goods and Services/Miscellaneous Expenses/Housing Related] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Current Previous Reason ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Charge card annual fee....... Not surveyed...... New item. 2. Charge card finance charges.. Not surveyed...... New item. 3. Funeral services............. Not surveyed...... New item. 4. Motor scooter................ Not surveyed...... New item. 5. Personal water craft......... Not surveyed...... New item. 6. Parcel post.................. Not surveyed...... New item. 7. Accounting service; Federal Accounting Change improves 1040 tax form service with service; price comparison. typical itemized deductions. unspecified personal tax service. 8. Area rug..................... Toilet lid cover.. Change improves brand comparison and better representation of consumer expenditure survey. 9. Baking dish.................. Casserole dish set Change improves brand comparison. 10. Boy's jeans; discount store. Boy's jeans; More widely used department store. outlet. 11. Contact lenses.............. Optometrist visit. Change improves price comparison. 12. Fruit juice; cranberry...... Tomato juice...... More representative of a fruit juice purchase. 13. Girl's knit top............. Girl's blouse..... More widely purchased item. 14. Hospital room; semi-private. Hospital room; More typical of private. hospital stays. 15. Lawn care service........... Appliance repair.. Change improves price comparison and better representation of consumer expenditure survey. 16. Legal services; real estate Legal services; More widely used closing. general counsel. service. 17. Man's jeans; discount store. Man's jeans; More widely used department store. outlet. 18. Round trip airfare; multiple Round trip Expands cost areas. airfare; Los information base. Angeles. 19. Snack cake.................. Donuts............ Change improves brand comparison. 20. Tune-up without PVC valve, Tune-up with PVC Change improves fuel filter, and air filter valve, fuel price comparison replacement. filter, and air and facilitates filter data collection. replacement. 21. Basic cable service; price Basic cable Change improves per channel per month. service; monthly price comparison. rate. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Appendix 7.--Nonforeign Area Cost-of-Living Allowances Price Survey Data Collection Procedures Survey Description The following information will be provided to the participants verbally or in writing. Participants who are familiar with the program and the survey may be provided with less information as appropriate. Purpose The Federal Government pays cost-of-living allowances (COLA) in Alaska, Hawaii, and certain U.S. territories and possessions. Living cost differences are determined by comparing costs of goods, services, housing, transportation, and other items in the allowance area with the cost of the same or similar items and services in the Washington DC area. The U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is responsible for the operation of the COLA program. Data Collection OPM, or its representative, conducts annual Price Surveys to determine living cost differences. Local governments, retail outlets, realty firms, and businesses providing professional and other services to be [[Page 14228]] surveyed are identified through the use of full-scale Background Surveys, conducted approximately once every five years. Participation in the Price Surveys is voluntary. Data are collected by telephone and/or personal interview. Wherever practical and appropriate, the price of each good or service is obtained from at least three outlets in each allowance area and at least six outlets in the reference area (i.e., the Washington, DC, area). Realty data may be obtained from one or multiple sources, as appropriate. Release of Information The price data collected from participating firms may be made available to Congress or to the general public upon request. This includes the name of the company and prices of items or services surveyed. The names of proprietors, managers, or other individuals who provide price information generally will not be made public. However, the Government may release the names of individuals who, on the basis of their expertise, provide opinions or estimates. Public Burden Information Public burden reporting for this collection of information is estimated to vary from 1 to 20 minutes per response. Send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestion for reducing this burden to Reports and Forms Management Officer, U.S. Office of Personnel Management, 1900 E Street, NW., Room CHP 500, Washington, DC 20415; and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (3206090199), Washington, DC 20503. Nonforeign Area Cost-of-Living Allowances Price Survey Data Collection Procedures Interview Guidelines Three types of information are collected in price surveys: price of goods and services, rental rates and related information, and home prices and related information. The following are the typical interview questions used to collect these data. Price Information Collection 1. What is the regular (non-sale) price of ____________________________________ (a specific item or service)? Examples of items include, but are not limited to: Chuck Roast, Bone In. Price per pound. Average size package (e.g., not a `family' or `bonus' pack). lst Choice: Arm pot roast. 2nd Choice: Eye roast. Peas, Frozen. Price for 10 ounce package. lst Choice: Bird's Eye. 2nd Choice: Major brand of equivalent quality. Men's Jeans. Price for one pair of blue jeans. 1st Choice: Levi's #501 jeans. 2nd Choice: Equivalent quality jeans. Automobile, New. `Sticker' price of current year model Honda Civic, DX, four door sedan, 1.5 liter, four cylinder engine. (Price options, fees, financing, and taxes separately.) Example of services include, but are not limited to: Woman's Haircut and Styling. `Regular service' price for a woman's cut and styled blow dry. Include wash, but do not include use of curling iron if there is an extra charge. Unclog Drain. Price to unclog kitchen drain by mechanical means (snake, auger, etc.). Only include pipe removal if necessary to access trap. Film Developing. Price to process and print 35 millimeter, 24 exposure, 100 ASA color roll film. Single prints only, standard size and finish. Doctor, Office Visit. Typical fee, after the initial visit, for an office visit when medical advice or simple treatment is all that is needed. Do not include the charge for a complete physical examination, injections, medication, laboratory tests, or similar services. Oil Change. Price of a regular oil change including oil and filter for a current year model Honda Civic DX sedan, 1.5 liter, 4 cylinder engine. 2. Prices of many of the items can be obtained ``off-the-shelf'' without assistance. Occasionally, when a specific item is not available, assistance from sales or other personnel may be required to identify and price substitution items of comparable quality and quantity. 3. Prices of most services are obtained by telephone or personal interview. A few services are priced with little or no assistance. For example, prices may be obtainable from a displayed price schedule, list, or menu. Housing Component--Rental Information Collection 1. Describe the location, size, layout, number and types of rooms, and square footage or your rental units. 2. Are they apartments, duplexes, town houses, detached houses, or other types of units? Describe. 3. Are there additional amenities (e.g., pool, sauna, tennis courts, gym)? If so, describe. 4. What is the monthly rent? What is the amount of the security deposit (if any)? What other kinds of fees or assessments are there? 5. Are utilities included? Which ones? If you can, please provide information on average monthly or annual costs of utilities paid by tenants. 6. Are term leases usually required? What are the conditions and penalties associated with the lease? 7. Are there any special restrictions or other factors we should know about (e.g., seasonal tourist trade)? Housing Component--Information Collection for Comparable Sales 1. Describe the location, size, layout, number and types of rooms, and square footage of some of your recent home sales. 2. Were they condominiums, duplexes, town houses, detached houses, or other types of dwellings? Describe. 3. Were there any atypical characteristics (e.g., extra large lot sizes, beach front, desirable/undesirable locations)? 4. Are there additional amenities provided by the developer, homeowners association, or similar community group (e.g., pool, sauna, tennis courts, gym)? If so, describe facilities and charges. 5. What was the selling price and date of sale? 6. What are the real estate taxes? 7. Do you have any data on utilities relating to these homes? 8. In the past year or so, what has been the average appreciation rate of property in this community? Looking back over the past six years, has this rate changed? How? 9. Describe current market conditions (e.g., soft, booming, so- so). How has this affected housing prices? Describe the housing market over the past six years. 10. Are there any special considerations or other factors we should know about (e.g., retirement/tourist trade) that might affect the housing market in this community? BILLING CODE 6325-01-F [[Page 14229]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN25MR97.016 [[Page 14230]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN25MR97.017 [[Page 14231]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN25MR97.018 [[Page 14232]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN25MR97.019 BILLING CODE 6325-01-C [[Page 14233]] Nonforeign Area Cost-of-Living Allowances Background Survey Data Collection Procedures Survey Description The following information will be provided to the participants verbally or in writing. Participants who are familiar with the program and the survey may be provided with less information as appropriate. Purpose The Federal Government pays cost-of-living allowances (COLA) in Alaska, Hawaii, and certain U.S. territories and possessions. Living cost differences are determined by comparing costs of goods, services, housing, transportation, and other items in the allowance area with the cost of the same or similar items and services in the Washington, DC, area. The U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is responsible for the operation of the COLA program. OPM, or its representative, conducts annual surveys to determine living cost differences. OPM conducts full-scale Background Surveys approximately once every five years to review the appropriateness of items, services, and businesses covered in the annual Price surveys. Elements of the Background Survey may be repeated annually on a limited basis as part of the maintenance of and preparation for the annual Price Surveys. OPM uses the Background Survey to identify the services, items, quantities, outlets, and locations that will be surveyed to collect living cost data within the allowance areas and the Washington, DC, area. The Background Survey also is used to collect information on local trade practices, consumer buying patterns, taxes and fees, and other economic characteristics related to living costs. Data Collection Full-scale Background Surveys are conducted approximately once every five years. OPM identifies major manufacturers, local governments, retail outlets, realty firms, and businesses providing professional services to be surveyed on the basis of business volume and local prominence. Participation is voluntary. Data are collected by telephone and/or personal interview. Confidentiality All data collected are used only for the purposes described above. The Government pledges to hold all micro or ``raw'' data collected in confidence. Names of participating businesses and institutions may be released. Names of individuals are not released. Summary data will be made available to the public only to the extent that micro data cannot be associated with data sources. Public Burden Information Public burden reporting for this collection of information is estimated to vary from 5 minutes to 30 minutes per response. Send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestion for reducing this burden to Reports and Forms Management Officer, U.S. Office of Personnel Management, 1900 E Street NW., Room CHP 500, Washington, DC 20415; and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (3206090199), Washington, DC 20503. Nonforeign Area Cost-of-Living Allowances Background Survey Data Collection Procedures Interview Guidelines Seven types of information are collected in background surveys. Information is collected on products and services, outlet availability and usage, transportation, local taxes and fees, mortgage, real estate, and other topics related to the measurement of living costs (e.g., specialized information from local chambers of commerce, colleges, and universities). The following are the typical interview questions used to collect these data. Product or Service Information 1. As a major manufacturer/supplier of ____________________________________ (a specific product or service, e.g., women's apparel), please identify your items/services that are most popular (e.g., your `volume sellers'). 2. Which of these items are apt to be readily available in the following geographic locations: Alaska (i.e., Anchorage, Fairbanks, and Juneau); Hawaii; Guam; Puerto Rico; the Virgin Islands; and Washington, DC, and suburbs? 3. If the items or services are not universally available, are there other items or services that are of similar function, quality, quantity, size, and type that can be substituted? 4. Is there anything else we should know about your product or service? Are there recommendations you wish to make that would help us in our data collection? Outlet Availability and Usage (Retail) 1. What is your product or service? What is the address(es) of your establishment(s)? If you have multiple locations, which locations have the greatest sales volumes (i.e., are most utilized by consumers)? 2. What are your store/office hours? Do these vary by location? 3. Is your full line of products or services available at all locations? 4. Is there anything else we should know about your outlet(s) or recommendations you wish to make? Transportation Information--Private and Public Services 1. What type of transportation services do you provide (e.g., taxi, bus, subway)? 2. What geographic areas do you service? Which routes are `typical' or most heavily utilized? 3. What is your rate structure? Does it vary by time of day or season? 4. Is there anything else we should know about transportation usage and services in your area? Are there recommendations you wish to make about our data collection? Transportation Information--Private Use and Maintenance 1. What types of driving are most common in your area? What is the annual distance driven? 2. What types of roads and highways are common in your area? What are the road surfaces and conditions? 3. Are there unusual climatic or other factors that affect the fuel economy, maintenance, and depreciation of vehicles? 4. Is there anything else we should know about private transportation usage and maintenance in your area? Are there suggestions or recommendations you wish to make? Local Taxes and Fees 1. What types of taxes, licenses, or fees does your State, territory, or local jurisdiction levy on real estate; personal property; sales (including sales of property); automobiles; utilities; or other goods, services, or transactions? 2. Who levies these taxes, licenses or fees (i.e., State, territory, county, city, other jurisdiction)? 3. What are the rates or schedules for these? How often and when are they levied? Do the rates/schedules vary by location, season, or other factors? 4. Is there anything else we should know about taxes and fees in your area? Are there suggestions or recommendations you wish to make? Mortgage Information 1. What forms of home financing are most common in ____________________________________ (the allowance area or Washington DC metropolitan area)? (Do not include second mortgages.) 2. What are the typical conditions and limitations on loans? 3. What is the typical amount(s) of down payment required? What are the terms and rates? 4. Are there special subsidies or other practices that influence home financing in your area? 5. Looking back six years, what types of changes have occurred that affect home financing? 6. Is there anything else we should know about home financing in your area? Are there suggestions or recommendations you wish to make that would help us in our data collection? Real Estate Information 1. What is the availability of housing in ____________________________________ (the allowance area or Washington DC metropolitan area)? Of principal interest is housing for typical salary and wage earners (as distinguished from retirees, tourists, or other special groups) for persons with low, moderate, and high incomes. 2. Describe the communities within your area in which persons ____________________________________ (specify occupation/income characteristics) typically live. If appropriate, identify separate communities for renters and home owners. Where are these communities located relative to the major Federal activities in the area? 3. Describe the type of housing (e.g., apartment, condominium, town house, detached house). [[Page 14234]] 4. For each type of housing, what are the usual number of rooms, bedrooms, baths, total square footage, lot size, type of construction, and similar characteristics? 5. What types of utilities are available and typically used in these communities: sewer, water, natural gas, electricity, other? 6. Are there any unusual factors that might affect maintenance requirements in your area? 7. Looking back 6 years, describe the changes that significantly affected the housing market (both rental and owner markets). 8. Is there anything else we should know about the housing market in your area? Are there suggestions or recommendations you wish to make concerning our data collection? Other Types of Information Occasionally, it is necessary to collect information from colleges, universities, chambers of commerce, trade associations, and other groups on specific subjects relating to the analysis of living costs. For example, a university known to be involved in home energy research may be contacted to determine whether there are consumption data by region or allowance area that could have application in the COLA program. When such data are collected, the purpose and basic structure of the interview will follow the patterns shown above. The substance, however, will vary with the subject matter. BILLING CODE 6325-01-F [[Page 14235]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN25MR97.020 BILLING CODE 6325-01-C [[Page 14236]] Appendix 8--Consumption Goods and Services Analysis [1996 Survey] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Lower income Middle income Upper income Categories Category ----------------------------------------------------------------------- indexes Weights* Subtotal Weights* Subtotal Weights* Subtotal ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anchorage, AK: 1. Food At Home......... 112.18 27.04 30.33 24.04 26.97 21.15 23.73 2. Food Away From Home.. 114.92 13.60 15.63 14.16 16.27 14.71 16.90 3. Tobacco.............. 109.72 3.09 3.39 2.55 2.80 2.02 2.22 4. Alcohol.............. 112.15 2.66 2.98 2.64 2.96 2.62 2.94 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 103.17 14.98 15.45 15.99 16.50 16.97 17.51 6. Clothing............. 97.88 13.54 13.25 14.22 13.92 14.87 14.55 7. Domestic Services.... 85.15 1.73 1.47 1.94 1.65 2.14 1.82 8. Professional Services 98.26 6.95 6.83 7.01 6.89 7.07 6.95 9. Personal Care........ 101.48 3.62 3.67 3.52 3.57 3.43 3.48 10. Recreation.......... 114.89 12.80 14.71 13.93 16.00 15.02 17.26 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 107.71 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 107.53 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 107.36 ============= Fairbanks, AK: 1. Food At Home......... 111.54 27.04 30.16 24.04 26.81 21.15 23.59 2. Food Away From Home.. 123.76 13.60 16.83 14.16 17.52 14.71 18.21 3. Tobacco.............. 101.67 3.09 3.14 2.55 2.59 2.02 2.05 4. Alcohol.............. 111.49 2.66 2.97 2.64 2.94 2.62 2.92 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 108.94 14.98 16.32 15.99 17.42 16.97 18.49 6. Clothing............. 108.62 13.54 14.71 14.22 15.45 14.87 16.15 7. Domestic Services.... 75.77 1.73 1.31 1.94 1.47 2.14 1.62 8. Professional Services 122.36 6.95 8.50 7.01 8.58 7.07 8.65 9. Personal Care........ 99.99 3.62 3.62 3.52 3.52 3.43 3.43 10. Recreation.......... 143.48 12.80 18.37 13.93 19.99 15.02 21.55 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 115.93 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 116.29 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 116.66 ============= Juneau, AK: 1. Food At Home......... 118.98 27.04 32.17 24.04 28.60 21.15 25.16 2. Food Away From Home.. 127.90 13.60 17.39 14.16 18.11 14.71 18.81 3. Tobacco.............. 93.07 3.09 2.88 2.55 2.37 2.02 1.88 4. Alcohol.............. 109.03 2.66 2.90 2.64 2.88 2.62 2.86 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 104.68 14.98 15.68 15.99 16.74 16.97 17.76 6. Clothing............. 106.68 13.54 14.44 14.22 15.17 14.87 15.86 7. Domestic Services.... 88.80 1.73 1.54 1.94 1.72 2.14 1.90 8. Professional Services 102.98 6.95 7.16 7.01 7.22 7.07 7.28 9. Personal Care........ 117.43 3.62 4.25 3.52 4.13 3.43 4.03 10. Recreation.......... 146.20 12.80 18.71 13.93 20.37 15.02 21.96 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 117.12 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 117.31 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 117.50 ============= Nome, AK: 1. Food At Home......... 162.32 27.04 43.89 24.04 39.02 21.15 34.33 2. Food Away From Home.. 127.70 13.60 17.37 14.16 18.08 14.71 18.78 3. Tobacco.............. 112.38 3.09 3.47 2.55 2.87 2.02 2.27 4. Alcohol.............. 129.90 2.66 3.46 2.64 3.43 2.62 3.40 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 134.95 14.98 20.22 15.99 21.58 16.97 22.90 6. Clothing............. 131.72 13.54 17.83 14.22 18.73 14.87 19.59 7. Domestic Services.... 115.71 1.73 2.00 1.94 2.24 2.14 2.48 8. Professional Services 89.87 6.95 6.25 7.01 6.30 7.07 6.35 9. Personal Care........ 110.82 3.62 4.01 3.52 3.90 3.43 3.80 10. Recreation.......... 173.63 12.80 22.22 13.93 24.19 15.02 26.08 ------------- [[Page 14237]] Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 140.72 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 140.34 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 139.98 ============= Honolulu, HI: 1. Food At Home......... 135.40 27.04 36.61 24.04 32.55 21.15 28.64 2. Food Away From Home.. 122.05 13.60 16.60 14.16 17.28 14.71 17.95 3. Tobacco.............. 113.11 3.09 3.50 2.55 2.88 2.02 2.28 4. Alcohol.............. 108.90 2.66 2.90 2.64 2.87 2.62 2.85 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 104.89 14.98 15.71 15.99 16.77 16.97 17.80 6. Clothing............. 94.67 13.54 12.82 14.22 13.46 14.87 14.08 7. Domestic Services.... 90.18 1.73 1.56 1.94 1.75 2.14 1.93 8. Professional Services 107.59 6.95 7.48 7.01 7.54 7.07 7.61 9. Personal Care........ 85.45 3.62 3.09 3.52 3.01 3.43 2.93 10. Recreation.......... 119.19 12.80 15.26 13.93 16.60 15.02 17.90 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 115.53 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 114.71 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 113.97 ============= Hilo, HI: 1. Food At Home......... 137.68 27.04 37.23 24.04 33.10 21.15 29.12 2. Food Away From Home.. 114.98 13.60 15.64 14.16 16.28 14.71 16.91 3. Tobacco.............. 107.87 3.09 3.33 2.55 2.75 2.02 2.18 4. Alcohol.............. 114.39 2.66 3.04 2.64 3.02 2.62 3.00 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 103.18 14.98 15.46 15.99 16.50 16.97 17.51 6. Clothing............. 101.56 13.54 13.75 14.22 14.44 14.87 15.10 7. Domestic Services.... 67.36 1.73 1.17 1.94 1.31 2.14 1.44 8. Professional Services 93.13 6.95 6.47 7.01 6.53 7.07 6.58 9. Personal Care........ 107.88 3.62 3.91 3.52 3.80 3.43 3.70 10. Recreation.......... 117.98 12.80 15.10 13.93 16.43 15.02 17.72 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 115.10 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 114.16 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 113.26 ============= Kailua Kona, HI: 1. Food At Home......... 131.75 27.04 35.63 24.04 31.67 21.15 27.87 2. Food Away From Home.. 126.04 13.60 17.14 14.16 17.85 14.71 18.54 3. Tobacco.............. 107.90 3.09 3.33 2.55 2.75 2.02 2.18 4. Alcohol.............. 113.72 2.66 3.02 2.64 3.00 2.62 2.98 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 97.94 14.98 14.67 15.99 15.66 16.97 16.62 6. Clothing............. 99.79 13.54 13.51 14.22 14.19 14.87 14.84 7. Domestic Services.... 91.96 1.73 1.59 1.94 1.78 2.14 1.97 8. Professional Services 102.79 6.95 7.14 7.01 7.21 7.07 7.27 9. Personal Care........ 90.66 3.62 3.28 3.52 3.19 3.43 3.11 10. Recreation.......... 138.27 12.80 17.70 13.93 19.26 15.02 20.77 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 117.01 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 116.56 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 116.15 ============= Kauai County, HI: 1. Food At Home......... 146.62 27.04 39.65 24.04 35.25 21.15 31.01 2. Food Away From Home.. 136.39 13.60 18.55 14.16 19.31 14.71 20.06 3. Tobacco.............. 119.63 3.09 3.70 2.55 3.05 2.02 2.42 4. Alcohol.............. 112.24 2.66 2.99 2.64 2.96 2.62 2.94 [[Page 14238]] 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 108.05 14.98 16.19 15.99 17.28 16.97 18.34 6. Clothing............. 102.33 13.54 13.86 14.22 14.55 14.87 15.22 7. Domestic Services.... 71.70 1.73 1.24 1.94 1.39 2.14 1.53 8. Professional Services 106.07 6.95 7.37 7.01 7.44 7.07 7.50 9. Personal Care........ 98.85 3.62 3.58 3.52 3.48 3.43 3.39 10. Recreation.......... 129.70 12.80 16.60 13.93 18.07 15.02 19.48 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 123.73 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 122.78 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 121.89 ============= Maui County, HI: 1. Food At Home......... 136.12 27.04 36.81 24.04 32.72 21.15 28.79 2. Food Away From Home.. 133.24 13.60 18.12 14.16 18.87 14.71 19.60 3. Tobacco.............. 116.64 3.09 3.60 2.55 2.97 2.02 2.36 4. Alcohol.............. 116.97 2.66 3.11 2.64 3.09 2.62 3.06 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 110.27 14.98 16.52 15.99 17.63 16.97 18.71 6. Clothing............. 100.98 13.54 13.67 14.22 14.36 14.87 15.02 7. Domestic Services.... 84.56 1.73 1.46 1.94 1.64 2.14 1.81 8. Professional Services 97.35 6.95 6.77 7.01 6.82 7.07 6.88 9. Personal Care........ 105.20 3.62 3.81 3.52 3.70 3.43 3.61 10. Recreation.......... 126.68 12.80 16.22 13.93 17.65 15.02 19.03 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 120.09 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 119.45 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 118.87 ============= Guam: 1. Food At Home......... 128.12 27.04 34.64 24.04 30.80 21.15 27.10 2. Food Away From Home.. 123.12 13.60 16.74 14.16 17.43 14.71 18.11 3. Tobacco.............. 77.80 3.09 2.40 2.55 1.98 2.02 1.57 4. Alcohol.............. 101.35 2.66 2.70 2.64 2.68 2.62 2.66 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 119.21 14.98 17.86 15.99 19.06 16.97 20.23 6. Clothing............. 105.81 13.54 14.33 14.22 15.05 14.87 15.73 7. Domestic Services.... 86.75 1.73 1.50 1.94 1.68 2.14 1.86 8. Professional Services 100.03 6.95 6.95 7.01 7.01 7.07 7.07 9. Personal Care........ 118.07 3.62 4.27 3.52 4.16 3.43 4.05 10. Recreation.......... 126.43 12.80 16.18 13.93 17.61 15.02 18.99 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 117.57 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 117.46 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 117.37 ============= Guam Blend:** 1. Food At Home......... 89.20 27.04 24.12 24.04 21.44 21.15 18.87 2. Food Away From Home.. 123.12 13.60 16.74 14.16 17.43 14.71 18.11 3. Tobacco.............. 56.89 3.09 1.76 2.55 1.45 2.02 1.15 4. Alcohol.............. 94.01 2.66 2.50 2.64 2.48 2.62 2.46 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 108.85 14.98 16.31 15.99 17.41 16.97 18.47 6. Clothing............. 94.80 13.54 12.84 14.22 13.48 14.87 14.10 7. Domestic Services.... 86.75 1.73 1.50 1.94 1.68 2.14 1.86 8. Professional Services 100.03 6.95 6.95 7.01 7.01 7.07 7.07 9. Personal Care........ 111.21 3.62 4.03 3.52 3.91 3.43 3.81 10. Recreation.......... 116.43 12.80 14.90 13.93 16.22 15.02 17.49 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 101.65 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 102.51 .......... .......... [[Page 14239]] Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 103.39 ============= Puerto Rico: 1. Food At Home......... 102.23 27.04 27.64 24.04 24.58 21.15 21.62 2. Food Away From Home.. 107.64 13.60 14.64 14.16 15.24 14.71 15.83 3. Tobacco.............. 93.64 3.09 2.89 2.55 2.39 2.02 1.89 4. Alcohol.............. 116.10 2.66 3.09 2.64 3.07 2.62 3.04 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 95.57 14.98 14.32 15.99 15.28 16.97 16.22 6. Clothing............. 90.51 13.54 12.26 14.22 12.87 14.87 13.46 7. Domestic Services.... 89.13 1.73 1.54 1.94 1.73 2.14 1.91 8. Professional Services 102.10 6.95 7.10 7.01 7.16 7.07 7.22 9. Personal Care........ 86.75 3.62 3.14 3.52 3.05 3.43 2.98 10. Recreation.......... 110.71 12.80 14.17 13.93 15.42 15.02 16.63 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 100.79 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 100.79 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 100.80 ============= St. Croix, VI: 1. Food At Home......... 117.61 27.04 31.80 24.04 28.27 21.15 24.87 2. Food Away From Home.. 131.30 13.60 17.86 14.16 18.59 14.71 19.31 3. Tobacco.............. 72.84 3.09 2.25 2.55 1.86 2.02 1.47 4. Alcohol.............. 104.96 2.66 2.79 2.64 2.77 2.62 2.75 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 116.92 14.98 17.51 15.99 18.70 16.97 19.84 6. Clothing............. 96.28 13.54 13.04 14.22 13.69 14.87 14.32 7. Domestic Services.... 40.34 1.73 0.70 1.94 0.78 2.14 0.86 8. Professional Services 106.28 6.95 7.39 7.01 7.45 7.07 7.51 9. Personal Care........ 105.81 3.62 3.83 3.52 3.72 3.43 3.63 10. Recreation.......... 124.48 12.80 15.93 13.93 17.34 15.02 18.70 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 113.10 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 113.17 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 113.26 ============= St. Thomas, VI: 1. Food At Home......... 127.65 27.04 34.52 24.04 30.69 21.15 27.00 2. Food Away From Home.. 129.20 13.60 17.57 14.16 18.29 14.71 19.01 3. Tobacco.............. 69.65 3.09 2.15 2.55 1.78 2.02 1.41 4. Alcohol.............. 107.08 2.66 2.85 2.64 2.83 2.62 2.81 5. Furnishings and Household Operations... 117.63 14.98 17.62 15.99 18.81 16.97 19.96 6. Clothing............. 95.30 13.54 12.90 14.22 13.55 14.87 14.17 7. Domestic Services.... 73.38 1.73 1.27 1.94 1.42 2.14 1.57 8. Professional Services 127.30 6.95 8.85 7.01 8.92 7.07 9.00 9. Personal Care........ 124.10 3.62 4.49 3.52 4.37 3.43 4.26 10. Recreation.......... 124.14 12.80 15.89 13.93 17.29 15.02 18.65 ------------- Total weights....... .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... 100.00 .......... ------------- Total indexes: Lower........... .......... .......... 118.11 .......... .......... .......... .......... Middle.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 117.95 .......... .......... Upper........... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 117.84 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Numbers might not add to 100 due to rounding. **Local Retail and Commissary/Exchange [[Page 14240]] Consumption Goods and Services Analysis--Composites [1996 Survey] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total indexes -------------------------------- Location Weights Lower Middle Upper income income income ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hilo, HI.................... 82.88 115.10 114.16 113.26 Kailua Kona, HI............. 17.12 117.01 116.56 116.15 ------------ Total weight............ 100.00 ......... ......... ......... ------------ Hawaii County, HI...... ......... 115.43 114.57 113.75 ============ St. Croix, VI............... 46.42 113.10 113.17 113.26 St. Thomas, VI.............. 53.58 118.11 117.95 117.84 ------------ Total weight............ 100.00 ......... ......... ......... ------------ Virgin Islands......... ......... 115.78 115.73 115.71 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Appendix 9.--OPM Living Community List ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Low Middle High ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anchorage, AK: Homeowner........................ North Anchorage........ North Anchorage........ South Anchorage.* Renter........................... North Anchorage........ North Anchorage........ South Anchorage.* -------------------------------------- *The line between North and South Anchorage is set by Tudor Road. ====================================== Fairbanks, AK: Homeowner........................ Fairbanks.............. Fairbanks.............. Fairbanks. Renter........................... Fairbanks.............. Fairbanks.............. Fairbanks. Juneau, AK: Homeowner........................ Juneau/Mendenhall...... Juneau/Mendenhall...... Juneau/Mendenhall. Renter........................... Juneau/Mendenhall...... Juneau/Mendenhall...... Juneau/Mendenhall. Nome, AK: Homeowner........................ Nome................... Nome................... Nome. Renter........................... Nome................... Nome................... Nome. Honolulu: Homeowner........................ Ewa Beach.............. Kaneohe................ Manoa/Kaimuki. Waipahu................ Pearl City............. Kailua. Renter........................... Pearl Harbor Area*..... Alakea................. Manoa. Kalihi................. Kaneohe................ Aiea. -------------------------------------- *Pearl Harbor Area excludes Aiea. ====================================== Hawaii County--Hilo: Homeowner........................ Hilo................... Hilo................... Hilo. Renter........................... Hilo................... Hilo................... Hilo. Hawaii County--Kailua Kona: Homeowner........................ Kailua Kona............ Kailua Kona............ Kailua Kona. Renter........................... Kailua Kona............ Kailua Kona............ Kailua Kona. Kauai: Homeowner........................ Kauai.................. Kauai.................. Kauai. Renter........................... Kauai.................. Kauai.................. Kauai. Maui: Homeowner........................ Maui................... Maui................... Maui. Renter........................... Maui................... Maui................... Maui. Guam: Homeowner........................ Guam................... Guam................... Guam. Renter........................... Guam................... Guam................... Guam. San Juan: Homeowner........................ Carolina............... Rio Piedras*........... Guaynabo. Bayamon................ VA Hospital Area....... Hato Rey. Renter........................... Carolina............... Rio Piedras*........... Old San Juan. Rio Piedras Area....... Isla Verde**........... Condado. -------------------------------------- *Rio Piedras excludes VA Hospital Area. **Isla Verde excludes the area on the Boulevard. ====================================== St. Croix: Homeowner........................ St. Croix.............. St. Croix.............. St. Croix. [[Page 14241]] Renter........................... St. Croix.............. St. Croix.............. St. Croix. St. Thomas: Homeowner........................ St. Thomas............. St. Thomas............. St. Thomas. Renter........................... St. Thomas............. St. Thomas............. St. Thomas. Washington, DC DC: Homeowner........................ Southeast DC........... Northeast DC........... Northwest DC.* Renter........................... Southeast DC........... Northeast DC........... Northwest DC.* -------------------------------------- *Northwest DC excludes Georgetown, but includes Dupont Circle, Cleveland Park, and Adams Morgan. ====================================== Washington, DC MD: Homeowner........................ Capitol Heights/ Gaithersburg/Silver Rockville. Suitland. Spring. Renter........................... Capitol Heights/ Hyattsville/College Rockville. Suitland. Park. Washington, DC VA: Homeowner........................ Woodbridge/Dale City... Springfield............ Alexandria. Renter........................... Woodbridge/Dale City... Alexandria............. Arlington. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Appendix 10--Historical Home Market Values and Interest Rates ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interest rate Area Year (percent) Income level Market value Annual P&I* ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anchorage, AK................ 1986 10.000 Lower............ $87,974 $7,411.56 .............. .............. Middle........... 116,993 9,856.32 .............. .............. Upper............ 143,284 12,071.28 1987 9.375 Lower............ 81,024 6,469.56 .............. .............. Middle........... 109,147 8,715.12 .............. .............. Upper............ 130,227 10,398.36 1988 10.500 Lower............ 74,218 6,517.44 .............. .............. Middle........... 101,300 8,895.60 .............. .............. Upper............ 117,190 10,291.08 1989 11.125 Lower............ 67,538 6,235.80 .............. .............. Middle........... 93,454 8,628.72 .............. .............. Upper............ 112,532 10,390.20 1990 10.250 Lower............ 60,784 5,229.00 .............. .............. Middle........... 87,071 7,490.40 .............. .............. Upper............ 114,783 9,874.32 1992 9.000 Lower............ 65,700 5,074.92 .............. .............. Middle........... 96,200 7,430.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 139,400 10,767.84 1993 8.125 Lower............ 70,902 5,053.92 .............. .............. Middle........... 99,073 7,061.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 130,815 9,324.48 1994 7.625 Lower............ 72,216 4,906.92 .............. .............. Middle........... 99,099 6,733.56 .............. .............. Upper............ 124,780 8,478.60 1995 8.625 Lower............ 83,286 6,218.76 .............. .............. Middle........... 102,089 7,622.76 .............. .............. Upper............ 134,580 10,048.80 1996 7.125 Lower............ 83,646 5,409.96 .............. .............. Middle........... 112,671 7,287.24 .............. .............. Upper............ 139,689 9,034.68 Fairbanks, AK................ 1986 10.000 Lower............ 78,982 6,654.00 .............. .............. Middle........... 102,726 8,654.40 .............. .............. Upper............ 140,199 11,811.36 1987 9.375 Lower............ 71,839 5,736.24 .............. .............. Middle........... 97,958 7,821.72 .............. .............. Upper............ 131,833 10,526.64 1988 10.500 Lower............ 64,696 5,681.28 .............. .............. Middle........... 93,191 8,183.52 .............. .............. Upper............ 123,467 10,842.24 1989 11.125 Lower............ 57,553 5,313.96 .............. .............. Middle........... 88,424 8,164.32 .............. .............. Upper............ 115,101 10,627.44 1990 10.250 Lower............ 50,604 4,353.24 .............. .............. Middle........... 83,619 7,193.40 .............. .............. Upper............ 107,143 9,217.08 1992 9.000 Lower............ 70,851 5,472.84 .............. .............. Middle........... 101,400 7,832.52 .............. .............. Upper............ 137,000 10,582.44 1993 8.125 Lower............ 69,498 4,953.84 [[Page 14242]] .............. .............. Middle........... 101,478 7,233.36 .............. .............. Upper............ 115,787 8,253.24 1994 7.625 Lower............ 76,302 5,184.60 .............. .............. Middle........... 112,580 7,649.64 .............. .............. Upper............ 127,829 8,685.72 1995 8.708 Lower............ 68,940 5,186.76 .............. .............. Middle........... 84,240 6,337.80 .............. .............. Upper............ 108,426 8,157.48 1996 7.125 Lower............ 72,918 4,716.12 .............. .............. Middle........... 92,625 5,990.76 .............. .............. Upper............ 115,855 7,493.16 Juneau, AK................... 1986 10.000 Lower............ 90,811 7,650.60 .............. .............. Middle........... 107,283 9,038.28 .............. .............. Upper............ 127,114 10,708.92 1987 9.375 Lower............ 83,909 6,699.96 .............. .............. Middle........... 100,846 8,052.36 .............. .............. Upper............ 120,885 9,652.44 1988 10.500 Lower............ 76,441 6,712.68 .............. .............. Middle........... 93,787 8,235.96 .............. .............. Upper............ 113,874 9,999.84 1989 11.125 Lower............ 68,797 6,352.08 .............. .............. Middle........... 86,284 7,966.68 .............. .............. Upper............ 106,131 9,799.20 1990 10.250 Lower............ 78,429 6,746.88 .............. .............. Middle........... 99,227 8,536.08 .............. .............. Upper............ 123,324 10,609.08 1992 9.000 Lower............ 89,470 6,911.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 114,400 8,836.68 .............. .............. Upper............ 146,300 11,300.76 1993 8.125 Lower............ 87,570 6,241.92 .............. .............. Middle........... 115,518 8,234.04 .............. .............. Upper............ 134,232 9,568.08 1994 7.625 Lower............ 92,826 6,307.32 .............. .............. Middle........... 117,364 7,974.72 .............. .............. Upper............ 140,760 9,564.36 1995 8.625 Lower............ 102,879 7,681.80 .............. .............. Middle........... 138,723 10,358.16 .............. .............. Upper............ 163,812 12,231.48 1996 7.125 Lower............ 114,255 7,389.72 .............. .............. Middle........... 143,767 9,298.44 .............. .............. Upper............ 169,507 10,963.20 Nome, AK..................... 1986 10.000 Lower............ 84,057 7,081.56 .............. .............. Middle........... 111,159 9,364.80 .............. .............. Upper............ 133,735 11,266.80 1987 9.375 Lower............ 81,367 6,497.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 107,602 8,591.76 .............. .............. Upper............ 129,445 10,335.96 1988 10.500 Lower............ 78,763 6,916.56 .............. .............. Middle........... 104,159 9,146.76 .............. .............. Upper............ 125,312 11,004.24 1989 11.125 Lower............ 76,243 7,039.56 .............. .............. Middle........... 100,826 9,309.36 .............. .............. Upper............ 121,302 11,199.96 1990 10.250 Lower............ 73,803 6,348.96 .............. .............. Middle........... 97,600 8,396.16 .............. .............. Upper............ 117,420 10,101.12 1992 9.000 Lower............ 71,100 5,492.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 97,500 7,531.32 .............. .............. Upper............ 122,400 9,454.68 1993 8.125 Lower............ 56,453 4,023.96 .............. .............. Middle........... 77,415 5,518.08 .............. .............. Upper............ 97,186 6,927.36 1994 7.625 Lower............ 82,365 5,596.56 .............. .............. Middle........... 112,948 7,674.60 .............. .............. Upper............ 141,794 9,634.68 1995 8.625 Lower............ 81,711 6,101.16 .............. .............. Middle........... 118,027 8,812.80 .............. .............. Upper............ 154,343 11,524.44 1996 7.125 Lower............ 80,856 5,229.48 .............. .............. Middle........... 119,171 7,707.60 .............. .............. Upper............ 139,213 9,003.84 [[Page 14243]] Honolulu, HI................. 1986 10.250 Lower............ 97,229 8,364.24 .............. .............. Middle........... 134,257 11,549.52 .............. .............. Upper............ 154,513 13,292.04 1987 10.375 Lower............ 107,837 9,373.08 .............. .............. Middle........... 158,027 13,735.56 .............. .............. Upper............ 190,786 16,582.92 1988 11.000 Lower............ 118,445 10,828.56 .............. .............. Middle........... 181,797 16,620.48 .............. .............. Upper............ 227,059 20,758.44 1989 10.500 Lower............ 154,366 13,555.68 .............. .............. Middle........... 239,426 21,025.20 .............. .............. Upper............ 263,331 23,124.36 1990 10.250 Lower............ 216,113 18,591.24 .............. .............. Middle........... 335,197 28,835.52 .............. .............. Upper............ 379,283 32,628.12 1991 9.125 Lower............ 207,000 16,168.56 .............. .............. Middle........... 310,700 24,268.44 .............. .............. Upper............ 370,600 28,947.12 1992 8.125 Lower............ 211,347 15,064.80 .............. .............. Middle........... 329,693 23,500.44 .............. .............. Upper............ 363,460 25,907.28 1993 7.125 Lower............ 202,041 13,067.40 .............. .............. Middle........... 327,715 21,195.60 .............. .............. Upper............ 374,918 24,248.52 1994 9.333 Lower............ 251,919 20,041.44 .............. .............. Middle........... 331,695 26,388.00 .............. .............. Upper............ 394,706 31,400.76 1996 7.025 Lower............ 228,111 14,606.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 318,199 20,374.32 .............. .............. Upper............ 398,412 25,510.44 Hilo, HI..................... 1986 10.250 Lower............ 50,459 4,340.76 .............. .............. Middle........... 71,995 6,193.44 .............. .............. Upper............ 97,783 8,411.88 1987 10.375 Lower............ 59,435 5,166.00 .............. .............. Middle........... 82,183 7,143.24 .............. .............. Upper............ 106,098 9,221.88 1988 11.000 Lower............ 68,410 6,254.28 .............. .............. Middle........... 92,371 8,444.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 114,412 10,459.92 1989 10.500 Lower............ 77,386 6,795.60 .............. .............. Middle........... 102,559 9,006.24 .............. .............. Upper............ 122,727 10,777.32 1990 10.250 Lower............ 67,714 5,825.16 .............. .............. Middle........... 108,821 9,361.44 .............. .............. Upper............ 164,283 14,132.52 1991 9.125 Lower............ 134,100 10,474.44 .............. .............. Middle........... 180,700 14,114.28 .............. .............. Upper............ 204,000 15,934.20 1992 8.125 Lower............ 130,743 9,319.32 .............. .............. Middle........... 162,903 11,611.68 .............. .............. Upper............ 197,863 14,103.60 1993 7.125 Lower............ 127,854 8,269.20 .............. .............. Middle........... 173,095 11,195.28 .............. .............. Upper............ 202,018 13,065.96 1994 9.333 Lower............ 114,696 9,124.68 .............. .............. Middle........... 162,500 12,927.72 .............. .............. Upper............ 196,146 15,604.32 1996 7.000 Lower............ 115,750 7,392.84 .............. .............. Middle........... 164,711 10,519.92 .............. .............. Upper............ 183,841 11,741.76 Kailua Kona, HI.............. 1986 10.250 Lower............ 77,097 6,632.28 .............. .............. Middle........... 107,594 9,255.84 .............. .............. Upper............ 119,902 10,314.60 1987 10.375 Lower............ 88,880 7,725.36 .............. .............. Middle........... 122,387 10,637.76 .............. .............. Upper............ 140,297 12,194.52 1988 11.000 Lower............ 100,662 9,202.80 .............. .............. Middle........... 137,180 12,541.44 .............. .............. Upper............ 160,692 14,691.00 1989 10.500 Lower............ 112,444 9,874.32 .............. .............. Middle........... 151,973 13,345.56 [[Page 14244]] .............. .............. Upper............ 181,087 15,902.16 1990 10.250 Lower............ 134,609 11,579.88 .............. .............. Middle........... 189,900 16,336.32 .............. .............. Upper............ 225,100 19,364.40 1991 9.130 Lower............ 154,800 12,096.60 .............. .............. Middle........... 204,100 15,949.08 .............. .............. Upper............ 256,700 20,059.44 1992 8.125 Lower............ 159,867 11,395.32 .............. .............. Middle........... 222,950 15,891.84 .............. .............. Upper............ 261,018 18,605.28 1993 7.125 Lower............ 153,666 9,938.64 .............. .............. Middle........... 219,245 14,180.16 .............. .............. Upper............ 261,902 16,939.08 1994 9.333 Lower............ 152,235 12,111.00 .............. .............. Middle........... 215,826 17,169.96 .............. .............. Upper............ 224,128 17,830.44 1996 6.958 Lower............ 144,434 9,186.12 .............. .............. Middle........... 191,923 12,206.40 .............. .............. Upper............ 220,752 14,039.88 Kauai County, HI............. 1986 10.250 Lower............ 68,105 5,858.76 .............. .............. Middle........... 88,032 7,572.96 .............. .............. Upper............ 105,494 9,075.24 1987 10.375 Lower............ 78,576 6,829.80 .............. .............. Middle........... 106,294 9,238.92 .............. .............. Upper............ 121,318 10,544.88 1988 11.000 Lower............ 91,046 8,323.68 .............. .............. Middle........... 124,556 11,387.28 .............. .............. Upper............ 145,581 13,309.44 1989 10.500 Lower............ 103,516 9,090.24 .............. .............. Middle........... 142,818 12,541.56 .............. .............. Upper............ 177,900 15,622.32 1990 10.250 Lower............ 177,351 15,256.80 .............. .............. Middle........... 233,846 20,116.80 .............. .............. Upper............ 295,854 25,451.04 1991 9.125 Lower............ 174,336 13,617.12 .............. .............. Middle........... 229,900 17,957.16 .............. .............. Upper............ 290,800 22,714.08 1992 8.125 Lower............ 171,792 12,245.28 .............. .............. Middle........... 221,624 15,797.28 .............. .............. Upper............ 273,921 19,524.96 1993 7.125 Lower............ 171,964 11,122.08 .............. .............. Middle........... 221,858 14,349.12 .............. .............. Upper............ 274,195 17,734.08 1994 9.333 Lower............ 163,350 12,995.64 .............. .............. Middle........... 222,196 17,677.20 .............. .............. Upper............ 255,000 20,287.08 1996 6.958 Lower............ 176,907 11,251.32 .............. .............. Middle........... 228,147 14,510.28 .............. .............. Upper............ 265,084 16,859.40 Maui County, HI.............. 1986 10.250 Lower............ 91,748 7,892.64 .............. .............. Middle........... 121,737 10,472.52 .............. .............. Upper............ 153,091 13,169.76 1987 10.375 Lower............ 100,293 8,717.40 .............. .............. Middle........... 133,911 11,639.40 .............. .............. Upper............ 168,401 14,637.24 1988 11.000 Lower............ 121,107 11,071.92 .............. .............. Middle........... 160,693 14,691.00 .............. .............. Upper............ 202,081 18,474.84 1989 10.500 Lower............ 151,384 13,293.84 .............. .............. Middle........... 200,866 17,639.04 .............. .............. Upper............ 252,601 22,182.12 1990 10.250 Lower............ 174,092 14,976.36 .............. .............. Middle........... 230,996 19,871.64 .............. .............. Upper............ 290,491 24,989.64 1991 9.125 Lower............ 210,651 16,453.68 .............. .............. Middle........... 279,500 21,831.36 .............. .............. Upper............ 351,494 27,454.80 1992 8.125 Lower............ 207,913 14,820.00 .............. .............. Middle........... 275,925 19,667.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 346,925 24,728.76 1993 7.125 Lower............ 180,099 11,648.28 [[Page 14245]] .............. .............. Middle........... 255,476 16,523.40 .............. .............. Upper............ 310,845 20,104.56 1994 9.333 Lower............ 180,000 14,320.32 .............. .............. Middle........... 250,588 19,936.08 .............. .............. Upper............ 278,443 22,152.12 1996 7.000 Lower............ 192,575 12,299.64 .............. .............. Middle........... 260,593 16,643.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 283,138 18,083.76 Guam......................... 1986 10.250 Lower............ 65,363 5,622.84 .............. .............. Middle........... 79,689 6,855.36 .............. .............. Upper............ 170,384 14,657.40 1987 10.375 Lower............ 74,841 6,505.08 .............. .............. Middle........... 91,802 7,979.40 .............. .............. Upper............ 188,786 16,409.16 1988 11.000 Lower............ 84,271 7,704.36 .............. .............. Middle........... 103,920 9,500.64 .............. .............. Upper............ 207,287 18,950.76 1989 10.375 Lower............ 93,709 8,145.12 .............. .............. Middle........... 116,079 10,089.48 .............. .............. Upper............ 225,735 19,620.72 1990 10.500 Lower............ 103,174 9,060.24 .............. .............. Middle........... 128,151 11,253.60 .............. .............. Upper............ 244,245 21,448.32 1991 10.125 Lower............ 113,491 9,662.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 140,966 12,001.08 .............. .............. Upper............ 268,670 22,873.20 1992 9.491 Lower............ 130,855 10,554.60 .............. .............. Middle........... 162,534 13,109.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 309,777 24,986.28 1993 7.750 Lower............ 144,738 9,954.48 .............. .............. Middle........... 189,280 13,017.84 .............. .............. Upper............ 258,978 17,811.36 1994 10.050 Lower............ 133,452 11,290.32 .............. .............. Middle........... 188,240 15,925.44 .............. .............. Upper............ 244,375 20,674.56 1996 7.875 Lower............ 130,746 9,100.80 .............. .............. Middle........... 180,074 12,534.36 .............. .............. Upper............ 224,347 15,616.08 Puerto Rico.................. 1986 10.250 Lower............ 56,323 4,845.24 .............. .............. Middle........... 68,989 5,934.84 .............. .............. Upper............ 99,857 8,590.32 1987 10.625 Lower............ 60,266 5,346.36 .............. .............. Middle........... 73,818 6,548.64 .............. .............. Upper............ 106,847 9,478.80 1988 10.875 Lower............ 64,485 5,837.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 78,985 7,149.48 .............. .............. Upper............ 114,326 10,348.44 1989 10.375 Lower............ 70,934 6,165.48 .............. .............. Middle........... 86,884 7,551.84 .............. .............. Upper............ 122,329 10,632.72 1990 10.375 Lower............ 78,027 6,782.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 95,572 8,307.00 .............. .............. Upper............ 134,562 11,696.04 1991 8.875 Lower............ 82,800 6,324.48 .............. .............. Middle........... 100,255 7,657.68 .............. .............. Upper............ 141,100 10,777.44 1992 8.125 Lower............ 62,271 4,438.68 .............. .............. Middle........... 84,721 6,038.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 151,946 10,830.72 1993 7.125 Lower............ 61,389 3,970.44 .............. .............. Middle........... 84,084 5,438.28 .............. .............. Upper............ 151,878 9,822.96 1994 8.750 Lower............ 66,843 5,048.16 .............. .............. Middle........... 102,232 7,720.92 .............. .............. Upper............ 143,633 10,847.64 1996 7.792 Lower............ 69,714 4,813.92 .............. .............. Middle........... 107,367 7,413.96 .............. .............. Upper............ 168,385 11,627.40 St. Croix, VI................ 1986 10.250 Lower............ 48,995 4,214.88 .............. .............. Middle........... 63,491 5,461.80 .............. .............. Upper............ 107,730 9,267.60 [[Page 14246]] 1987 12.000 Lower............ 54,140 5,346.12 .............. .............. Middle........... 70,157 6,927.72 .............. .............. Upper............ 119,042 11,754.96 1988 12.000 Lower............ 66,051 6,522.36 .............. .............. Middle........... 85,592 8,451.96 .............. .............. Upper............ 145,231 14,341.08 1989 11.750 Lower............ 64,730 6,272.52 .............. .............. Middle........... 83,880 8,128.20 .............. .............. Upper............ 142,326 13,791.84 1990 11.250 Lower............ 80,912 7,544.28 .............. .............. Middle........... 104,850 9,776.28 .............. .............. Upper............ 177,908 16,588.32 1991 10.250 Lower............ 85,281 7,336.32 .............. .............. Middle........... 110,500 9,505.80 .............. .............. Upper............ 187,500 16,129.80 1992 9.500 Lower............ 103,635 8,365.68 .............. .............. Middle........... 151,866 12,258.96 .............. .............. Upper............ 188,037 15,178.68 1993 8.375 Lower............ 112,962 8,242.44 .............. .............. Middle........... 174,161 12,708.00 .............. .............. Upper............ 194,004 14,155.92 1994 9.083 Lower............ 77,409 6,024.00 .............. .............. Middle........... 128,076 9,966.84 .............. .............. Upper............ 210,035 16,344.96 1996 9.042 Lower............ 86,304 6,691.32 .............. .............. Middle........... 124,863 9,680.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 180,796 14,017.44 St. Thomas, VI............... 1986 10.250 Lower............ 92,023 7,916.40 .............. .............. Middle........... 116,437 10,016.52 .............. .............. Upper............ 138,973 11,955.24 1987 12.000 Lower............ 103,617 10,231.80 .............. .............. Middle........... 131,108 12,946.44 .............. .............. Upper............ 156,484 15,452.28 1988 12.000 Lower............ 121,129 11,961.12 .............. .............. Middle........... 153,265 15,134.40 .............. .............. Upper............ 182,929 18,063.60 1989 11.750 Lower............ 126,943 12,301.20 .............. .............. Middle........... 160,622 15,564.84 .............. .............. Upper............ 191,710 18,577.32 1990 11.250 Lower............ 122,500 11,422.08 .............. .............. Middle........... 155,000 14,452.32 .............. .............. Upper............ 185,000 17,249.64 1991 10.250 Lower............ 126,900 10,916.64 .............. .............. Middle........... 180,700 15,544.80 .............. .............. Upper............ 210,800 18,134.28 1992 9.000 Lower............ 128,930 9,959.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 183,591 14,181.24 .............. .............. Upper............ 214,173 16,543.56 1993 8.250 Lower............ 139,680 10,074.00 .............. .............. Middle........... 198,829 14,339.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 231,949 16,728.48 1994 9.083 Lower............ 106,533 8,290.44 .............. .............. Middle........... 190,164 14,798.52 .............. .............. Upper............ 195,381 15,204.60 1996 8.292 Lower............ 137,936 9,987.00 .............. .............. Middle........... 197,134 14,273.16 .............. .............. Upper............ 187,673 13,588.08 Washington, DC (DC).......... 1986 10.250 Lower............ 64,778 5,572.56 .............. .............. Middle........... 99,213 8,534.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 173,448 14,921.04 1987 10.250 Lower............ 70,543 6,068.52 .............. .............. Middle........... 113,015 9,722.16 .............. .............. Upper............ 187,324 16,114.68 1988 10.500 Lower............ 76,327 6,702.60 .............. .............. Middle........... 126,817 11,136.48 .............. .............. Upper............ 202,310 17,765.88 1989 9.625 Lower............ 82,128 6,701.52 .............. .............. Middle........... 140,619 11,474.40 .............. .............. Upper............ 218,495 17,829.00 1990 9.875 Lower............ 87,877 7,325.52 .............. .............. Middle........... 140,974 11,751.84 [[Page 14247]] .............. .............. Upper............ 235,975 19,671.24 1991 9.250 Lower............ 90,104 7,116.12 .............. .............. Middle........... 144,550 11,416.08 .............. .............. Upper............ 242,000 19,112.40 1992 8.313 Lower............ 90,828 6,589.32 .............. .............. Middle........... 127,270 9,233.04 .............. .............. Upper............ 241,230 17,500.56 1993 7.375 Lower............ 93,369 6,190.80 .............. .............. Middle........... 115,021 7,626.48 .............. .............. Upper............ 286,564 19,000.56 1994 8.677 Lower............ 82,242 6,170.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 104,657 7,851.72 .............. .............. Upper............ 305,541 22,922.64 1996 7.625 Lower............ 73,177 4,972.20 .............. .............. Middle........... 110,425 7,503.12 .............. .............. Upper............ 290,563 19,743.24 Washington, DC (MD).......... 1986 10.250 Lower............ 60,029 5,164.08 .............. .............. Middle........... 92,955 7,996.56 .............. .............. Upper............ 110,600 9,514.44 1987 10.125 Lower............ 66,032 5,621.64 .............. .............. Middle........... 102,250 8,705.04 .............. .............. Upper............ 121,660 10,357.56 1988 10.375 Lower............ 73,295 6,370.68 .............. .............. Middle........... 113,498 9,865.20 .............. .............. Upper............ 135,043 11,737.80 1989 10.000 Lower............ 81,357 6,854.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 125,983 10,613.64 .............. .............. Upper............ 149,898 12,628.44 1990 9.875 Lower............ 89,493 7,460.28 .............. .............. Middle........... 138,581 11,552.28 .............. .............. Upper............ 164,888 13,745.28 1991 8.750 Lower............ 93,475 7,059.48 .............. .............. Middle........... 144,748 10,931.88 .............. .............. Upper............ 169,958 12,835.80 1992 8.313 Lower............ 104,198 7,559.28 .............. .............. Middle........... 131,118 9,512.28 .............. .............. Upper............ 207,502 15,053.64 1993 7.375 Lower............ 92,655 6,143.52 .............. .............. Middle........... 118,911 7,884.36 .............. .............. Upper............ 204,264 13,543.68 1994 8.688 Lower............ 90,963 6,831.24 .............. .............. Middle........... 167,349 12,567.72 .............. .............. Upper............ 214,030 16,073.40 1996 6.896 Lower............ 109,369 6,912.12 .............. .............. Middle........... 222,845 14,083.80 .............. .............. Upper............ 224,792 14,206.80 Washington, DC (VA).......... 1986 10.250 Lower............ 70,857 6,095.52 .............. .............. Middle........... 79,954 6,878.16 .............. .............. Upper............ 132,568 11,404.20 1987 10.125 Lower............ 76,526 6,515.04 .............. .............. Middle........... 86,350 7,351.44 .............. .............. Upper............ 143,173 12,189.00 1988 10.500 Lower............ 83,413 7,324.92 .............. .............. Middle........... 94,122 8,265.36 .............. .............. Upper............ 156,059 13,704.36 1989 9.500 Lower............ 90,086 7,271.88 .............. .............. Middle........... 101,652 8,205.60 .............. .............. Upper............ 168,544 13,605.24 1990 10.000 Lower............ 97,293 8,196.60 .............. .............. Middle........... 109,784 9,249.00 .............. .............. Upper............ 182,028 15,335.28 1991 8.938 Lower............ 103,462 7,947.48 .............. .............. Middle........... 117,650 9,037.44 .............. .............. Upper............ 187,000 14,364.60 1992 8.250 Lower............ 100,103 7,219.56 .............. .............. Middle........... 126,315 9,110.04 .............. .............. Upper............ 182,810 13,184.52 1993 7.500 Lower............ 94,905 6,370.44 .............. .............. Middle........... 126,874 8,516.40 .............. .............. Upper............ 181,705 12,196.92 1994 8.698 Lower............ 99,657 7,490.88 [[Page 14248]] .............. .............. Middle........... 167,876 12,618.72 .............. .............. Upper............ 228,191 17,152.44 1996 7.083 Lower............ 108,327 6,976.80 .............. .............. Middle........... 169,472 10,914.84 .............. .............. Upper............ 206,918 13,326.60 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Principal and interest assumes 80 financing. Appendix 11.--Historical Housing Data ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Lower Middle Upper Year Weights amounts Subtotal amounts Subtotal amounts Subtotal ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anchorage, AK: 1986.................... 6.31 7,411.56 467.67 9,856.32 621.93 12,071.28 761.70 1987.................... 6.77 6,469.56 437.99 8,715.12 590.01 10,398.36 703.97 1988.................... 8.19 6,517.44 533.78 8,895.60 728.55 10,291.08 842.84 1989.................... 7.03 6,235.80 438.38 8,628.72 606.60 10,390.20 730.43 1990.................... 7.72 5,229.00 403.68 7,490.40 578.26 9,874.32 762.30 1992.................... 8.32 5,074.92 422.23 7,430.88 618.25 10,767.84 895.88 1993.................... 10.08 5,053.92 509.44 7,061.88 711.84 9,324.48 939.91 1994.................... 12.92 4,906.92 633.97 6,733.56 869.98 8,478.60 1,095.44 1995.................... 13.78 6,218.76 856.95 7,622.76 1,050.42 10,048.80 1,384.72 1996.................... 18.88 5,409.96 1,021.40 7,287.24 1,375.83 9,034.68 1,705.75 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 5,725.49 .......... 7,751.67 .......... 9,822.94 ============= Fairbanks, AK: 1986.................... 6.31 6,654.00 419.87 8,654.40 546.09 11,811.36 745.30 1987.................... 6.77 5,736.24 388.34 7,821.72 529.53 10,526.64 712.65 1988.................... 8.19 5,681.28 465.30 8,183.52 670.23 10,842.24 887.98 1989.................... 7.03 5,313.96 373.57 8,164.32 573.95 10,627.44 747.11 1990.................... 7.72 4,353.24 336.07 7,193.40 555.33 9,217.08 711.56 1992.................... 8.32 5,472.84 455.34 7,832.52 651.67 10,582.44 880.46 1993.................... 10.08 4,953.84 499.35 7,233.36 729.12 8,253.24 831.93 1994.................... 12.92 5,184.60 669.85 7,649.64 988.33 8,685.72 1,122.20 1995.................... 13.78 5,186.76 714.74 6,337.80 873.35 8,157.48 1,124.10 1996.................... 18.88 4,716.12 890.40 5,990.76 1,131.06 7,493.16 1,414.71 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 5,212.83 .......... 7,248.66 .......... 9,178.00 ============= Juneau, AK: 1986.................... 6.31 7,650.60 482.75 9,038.28 570.32 10,708.92 675.73 1987.................... 6.77 6,699.96 453.59 8,052.36 545.14 9,652.44 653.47 1988.................... 8.19 6,712.68 549.77 8,235.96 674.53 9,999.84 818.99 1989.................... 7.03 6,352.08 446.55 7,966.68 560.06 9,799.20 688.88 1990.................... 7.72 6,746.88 520.86 8,536.08 658.99 10,609.08 819.02 1992.................... 8.32 6,911.04 575.00 8,836.68 735.21 11,300.76 940.22 1993.................... 10.08 6,241.92 629.19 8,234.04 829.99 9,568.08 964.46 1994.................... 12.92 6,307.32 814.91 7,974.72 1,030.33 9,564.36 1,235.72 1995.................... 13.78 7,681.80 1,058.55 10,358.16 1,427.35 12,231.48 1,685.50 1996.................... 18.88 7,389.72 1,395.18 9,298.44 1,755.55 10,963.20 2,069.85 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 6,926.35 .......... 8,787.47 .......... 10,551.84 ============= Nome, AK: 1986.................... 6.31 7,081.56 446.85 9,364.80 590.92 11,266.80 710.94 1987.................... 6.77 6,497.04 439.85 8,591.76 581.66 10,335.96 699.74 1988.................... 8.19 6,916.56 566.47 9,146.76 749.12 11,004.24 901.25 1989.................... 7.03 7,039.56 494.88 9,309.36 654.45 11,199.96 787.36 1990.................... 7.72 6,348.96 490.14 8,396.16 648.18 10,101.12 779.81 1992.................... 8.32 5,492.04 456.94 7,531.32 626.61 9,454.68 786.63 1993.................... 10.08 4,023.96 405.62 5,518.08 556.22 6,927.36 698.28 1994.................... 12.92 5,596.56 723.08 7,674.60 991.56 9,634.68 1,244.80 1995.................... 13.78 6,101.16 840.74 8,812.80 1,214.40 11,524.44 1,588.07 1996.................... 18.88 5,229.48 987.33 7,707.60 1,455.19 9,003.84 1,699.92 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 5,851.90 .......... 8,068.31 .......... 9,896.80 ============= Honolulu, HI: 1986.................... 6.31 8,364.24 527.78 11,549.52 728.77 13,292.04 838.73 1987.................... 6.77 9,373.08 634.56 13,735.56 929.90 16,582.92 1,122.66 [[Page 14249]] 1988.................... 8.19 10,828.56 886.86 16,620.48 1,361.22 20,758.44 1,700.12 1989.................... 7.03 13,555.68 952.96 21,025.20 1,478.07 23,124.36 1,625.64 1990.................... 7.72 18,591.24 1,435.24 28,835.52 2,226.10 32,628.12 2,518.89 1991.................... 8.32 16,168.56 1,345.22 24,268.44 2,019.13 28,947.12 2,408.40 1992.................... 10.08 15,064.80 1,518.53 23,500.44 2,368.84 25,907.28 2,611.45 1993.................... 12.92 13,067.40 1,688.31 21,195.60 2,738.47 24,248.52 3,132.91 1994.................... 13.78 20,041.44 2,761.71 26,388.00 3,636.27 31,400.76 4,327.02 1996.................... 18.88 14,606.04 2,757.62 20,374.32 3,846.67 25,510.44 4,816.37 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 14,508.79 .......... 21,333.44 .......... 25,102.19 ============= Hilo, HI: 1986.................... 6.31 4,340.76 273.90 6,193.44 390.81 8,411.88 530.79 1987.................... 6.77 5,166.00 349.74 7,143.24 483.60 9,221.88 624.32 1988.................... 8.19 6,254.28 512.23 8,444.88 691.64 10,459.92 856.67 1989.................... 7.03 6,795.60 477.73 9,006.24 633.14 10,777.32 757.65 1990.................... 7.72 5,825.16 449.70 9,361.44 722.70 14,132.52 1,091.03 1991.................... 8.32 10,474.44 871.47 14,114.28 1,174.31 15,934.20 1,325.73 1992.................... 10.08 9,319.32 939.39 11,611.68 1,170.46 14,103.60 1,421.64 1993.................... 12.92 8,269.20 1,068.38 11,195.28 1,446.43 13,065.96 1,688.12 1994.................... 13.78 9,124.68 1,257.38 12,927.72 1,781.44 15,604.32 2,150.28 1996.................... 18.88 7,392.84 1,395.77 10,519.92 1,986.16 11,741.76 2,216.84 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 7,595.69 .......... 10,480.69 .......... 12,663.07 ============= Kailua Kona, HI: 1986.................... 6.31 6,632.28 418.50 9,255.84 584.04 10,314.60 650.85 1987.................... 6.77 7,725.36 523.01 10,637.76 720.18 12,194.52 825.57 1988.................... 8.19 9,202.80 753.71 12,541.44 1,027.14 14,691.00 1,203.19 1989.................... 7.03 9,874.32 694.16 13,345.56 938.19 15,902.16 1,117.92 1990.................... 7.72 11,579.88 893.97 16,336.32 1,261.16 19,364.40 1,494.93 1991.................... 8.32 12,096.60 1,006.44 15,949.08 1,326.96 20,059.44 1,668.95 1992.................... 10.08 11,395.32 1,148.65 15,891.84 1,601.90 18,605.28 1,875.41 1993.................... 12.92 9,938.64 1,284.07 14,180.16 1,832.08 16,939.08 2,188.53 1994.................... 13.78 12,111.00 1,668.90 17,169.96 2,366.02 17,830.44 2,457.03 1996.................... 18.88 9,186.12 1,734.34 12,206.40 2,304.57 14,039.88 2,650.73 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 10,125.75 .......... 13,962.24 .......... 16,133.11 ============= Kauai, HI: 1986.................... 6.31 5,858.76 369.69 7,572.96 477.85 9,075.24 572.65 1987.................... 6.77 6,829.80 462.38 9,238.92 625.47 10,544.88 713.89 1988.................... 8.19 8,323.68 681.71 11,387.28 932.62 13,309.44 1,090.04 1989.................... 7.03 9,090.24 639.04 12,541.56 881.67 15,622.32 1,098.25 1990.................... 7.72 15,256.80 1,177.82 20,116.80 1,553.02 25,451.04 1,964.82 1991.................... 8.32 13,617.12 1,132.94 17,957.16 1,494.04 22,714.08 1,889.81 1992.................... 10.08 12,245.28 1,234.32 15,797.28 1,592.37 19,524.96 1,968.12 1993.................... 12.92 11,122.08 1,436.97 14,349.12 1,853.91 17,734.08 2,291.24 1994.................... 13.78 12,995.64 1,790.80 17,677.20 2,435.92 20,287.08 2,795.56 1996.................... 18.88 11,251.32 2,124.25 14,510.28 2,739.54 16,859.40 3,183.05 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 11,049.92 .......... 14,586.41 .......... 17,567.43 ============= Maui, HI: 1986.................... 6.31 7,892.64 498.03 10,472.52 660.82 13,169.76 831.01 1987.................... 6.77 8,717.40 590.17 11,639.40 787.99 14,637.24 990.94 1988.................... 8.19 11,071.92 906.79 14,691.00 1,203.19 18,474.84 1,513.09 1989.................... 7.03 13,293.84 934.56 17,639.04 1,240.02 22,182.12 1,559.40 1990.................... 7.72 14,976.36 1,156.17 19,871.64 1,534.09 24,989.64 1,929.20 1991.................... 8.32 16,453.68 1,368.95 21,831.36 1,816.37 27,454.80 2,284.24 1992.................... 10.08 14,820.00 1,493.86 19,667.88 1,982.52 24,728.76 2,492.66 1993.................... 12.92 11,648.28 1,504.96 16,523.40 2,134.82 20,104.56 2,597.51 1994.................... 13.78 14,320.32 1,973.34 19,936.08 2,747.19 22,152.12 3,052.56 1996.................... 18.88 12,299.64 2,322.17 16,643.88 3,142.36 18,083.76 3,414.21 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 12,749.00 .......... 17,249.37 .......... 20,664.82 ============= Guam: 1986.................... 6.31 5,622.84 354.80 6,855.36 432.57 14,657.40 924.88 1987.................... 6.77 6,505.08 440.39 7,979.40 540.21 16,409.16 1,110.90 1988.................... 8.19 7,704.36 630.99 9,500.64 778.10 18,950.76 1,552.07 1989.................... 7.03 8,145.12 572.60 10,089.48 709.29 19,620.72 1,379.34 [[Page 14250]] 1990.................... 7.72 9,060.24 699.45 11,253.60 868.78 21,448.32 1,655.81 1991.................... 8.32 9,662.04 803.88 12,001.08 998.49 22,873.20 1,903.05 1992.................... 10.08 10,554.60 1,063.90 13,109.88 1,321.48 24,986.28 2,518.62 1993.................... 12.92 9,954.48 1,286.12 13,017.84 1,681.90 17,811.36 2,301.23 1994.................... 13.78 11,290.32 1,555.81 15,925.44 2,194.53 20,674.56 2,848.95 1996.................... 18.88 9,100.80 1,718.23 12,534.36 2,366.49 15,616.08 2,948.32 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 9,126.17 .......... 11,891.84 .......... 19,143.17 ============= Puerto Rico: 1986.................... 6.31 4,845.24 305.73 5,934.84 374.49 8,590.32 542.05 1987.................... 6.77 5,346.36 361.95 6,548.64 443.34 9,478.80 641.71 1988.................... 8.19 5,837.04 478.05 7,149.48 585.54 10,348.44 847.54 1989.................... 7.03 6,165.48 433.43 7,551.84 530.89 10,632.72 747.48 1990.................... 7.72 6,782.04 523.57 8,307.00 641.30 11,696.04 902.93 1991.................... 8.32 6,324.48 526.20 7,657.68 637.12 10,777.44 896.68 1992.................... 10.08 4,438.68 447.42 6,038.88 608.72 10,830.72 1,091.74 1993.................... 12.92 3,970.44 512.98 5,438.28 702.63 9,822.96 1,269.13 1994.................... 13.78 5,048.16 695.64 7,720.92 1,063.94 10,847.64 1,494.80 1996.................... 18.88 4,813.92 908.87 7,413.96 1,399.76 11,627.40 2,195.25 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 5,193.84 .......... 6,987.73 .......... 10,629.31 ============= St. Croix, VI: 1986.................... 6.31 4,214.88 265.96 5,461.80 344.64 9,267.60 584.79 1987.................... 6.77 5,346.12 361.93 6,927.72 469.01 11,754.96 795.81 1988.................... 8.19 6,522.36 534.18 8,451.96 692.22 14,341.08 1,174.53 1989.................... 7.03 6,272.52 440.96 8,128.20 571.41 13,791.84 969.57 1990.................... 7.72 7,544.28 582.42 9,776.28 754.73 16,588.32 1,280.62 1991.................... 8.32 7,336.32 610.38 9,505.80 790.88 16,129.80 1,342.00 1992.................... 10.08 8,365.68 843.26 12,258.96 1,235.70 15,178.68 1,530.01 1993.................... 12.92 8,242.44 1,064.92 12,708.00 1,641.87 14,155.92 1,828.94 1994.................... 13.78 6,024.00 830.11 9,966.84 1,373.43 16,344.96 2,252.34 1996.................... 18.88 6,691.32 1,263.32 9,680.88 1,827.75 14,017.44 2,646.49 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 6,797.44 .......... 9,701.64 .......... 14,405.10 ============= St. Thomas, VI: 1986.................... 6.31 7,916.40 499.52 10,016.52 632.04 11,955.24 754.38 1987.................... 6.77 10,231.80 692.69 12,946.44 876.47 15,452.28 1,046.12 1988.................... 8.19 11,961.12 979.62 15,134.40 1,239.51 18,063.60 1,479.41 1989.................... 7.03 12,301.20 864.77 15,564.84 1,094.21 18,577.32 1,305.99 1990.................... 7.72 11,422.08 881.78 14,452.32 1,115.72 17,249.64 1,331.67 1991.................... 8.32 10,916.64 908.26 15,544.80 1,293.33 18,134.28 1,508.77 1992.................... 10.08 9,959.04 1,003.87 14,181.24 1,429.47 16,543.56 1,667.59 1993.................... 12.92 10,074.00 1,301.56 14,339.88 1,852.71 16,728.48 2,161.32 1994.................... 13.78 8,290.44 1,142.42 14,798.52 2,039.24 15,204.60 2,095.19 1996.................... 18.88 9,987.00 1,885.55 14,273.16 2,694.77 13,588.08 2,565.43 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 10,160.04 .......... 14,267.47 .......... 15,915.87 ============= Washington, DC (DC): 1986.................... 6.31 5,572.56 351.63 8,534.88 538.55 14,921.04 941.52 1987.................... 6.77 6,068.52 410.84 9,722.16 658.19 16,114.68 1,090.96 1988.................... 8.19 6,702.60 548.94 11,136.48 912.08 17,765.88 1,455.03 1989.................... 7.03 6,701.52 471.12 11,474.40 806.65 17,829.00 1,253.38 1990.................... 7.72 7,325.52 565.53 11,751.84 907.24 19,671.24 1,518.62 1991.................... 8.32 7,116.12 592.06 11,416.08 949.82 19,112.40 1,590.15 1992.................... 10.08 6,589.32 664.20 9,233.04 930.69 17,500.56 1,764.06 1993.................... 12.92 6,190.80 799.85 7,626.48 985.34 19,000.56 2,454.87 1994.................... 13.78 6,170.04 850.23 7,851.72 1,081.97 22,922.64 3,158.74 1996.................... 18.88 4,972.20 938.75 7,503.12 1,416.59 19,743.24 3,727.52 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 6,193.15 .......... 9,187.12 .......... 18,954.85 ============= Washington, DC (MD): 1986.................... 6.31 5,164.08 325.85 7,996.56 504.58 9,514.44 600.36 1987.................... 6.77 5,621.64 380.59 8,705.04 589.33 10,357.56 701.21 1988.................... 8.19 6,370.68 521.76 9,865.20 807.96 11,737.80 961.33 1989.................... 7.03 6,854.04 481.84 10,613.64 746.14 12,628.44 887.78 1990.................... 7.72 7,460.28 575.93 11,552.28 891.84 13,745.28 1,061.14 1991.................... 8.32 7,059.48 587.35 10,931.88 909.53 12,835.80 1,067.94 [[Page 14251]] 1992.................... 10.08 7,559.28 761.98 9,512.28 958.84 15,053.64 1,517.41 1993.................... 12.92 6,143.52 793.74 7,884.36 1,018.66 13,543.68 1,749.84 1994.................... 13.78 6,831.24 941.34 12,567.72 1,731.83 16,073.40 2,214.91 1996.................... 18.88 6,912.12 1,305.01 14,083.80 2,659.02 14,206.80 2,682.24 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 6,675.39 .......... 10,817.73 .......... 13,444.16 ============= Washington, DC (VA): 1986.................... 6.31 6,095.52 384.63 6,878.16 434.01 11,404.20 719.61 1987.................... 6.77 6,515.04 441.07 7,351.44 497.69 12,189.00 825.20 1988.................... 8.19 7,324.92 599.91 8,265.36 676.93 13,704.36 1,122.39 1989.................... 7.03 7,271.88 511.21 8,205.60 576.85 13,605.24 956.45 1990.................... 7.72 8,196.60 632.78 9,249.00 714.02 15,335.28 1,183.88 1991.................... 8.32 7,947.48 661.23 9,037.44 751.92 14,364.60 1,195.13 1992.................... 10.08 7,219.56 727.73 9,110.04 918.29 13,184.52 1,329.00 1993.................... 12.92 6,370.44 823.06 8,516.40 1,100.32 12,196.92 1,575.84 1994.................... 13.78 7,490.88 1,032.24 12,618.72 1,738.86 17,152.44 2,363.61 1996.................... 18.88 6,976.80 1,317.22 10,914.84 2,060.72 13,326.60 2,516.06 ------------- Totals................ 100.00 .......... 7,131.08 .......... 9,469.61 .......... 13,787.17 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Appendix 12.--Summary of Rental Analyses -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1996 Data medians ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B&NB Non-Brkr Broker ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # $ # $ # $ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anchorage, AK: Low................................................. 126 $525 117 $550 9 $500 Middle.............................................. 216 650 207 650 9 650 High................................................ 143 1,013 113 1,000 30 1,025 Fairbanks, AK: Low................................................. 106 531 98 525 8 537 Middle.............................................. 173 672 165 650 8 694 High................................................ 216 866 198 850 18 882 Juneau, AK: Low................................................. 43 725 34 750 9 700 Middle.............................................. 58 875 49 900 9 850 High................................................ 83 1,238 65 1,250 18 1,225 Nome, AK: Low................................................. 6 638 2 625 4 650 Middle.............................................. 8 869 4 875 4 863 High................................................ 10 994 4 1,000 6 988 Honolulu, HI: Low................................................. 226 775 208 750 18 800 Middle.............................................. 125 948 107 895 18 1,000 High................................................ 333 1,263 297 1,150 36 1,375 Hilo, HI: Low................................................. 40 463 31 400 9 525 Middle.............................................. 40 575 31 475 9 675 High................................................ 147 713 129 650 18 775 Kailua Kona, HI: Low................................................. 125 664 116 625 9 703 Middle.............................................. 104 730 95 635 9 825 High................................................ 142 1,029 124 990 18 1,068 Kauai, HI: Low................................................. 48 563 39 525 9 600 Middle.............................................. 30 688 21 625 9 750 High................................................ 392 881 374 800 18 963 Maui, HI: Low................................................. 155 650 146 650 9 650 Middle.............................................. 134 763 125 725 9 800 High................................................ 555 950 537 900 18 1,000 Guam: Low................................................. 51 650 42 600 9 700 Middle.............................................. 103 888 94 750 9 1,025 High................................................ 153 1,075 135 1,000 18 1,150 Puerto Rico: Low................................................. 30 593 12 499 18 688 [[Page 14252]] Middle.............................................. 40 966 22 808 18 1,125 High................................................ 53 1,525 19 1,550 34 1,500 St. Croix, VI: Low................................................. 37 525 28 450 9 600 Middle.............................................. 36 700 27 600 9 800 High................................................ 47 925 29 650 18 1,200 St. Thomas, VI: Low................................................. 39 775 30 700 9 850 Middle.............................................. 34 975 25 850 9 1,100 High................................................ 28 1,463 10 1,400 18 1,525 Washington, DC (DC) Low................................................. 253 438 244 425 9 450 Middle.............................................. 186 573 177 595 9 550 High................................................ 140 1,275 122 1,000 18 1,550 Washington, DC (MD) Low................................................. 77 545 68 540 9 550 Middle.............................................. 127 678 118 655 9 700 High................................................ 120 1,113 102 1,075 18 1,150 Washington, DC (VA) Low................................................. 42 628 33 605 9 650 Middle.............................................. 226 862 217 823 9 900 High................................................ 157 1,188 139 1,125 18 1,250 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Appendix 13--Housing Cost Analysis [1996 Survey] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Annual costs ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Lower income Middle income Upper income ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Owner Renter Owner Renter Owner Renter -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anchorage, AK: Maintenance......................................... $317 .............. $373 .............. $429 .............. Insurance........................................... 286 $101 316 $101 359 $109 Utilities........................................... 2,226 1,955 2,565 2,226 2,903 2,384 Real estate taxes................................... 1,509 .............. 1,850 .............. 2,439 .............. Housing............................................. 5,725 6,300 7,752 7,800 9,823 12,156 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 10,063 8,356 12,856 10,127 15,953 14,649 ================= Fairbanks, AK: Maintenance......................................... 375 .............. 442 .............. 508 .............. Insurance........................................... 260 120 282 120 306 131 Utilities........................................... 2,651 2,325 3,057 2,651 3,464 2,840 Real estate taxes................................... 1,110 .............. 1,398 .............. 1,854 .............. Housing............................................. 5,213 6,372 7,249 8,064 9,178 10,392 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 9,609 8,817 12,428 10,835 15,310 13,363 ================= Juneau, AK: Maintenance......................................... 366 .............. 431 .............. 496 .............. Insurance........................................... 266 123 271 123 311 129 Utilities........................................... 2,563 2,246 2,959 2,563 3,355 2,748 Real estate taxes................................... 1,344 .............. 1,812 .............. 2,139 .............. Housing............................................. 6,926 8,700 8,787 10,500 10,552 14,856 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 11,465 11,069 14,260 13,186 16,853 17,733 ================= Nome, AK: Maintenance......................................... 379 .............. 446 .............. 513 .............. Insurance........................................... 337 147 423 147 473 154 Utilities........................................... 3,687 3,210 4,284 3,687 4,882 3,966 Real estate taxes................................... 878 .............. 1,269 .............. 1,659 .............. Housing............................................. 5,852 7,656 8,068 10,428 9,897 11,928 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 11,133 11,013 14,490 14,262 17,424 16,048 ================= [[Page 14253]] Honolulu, HI: Maintenance......................................... 422 .............. 497 .............. 571 .............. Insurance........................................... 694 397 971 399 1,325 466 Utilities........................................... 1,768 1,576 2,008 1,768 2,247 1,880 Real estate taxes................................... 678 .............. 974 .............. 1,222 .............. Housing............................................. 14,509 9,300 21,333 11,376 25,102 15,156 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 18,071 11,273 25,783 13,543 30,467 17,502 ================= Hilo, HI: Maintenance......................................... 458 .............. 539 .............. 619 .............. Insurance........................................... 781 579 808 579 821 732 Utilities........................................... 1,956 1,735 2,232 1,956 2,507 2,085 Real estate taxes................................... 332 .............. 545 .............. 695 .............. Housing............................................. 7,596 5,556 10,481 6,900 12,663 8,556 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 11,123 7,870 14,605 9,435 17,305 11,373 ================= Kailua Kona, HI: Maintenance......................................... 425 .............. 500 .............. 574 .............. Insurance........................................... 786 625 817 625 874 732 Utilities........................................... 1,956 1,735 2,232 1,956 2,507 2,085 Real estate taxes................................... 499 .............. 782 .............. 819 .............. Housing............................................. 10,126 7,968 13,962 8,760 16,133 12,348 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 13,792 10,328 18,293 11,341 20,907 15,165 ================= Kauai County, HI: Maintenance......................................... 369 .............. 434 .............. 499 .............. Insurance........................................... 811 579 1,006 579 1,279 705 Utilities........................................... 1,988 1,761 2,270 1,988 2,553 2,119 Real estate taxes................................... 462 .............. 675 .............. 793 .............. Housing............................................. 11,050 6,756 14,586 8,256 17,567 10,572 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 14,680 9,096 18,971 10,823 22,691 13,396 ================= Maui County, HI: Maintenance......................................... 463 .............. 544 .............. 626 .............. Insurance........................................... 597 610 778 610 854 732 Utilities........................................... 1,671 1,489 1,898 1,671 2,124 1,777 Real estate taxes................................... 490 .............. 737 .............. 835 .............. Housing............................................. 12,749 7,800 17,249 9,156 20,665 11,400 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 15,970 9,899 21,206 11,437 25,104 13,909 ================= Guam: Maintenance......................................... 553 .............. 650 .............. 748 .............. Insurance........................................... 1,398 388 1,930 386 2,320 459 Utilities........................................... 1,962 1,785 2,184 1,962 2,406 2,066 Real estate taxes................................... 391 .............. 527 .............. 741 .............. Housing............................................. 9,126 7,800 11,892 10,656 19,143 12,900 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 13,430 9,973 17,183 13,004 25,358 15,425 ================= Puerto Rico: Maintenance......................................... 167 .............. 197 .............. 227 .............. Insurance........................................... 402 239 614 239 1,001 273 Utilities........................................... 1,075 975 1,201 1,075 1,326 1,134 Real estate taxes................................... 0 .............. 9 .............. 627 .............. Housing............................................. 5,194 7,116 6,988 11,592 10,629 18,300 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 6,838 8,330 9,009 12,906 13,810 19,707 ================= St. Croix, VI: Maintenance......................................... 343 .............. 404 .............. 464 .............. Insurance........................................... 1,838 850 2,632 850 3,617 1,020 Utilities........................................... 1,881 1,665 2,151 1,881 2,420 2,007 Real estate taxes................................... 393 .............. 773 .............. 1,388 .............. [[Page 14254]] Housing............................................. 6,797 6,300 9,702 8,400 14,405 11,100 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 11,252 8,815 15,662 11,131 22,294 14,127 ================= St. Thomas, VI: Maintenance......................................... 310 .............. 365 .............. 420 .............. Insurance........................................... 2,684 625 3,717 625 3,803 1,020 Utilities........................................... 1,881 1,665 2,151 1,881 2,420 2,007 Real estate taxes................................... 612 .............. 1,239 .............. 1,278 .............. Housing............................................. 10,160 9,300 14,267 11,700 15,916 17,556 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 15,647 11,590 21,739 14,206 23,837 20,583 ================= Washington, DC (DC): Maintenance......................................... 329 .............. 387 .............. 445 .............. Insurance........................................... 199 107 274 107 685 125 Utilities........................................... 2,037 1,795 2,341 2,037 2,644 2,179 Real estate taxes................................... 474 .............. 722 .............. 2,851 .............. Housing............................................. 6,193 5,256 9,187 6,876 18,955 15,300 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 9,232 7,158 12,911 9,020 25,580 17,604 ================= Washington, DC (MD): Maintenance......................................... 329 .............. 387 .............. 445 .............. Insurance........................................... 227 96 225 96 238 105 Utilities........................................... 1,855 1,645 2,118 1,855 2,382 1,978 Real estate taxes................................... 1,237 .............. 1,811 .............. 2,758 .............. Housing............................................. 6,675 6,540 10,818 8,136 13,444 13,356 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 10,323 8,281 15,359 10,087 19,267 15,439 ================= Washington, DC (VA): Maintenance......................................... 329 .............. 387 .............. 445 .............. Insurance........................................... 175 92 202 91 228 104 Utilities........................................... 2,062 1,821 2,363 2,062 2,664 2,202 Real estate taxes................................... 1,369 .............. 1,964 .............. 2,718 .............. Housing............................................. 7,131 7,536 9,470 10,344 13,787 14,256 ----------------- Total annual cost............................... 11,066 9,449 14,386 12,497 19,842 16,562 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Housing Cost Analysis--Composites [1996 Survey] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Annual costs ----------------------------------------------------------------- Location Weights Lower income Middle income Upper income ----------------------------------------------------------------- Owner Renter Owner Renter Owner Renter ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hilo, HI........................... 82.88 $11,123 $7,870 $14,605 $9,435 $17,305 $11,373 Kailua Kona, HI.................... 17.12 13,792 10,328 18,293 11,341 20,907 15,165 ------------ Total weight................... 100.00 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ------------ Hawaii County, HI............. ......... 11,580 8,291 15,236 9,761 17,922 12,022 ============ St. Croix, VI...................... 46.42 11,252 8,815 15,662 11,131 22,294 14,127 St. Thomas, VI..................... 53.58 15,647 11,590 21,739 14,206 23,837 20,583 ------------ Total weight................... 100.00 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ------------ Virgin Islands................ ......... 13,607 10,302 18,918 12,779 23,121 17,586 ============ Washington, DC, DC................. 33.34 9,232 7,158 12,911 9,020 25,580 17,604 Washington, DC, MD................. 33.33 10,323 8,281 15,359 10,087 19,267 15,439 Washington, DC, VA................. 33.33 11,066 9,449 14,386 12,497 19,842 16,562 ------------ [[Page 14255]] Total weight................... 100.00 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ------------ DC area....................... ......... 10,207 8,296 14,219 10,535 21,563 16,535 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Appendix 14--Housing Analysis [1996 Survey] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Owners Renters ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total annual Total cost DC Total annual Total cost DC cost area Index cost area Index -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anchorage, AK: Lower income........................................ $10,063 $10,207 98.59 $8,356 $8,296 100.72 Middle income....................................... 12,856 14,219 90.41 10,127 10,535 96.13 Upper income........................................ 15,953 21,563 73.98 14,649 16,535 88.59 ----------------- Fairbanks, AK: Lower income........................................ 9,609 10,207 94.14 8,817 8,296 106.28 Middle income....................................... 12,428 14,219 87.40 10,835 10,535 102.85 Upper income........................................ 15,310 21,563 71.00 13,363 16,535 80.82 ----------------- Juneau, AK: Lower income........................................ 11,465 10,207 112.32 11,069 8,296 133.43 Middle income....................................... 14,260 14,219 100.29 13,186 10,535 125.16 Upper income........................................ 16,853 21,563 78.16 17,733 16,535 107.25 ----------------- Nome, AK: Lower income........................................ 11,133 10,207 109.07 11,013 8,296 132.75 Middle income....................................... 14,490 14,219 101.91 14,262 10,535 135.38 Upper income........................................ 17,424 21,563 80.81 16,048 16,535 97.05 ----------------- Honolulu, HI: Lower income........................................ 18,071 10,207 177.05 11,273 8,296 135.88 Middle income....................................... 25,783 14,219 181.33 13,543 10,535 128.55 Upper income........................................ 30,467 21,563 141.29 17,502 16,535 105.85 ----------------- Hawaii County, HI: Lower income........................................ 11,580 10,207 113.45 8,291 8,296 99.94 Middle income....................................... 15,236 14,219 107.15 9,761 10,535 92.65 Upper income........................................ 17,922 21,563 83.11 12,022 16,535 72.71 ----------------- Kauai County, HI: Lower income........................................ 14,680 10,207 143.82 9,096 8,296 109.64 Middle income....................................... 18,971 14,219 133.42 10,823 10,535 102.73 Upper income........................................ 22,691 21,563 105.23 13,396 16,535 81.02 ----------------- Maui County, HI: Lower income........................................ 15,970 10,207 156.46 9,899 8,296 119.32 Middle income....................................... 21,206 14,219 149.14 11,437 10,535 108.56 Upper income........................................ 25,104 21,563 116.42 13,909 16,535 84.12 ----------------- Guam: Lower income........................................ 13,430 10,207 131.58 9,973 8,296 120.21 Middle income....................................... 17,183 14,219 120.85 13,004 10,535 123.44 Upper income........................................ 25,358 21,563 117.60 15,425 16,535 93.29 ----------------- Puerto Rico: Lower income........................................ 6,838 10,207 66.99 8,330 8,296 100.41 Middle income....................................... 9,009 14,219 63.36 12,906 10,535 122.51 Upper income........................................ 13,810 21,563 64.04 19,707 16,535 119.18 ----------------- Virgin Islands: Lower income........................................ 13,607 10,207 133.31 10,302 8,296 124.18 Middle income....................................... 18,918 14,219 133.05 12,779 10,535 121.30 Upper income........................................ 23,121 21,563 107.23 17,586 16,535 106.36 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page 14256]] Appendix 15--Private Transportation Cost Analysis [1996 Survey] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Annual costs ----------------------------------------------- Honda Civic Ford Taurus Chevrolet S10 1.5L 4 cyl DX 3.0L 6 cyl GL Blazer 4.3L 6 4 dr sedan 4 dr sedan cyl 4WD 2 dr ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anchorage, AK: Fuel........................................................ $1,016 $1,524 $1,905 Maintenance/oil............................................. 921 917 859 Tires....................................................... 94 124 129 License and registration.................................... 38 38 38 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 50 50 50 Depreciation................................................ 1,975 3,430 2,753 Finance expense............................................. 614 845 934 Insurance................................................... 1,401 1,146 1,349 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 6,109 8,074 8,017 ================= Fairbanks, AK: Fuel........................................................ 971 1,456 1,820 Maintenance/oil............................................. 817 760 797 Tires....................................................... 103 135 139 License and registration.................................... 38 38 38 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,782 3,622 2,657 Finance expense............................................. 787 936 962 Insurance................................................... 1,307 1,103 1,461 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 6,805 8,050 7,874 ================= Juneau, AK: Fuel........................................................ 926 1,388 1,735 Maintenance/oil............................................. 850 786 827 Tires....................................................... 106 138 131 License and registration.................................... 38 38 38 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,373 3,195 2,554 Finance expense............................................. 695 830 927 Insurance................................................... 831 730 1,056 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 5,819 7,105 7,268 ================= Nome, AK: Fuel........................................................ 1,300 1,950 2,438 Maintenance/oil............................................. 749 746 822 Tires....................................................... 128 177 166 License and registration.................................... 38 38 38 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,710 4,242 3,736 Finance expense............................................. 650 877 966 Insurance................................................... 1,001 937 1,251 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 6,576 8,967 9,417 ================= Honolulu, HI: Fuel........................................................ 805 1,208 1,510 Maintenance/oil............................................. 413 447 475 Tires....................................................... 111 134 164 License and registration.................................... 81 96 110 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,432 3,087 2,983 Finance expense............................................. 792 913 1,121 Insurance................................................... 2,100 2,150 2,608 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 6,734 8,035 8,971 ================= Hilo, HI: Fuel........................................................ 846 1,269 1,586 Maintenance/oil............................................. 470 473 509 Tires....................................................... 109 156 128 License and registration.................................... 51 65 74 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,635 3,105 3,534 Finance expense............................................. 823 909 1,212 [[Page 14257]] Insurance................................................... 2,349 2,064 2,410 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 7,283 8,041 9,453 ================= Kailua Kona, HI: Fuel........................................................ 925 1,387 1,734 Maintenance/oil............................................. 498 449 477 Tires....................................................... 86 164 105 License and registration.................................... 51 65 74 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,747 3,212 3,456 Finance expense............................................. 900 992 1,279 Insurance................................................... 2,348 2,064 2,421 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 7,555 8,333 9,546 ================= Kauai, HI: Fuel........................................................ 856 1,284 1,606 Maintenance/oil............................................. 524 491 519 Tires....................................................... 104 155 159 License and registration.................................... 54 66 76 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,934 4,005 4,500 Finance expense............................................. 914 1,118 1,446 Insurance................................................... 2,278 2,165 2,116 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 7,664 9,284 10,422 ================= Maui, HI: Fuel........................................................ 875 1,313 1,641 Maintenance/oil............................................. 557 532 560 Tires....................................................... 104 151 123 License and registration.................................... 64 75 86 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,155 3,241 3,863 Finance expense............................................. 735 934 1,271 Insurance................................................... 2,168 1,895 2,250 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 6,658 8,141 9,794 ================= Guam: Fuel........................................................ 789 1,184 1,480 Maintenance/oil............................................. 515 555 573 Tires....................................................... 91 143 132 License and registration.................................... 24 28 30 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,979 4,435 3,694 Finance expense............................................. 877 1,141 1,230 Insurance................................................... 1,504 1,895 1,952 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 6,779 9,381 9,091 ================= Puerto Rico: Fuel........................................................ 605 907 1,134 Maintenance/oil............................................. 337 323 346 Tires....................................................... 90 128 105 License and registration.................................... 88 88 100 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,680 3,891 3,406 Finance expense............................................. 1,063 1,346 1,521 Insurance................................................... 1,788 1,942 2,173 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 6,651 8,625 8,785 ================= St. Croix, VI: Fuel........................................................ 553 830 1,037 Maintenance/oil............................................. 366 396 444 Tires....................................................... 128 191 177 [[Page 14258]] License and registration.................................... 50 59 71 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,486 3,956 4,907 Finance expense............................................. 904 1,209 1,661 Insurance................................................... 1,943 2,854 3,473 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 6,430 9,495 11,770 ================= St. Thomas, VI: Fuel........................................................ 777 1,165 1,457 Maintenance/oil............................................. 430 457 497 Tires....................................................... 85 127 97 License and registration.................................... 50 59 71 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,886 3,956 3,113 Finance expense............................................. 846 1,036 1,106 Insurance................................................... 1,565 2,451 2,511 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 6,639 9,251 8,852 ================= Washington, DC (DC): Fuel........................................................ 612 918 1,147 Maintenance/oil............................................. 294 309 260 Tires....................................................... 76 91 114 License and registration.................................... 74 74 107 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,452 3,163 3,166 Finance expense............................................. 671 781 973 Insurance................................................... 1,421 1,348 1,596 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 5,600 6,684 7,363 ================= Washington, DC (MD): ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Maintenance/oil............................................. 286 253 257 Tires....................................................... 78 86 98 License and registration.................................... 85 85 112 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 0 0 0 Depreciation................................................ 2,106 3,127 2,773 Finance expense............................................. 598 751 883 Insurance................................................... 1,413 1,243 1,496 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 5,180 6,467 6,771 ================= Washington, DC (VA): Fuel........................................................ 568 852 1,065 Maintenance/oil............................................. 302 309 288 Tires....................................................... 76 92 98 License and registration.................................... 48 53 53 Miscellaneous tax........................................... 391 419 609 Depreciation................................................ 2,216 3,159 2,485 Finance expense............................................. 645 795 883 Insurance................................................... 755 678 758 ----------------- Total annual cost....................................... 5,001 6,357 6,239 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private Transportation Cost Analysis--Composites [1996 Survey] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Annual costs ----------------------------------------------- Location Weights Honda Civic Ford Taurus Chevrolet S10 1.5L 4 cyl DX 3.0L 6 cyl GL Blazer 4.3L 6 4 dr sedan 4 dr sedan cyl 4WD 2 dr ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hilo, HI........................................ 82.88 $7,283 $8,041 $9,453 [[Page 14259]] Kailua Kona, HI................................. 17.12 7,555 8,333 9,546 ----------------- Total weight................................ 100.00 .............. .............. .............. ----------------- Hawaii County, HI.......................... .............. 7,330 8,091 9,469 ================= St. Croix, VI................................... 46.42 6,430 9,495 11,770 St. Thomas, VI.................................. 53.58 6,639 9,251 8,852 ----------------- Total weight................................ 100.00 .............. .............. .............. ----------------- Virgin Islands............................. .............. 6,542 9,364 10,207 ================= Washington, DC, DC.............................. 33.34 5,600 6,684 7,363 Washington, DC, MD.............................. 33.33 5,180 6,467 6,771 Washington, DC, VA.............................. 33.33 5,001 6,357 6,239 ----------------- Total weight................................ 100.00 .............. .............. .............. ----------------- DC area.................................... .............. 5,260 6,503 6,791 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Appendix 16--Auto Insurance Calculation Worksheet--Special Limits Adjustments [Location: Guam] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Allowance area--original values Reference area--special limits Indexes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DC BI 100/300...................... 121.50 121.50 121.50 BI 100/300......... 323.74 313.74 307.20 PD 25........................... 81.00 81.00 81.00 PD 25.............. 129.26 125.26 123.06 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP......................... 25.00 25.00 25.00 Med/PIP............ ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... UM 15/30........................ 8.00 8.00 8.00 UM 100/300......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 100.......................... 375.00 489.50 515.00 CM 100............. 266.06 250.66 380.34 ......... ......... ......... CL 200.......................... 793.50 1,024.50 1,076.50 CL 250............. 591.40 545.14 671.06 ......... ......... ......... --------------------------------- ------------ Totals*................... 1,371.00 1,716.50 1,794.00 Totals*........ 1,310.46 1,234.80 1,481.66 104.62 139.01 121.08 MD BI 100/300......... 351.50 344.93 333.98 PD 25.............. 135.60 133.44 128.72 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP............ ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 100............. 218.80 151.87 264.47 ......... ......... ......... CL 250............. 458.63 355.60 469.46 ......... ......... ......... ------------ Totals*........ 1,164.53 985.84 1,196.63 117.73 174.12 149.92 VA BI 100/300......... 210.58 211.92 199.12 PD 25.............. 86.75 87.35 81.20 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP............ ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 100............. 115.07 82.87 151.60 ......... ......... ......... CL 250............. 249.53 206.15 284.45 ......... ......... ......... ------------ Totals*........ 661.93 588.29 716.37 207.12 291.78 250.43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Allowance area--adjusted values Reference area--normal limits Adjusted values -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DC BI 100/300...................... 121.50 121.50 121.50 BI 100/300......... 323.74 313.74 307.20 ......... ......... ......... PD 25........................... 81.00 81.00 81.00 PD 25.............. 129.26 125.26 123.06 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP......................... 25.00 25.00 25.00 Med/PIP............ 39.26 41.74 43.14 ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300...................... 108.07 153.69 132.53 UM 100/300......... 71.14 71.14 71.14 74.43 98.89 86.14 CM 100.......................... 375.00 489.50 515.00 CM 100............. 266.06 250.66 380.34 ......... ......... ......... CL 200.......................... 793.50 1,024.50 1,076.50 CL 250............. 591.40 545.14 671.06 ......... ......... ......... --------------------------------- ------------ Totals**.................. 1,504.07 1,895.19 1,951.53 Totals**....... 1,420.86 1,347.68 1,595.94 ......... ......... ......... [[Page 14260]] MD BI 100/300......... 351.50 344.93 333.98 ......... ......... ......... PD 25.............. 135.60 133.44 128.72 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP............ 94.71 97.24 124.94 ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... 124.70 124.70 124.70 146.81 217.13 186.95 CM 100............. 218.80 151.87 264.47 ......... ......... ......... CL 250............. 458.63 355.60 469.46 ......... ......... ......... ------------ Totals**....... 1,383.94 1,207.78 1,446.27 ......... ......... ......... VA BI 100/300......... 210.58 211.92 199.12 ......... ......... ......... PD 25.............. 86.75 87.35 81.20 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP............ 36.78 39.18 41.77 ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... 49.71 49.71 49.71 102.96 145.04 124.49 CM 100............. 115.07 82.87 151.60 ......... ......... ......... CL 250............. 249.53 206.15 284.45 ......... ......... ......... ------------ Totals**....... 748.42 677.18 807.85 ......... ......... ......... -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notes: Normal limits coverage was priced in the allowance and reference area, except for Uninsured Motorist (UM), for which equivalent coverage could not be priced. To estimate the cost of equivalent coverage, the relative costs of the total premiums (less Medical or Personal Injury Protection and Uninsured Motorist premiums where applicable) for each area were compared to derive indexes that were used to adjust reference area UM premiums for each of the reference area survey locations. These values were then averaged and used as the adjusted allowance area UM premium. *Less Med/PIP and UM **Including Med/PIP and UM Auto Insurance Calculation Worksheet--Special Limits Adjustments [Location: Puerto Rico] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Allowance area--original values Reference area--special limits Indexes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DC BI 100/300...................... 250.34 250.34 250.34 BI 100/300......... 323.74 313.74 307.20 ......... ......... ......... PD 25........................... 110.10 110.10 110.10 PD 25.............. 129.26 125.26 123.06 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP......................... 6.04 6.04 6.04 Med/PIP............ ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300...................... ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 100.......................... 915.84 1,017.77 1,213.20 CM 100............. 266.06 250.66 380.34 ......... ......... ......... CL 250.......................... 375.68 398.54 443.86 CL 250............. 591.40 545.14 671.06 ......... ......... ......... --------------------------------- ------------ Totals*................... 1,651.96 1,776.75 2,017.50 Totals*........ 1,310.46 1,234.80 1,481.66 126.06 143.89 136.16 MD BI 100/300......... 351.50 344.93 333.98 ......... ......... ......... PD 25.............. 135.60 133.44 128.72 ......... ......... ......... Med/pip............ ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 100............. 218.80 151.87 264.47 ......... ......... ......... CL 250............. 458.63 355.60 469.46 ......... ......... ......... ------------ Totals*........ 1,164.53 985.84 1,196.63 141.86 180.23 168.60 VA BI 100/300......... 210.58 211.92 199.12 ......... ......... ......... PD 25.............. 86.75 87.35 81.20 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP............ ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 100............. 115.07 82.87 151.60 ......... ......... ......... CL 250............. 249.53 206.15 284.45 ......... ......... ......... ------------ Totals*........ 661.93 588.29 716.37 249.57 302.02 281.63 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Allowance area--adjusted values Reference area--normal limits Adjusted values -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DC BI 100/300...................... 250.34 250.34 250.34 BI 100/300......... 323.74 313.74 307.20 ......... ......... ......... PD 25........................... 110.10 110.10 110.10 PD 25.............. 129.26 125.26 123.06 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP......................... 6.04 6.04 6.04 Med/PIP............ 39.26 41.74 43.14 ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300...................... 130.21 159.08 149.03 UM 100/300......... 71.14 71.14 71.14 89.68 102.36 96.86 CM 100.......................... 915.84 1,017.77 1,213.20 CM 100............. 266.06 250.66 380.34 ......... ......... ......... CL 250.......................... 375.68 398.54 443.86 CL 250............. 591.40 545.14 671.06 ......... ......... ......... --------------------------------- ------------ Totals**.................. 1,788.21 1,941.87 2,172.57 Totals**....... 1,420.86 1,347.68 1,595.94 ......... ......... ......... [[Page 14261]] MD BI 100/300......... 351.50 344.93 333.98 ......... ......... ......... PD 25.............. 135.60 133.44 128.72 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP............ 94.71 97.24 124.94 ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... 124.70 124.70 124.70 176.90 224.75 210.24 CM 100............. 218.80 151.87 264.47 ......... ......... ......... CL 250............. 458.63 355.60 469.46 ......... ......... ......... ------------ Totals**....... 1,383.94 1,207.78 1,446.27 ......... ......... ......... VA BI 100/300......... 210.58 211.92 199.12 ......... ......... ......... PD 25.............. 86.75 87.35 81.20 ......... ......... ......... Med/PIP............ 36.78 39.18 41.77 ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... 49.71 49.71 49.71 124.06 150.13 140.00 CM 100............. 115.07 82.87 151.60 ......... ......... ......... CL 250............. 249.53 206.15 284.45 ......... ......... ......... ------------ Totals**....... 748.42 677.18 807.85 ......... ......... ......... -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notes: Normal limits coverage was priced in the allowance and reference area, except for Uninsured Motorist (UM), for which equivalent coverage could not be priced. To estimate the cost of equivalent coverage, the relative costs of the total premiums (less Medical or Personal Injury Protection and Uninsured Motorist premiums where applicable) for each area were compared to derive indexes that were used to adjust reference area UM premiums for each of the reference area survey locations. These values were then averaged and used as the adjusted allowance area UM premium. *Less Med/PIP and UM **Including Med/PIP and UM Auto Insurance Calculation Worksheet--Special Limits Adjustments [Location: St. Croix] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Allowance area--original values Reference area--special limits Indexes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DC BI 10/20........................ 155.93 155.93 155.93 BI 25/50........... 246.40 239.74 234.40 63.28 65.04 66.52 PD 10........................... 160.96 160.96 160.96 PD 10.............. 121.26 118.60 115.14 132.74 135.72 139.80 Med/PIP......................... 40.24 40.24 40.24 Med/PIP............ ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... UM.............................. ......... ......... ......... UM 25/50........... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 250/500...................... 349.59 483.89 641.83 CM 500............. 212.86 202.26 302.34 164.23 239.24 212.29 CL 500/1000..................... 736.90 1,256.49 1,661.41 CL 500............. 444.74 411.86 499.40 165.69 305.08 332.68 --------------------------------- ------------ Totals*................... 1,403.38 2,057.27 2,620.13 Totals*........ 1,025.26 972.46 1,151.28 136.88 211.55 227.58 MD BI 25/40........... 260.66 254.47 251.56 59.82 61.28 61.99 PD 10.............. 134.08 131.43 129.01 120.05 122.47 124.77 Med/PIP............ ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... UM 25/40........... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 500............. 158.32 115.62 219.60 220.81 418.52 292.27 CL 500............. 372.70 292.15 436.02 197.72 430.08 381.04 ------------ Totals*........ 925.76 793.67 1,036.19 151.59 259.21 252.86 VA BI 25/50........... 155.40 156.10 146.62 100.34 99.89 106.35 PD 20.............. 86.38 86.98 80.83 186.34 185.05 199.13 Med/PIP............ ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... UM 25/50........... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 500............. 86.27 61.08 111.32 405.23 792.22 576.56 CL 500............. 205.38 167.85 236.30 358.80 748.58 703.09 ------------ Totals*........ 533.43 472.01 575.07 263.09 435.85 455.62 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Allowance area--adjusted values Reference area--normal limits Adjusted values -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DC BI 100/300...................... 208.81 209.04 207.71 BI 100/300......... 323.74 313.74 307.20 204.86 204.06 204.35 PD 25........................... 165.34 165.02 164.78 PD 25.............. 129.26 125.26 123.06 171.58 170.00 172.04 Med/PIP......................... 40.24 40.24 40.24 Med/PIP............ 39.26 41.74 43.14 ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300...................... 139.06 230.13 234.57 UM 100/300......... 71.14 71.14 71.14 97.38 150.50 161.90 CM 100.......................... 462.13 630.60 818.15 CM 100............. 266.06 250.66 380.34 436.95 599.68 807.42 CL 250.......................... 927.33 1,578.56 2,007.08 CL 250............. 591.40 545.14 671.06 979.89 1,663.11 2,232.48 --------------------------------- ------------ Totals**.................. 1,942.91 2,853.59 3,472.53 Totals**....... 1,420.86 1,347.68 1,595.94 1,890.66 2,787.35 3,578.19 [[Page 14262]] MD BI 100/300......... 351.50 344.93 333.98 210.27 211.37 207.03 PD 25.............. 135.60 133.44 128.72 162.79 163.42 160.60 Med/PIP............ 94.71 97.24 124.94 ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... 124.70 124.70 124.70 189.03 323.23 315.32 CM 100............. 218.80 151.87 264.47 483.13 635.61 772.97 CL 250............. 458.63 355.60 469.46 906.80 1,529.36 1,788.83 ------------ Totals**....... 1,383.94 1,207.78 1,446.27 1,952.02 2,862.99 3,244.75 VA BI 100/300......... 210.58 211.92 199.12 211.30 211.69 211.76 PD 25.............. 86.75 87.35 81.20 161.65 161.64 161.69 Med/PIP............ 36.78 39.18 41.77 ......... ......... ......... UM 100/300......... 49.71 49.71 49.71 130.78 216.66 226.49 CM 100............. 115.07 82.87 151.60 466.30 656.51 874.06 CL 250............. 249.53 206.15 284.45 895.31 1,543.20 1,999.94 ------------ Totals**....... 748.42 677.18 807.85 1,865.34 2,789.70 3,473.94 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notes: Comparable coverage was priced in the allowance and in the reference area, and the premiums were compared to derive indexes for each type of coverage. With two exceptions, these indexes were used to adjust reference area premiums by type of coverage in each survey location and the results averaged to estimate the cost of equivalent coverage in the allowance area. The exceptions are Uninsured Motorist (UM) premiums, which were adjusted using the relative total cost of premiums (less Medical and Personal Injury Protection coverage where applicable), and Medical premiums, which were not adjusted because they were comparable to reference area coverage. *Less Med/PIP and UM **Including Med/PIP and UM Auto Insurance Calculation Worksheet--Special Limits Adjustments [Location: St. Thomas] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Allowance area--original values Reference area--special limits Indexes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy Honda Ford Chevy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DC BI 10/20........................ 138.33 138.33 138.33 BI 25/50........... 246.40 239.74 234.40 56.14 57.70 59.01 PD 10........................... 139.33 139.33 139.33 PD 10.............. 121.26 118.60 115.14 114.90 117.48 121.01 Med/PIP......................... 38.23 38.23 38.23 Med................ ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... UM.............................. ......... ......... ......... UM 25/50........... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 250/500...................... 293.75 396.87 430.57 CM 500............. 212.86 202.26 302.34 138.00 196.22 142.41 CL 500/1000..................... 555.31 1,090.00 1,182.05 CL 500............. 444.74 411.86 499.40 124.86 264.65 236.69 --------------------------------- ------------ Totals*................... 1,126.72 1,764.53 1,890.28 Totals*........ 1,025.26 972.46 1,151.28 109.90 181.45 164.19 MD BI 25/40........... 260.66 254.47 251.56 53.07 54.36 54.99 PD 10.............. 134.08 131.43 129.01 103.92 106.01 108.00 Med................ ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... UM 25/40........... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... CM 500............. 158.32 115.62 219.60 185.54 343.25 196.07 CL 500............. 372.70 292.15 436.02 149.00 373.10 271.10 ------------ Totals*........ 925.76 793.67 1,036.19 121.71 222.